Android之 动画总结
动画总结
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一 动画种类
1.1 动画在Android中运用也非常广泛，如点击按钮，加载框，Activity的转场等都有动画的身影
1.2 常用的动画有以下以下几种
逐帧动画【Frame Animation】，即顺序播放事先准备的图片
补间动画【Tween Animation】，View的动画效果可以实现简单的平移、缩放、旋转。
属性动画【Property Animation】，补间动画增强版，支持对对象执行动画。
过渡动画【Transition Animation】,实现Activity或View过渡动画效果。包括5.0之后的MD过渡动画等。
二 逐帧动画
2.1 定义一个动画xml，设置图片集合
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<animation-list android:oneshot="false"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:duration="100" android:drawable="@drawable/new_shuaxin_00000" />
<item android:duration="100" android:drawable="@drawable/new_shuaxin_00001" />
<item android:duration="100" android:drawable="@drawable/new_shuaxin_00002" />
<item android:duration="100" android:drawable="@drawable/new_shuaxin_00003" />
<item android:duration="100" android:drawable="@drawable/new_shuaxin_00004" />
</animation-list>2.2 java设置动画
//定义组件
ImageVIew ivImage = findViewById(R.id.iv_refresh_header);
//开始动画
ivImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.anim_loading);
mAnimationDrawable = (AnimationDrawable) ivImage.getDrawable();
mAnimationDrawable.start();
//停止动画
ivImage.clearAnimation();
if (mAnimationDrawable != null){
mAnimationDrawable.stop();
}三 补间动画
2.1 补间动画种类
透明度变化，大小缩放变化，位移变化，旋转变化
2.2 透明度动画，两种定义方式
xml定义
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<alpha
android:duration="1000"
android:fromAlpha="0.0"
android:toAlpha="1.0" />
</set>java定义
AlphaAnimation alpha = new AlphaAnimation(0, 1);
alpha.setDuration(500); //设置持续时间
alpha.setFillAfter(true); //动画结束后保留结束状态
alpha.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator()); //添加差值器
ivImage.setAnimation(alpha);2.3 大小缩放动画，两种定义方式
xml定义
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<scale
android:duration="1000"
android:fillAfter="false"
android:fromXScale="0.0"
android:fromYScale="0.0"
android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator"
android:pivotX="50%"
android:pivotY="50%"
android:toXScale="1.4"
android:toYScale="1.4" />
</set>java定义
ScaleAnimation scale = new ScaleAnimation(1.0f, scaleXY, 1.0f, scaleXY, Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f, Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f);
scale.setDuration(durationMillis);
scale.setFillAfter(true);
ivImage.setAnimation(scale);2.4 位移动画，两种定义方式
xml定义
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<translate
android:duration="2000"
android:fromXDelta="30"
android:fromYDelta="30"
android:toXDelta="-80"
android:toYDelta="300" />
</set>Java定义
TranslateAnimation translate = new TranslateAnimation(fromXDelta, toXDelta, fromYDelta, toYDelta);
translate.setDuration(durationMillis);
translate.setFillAfter(true);
ivImage.setAnimation(translate);2.5 旋转动画，两种定义方式
xml定义
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<rotate
android:duration="3000"
android:fromDegrees="0"
android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator"
android:pivotX="50%"
android:pivotY="50%"
android:toDegrees="+350" />
</set>java定义
RotateAnimation rotate = new RotateAnimation(fromDegrees, toDegrees, Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f, Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f);
rotate.setDuration(durationMillis);
rotate.setFillAfter(true);
ivImage.setAnimation(rotate);2.6 组合动画AnimationSet
RelativeLayout rlRoot = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.rl_root);
//旋转动画
RotateAnimation animRotate = new RotateAnimation(0, 360,
Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f, Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF,
0.5f);
animRotate.setDuration(1000);// 动画时间
animRotate.setFillAfter(true);// 保持动画结束状态
//缩放动画
ScaleAnimation animScale = new ScaleAnimation(0, 1, 0, 1,
Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f, Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF,0.5f);
animScale.setDuration(1000);
animScale.setFillAfter(true);// 保持动画结束状态
//渐变动画
AlphaAnimation animAlpha = new AlphaAnimation(0, 1);
animAlpha.setDuration(2000);// 动画时间
animAlpha.setFillAfter(true);// 保持动画结束状态
//动画集合
AnimationSet set = new AnimationSet(true);
set.addAnimation(animRotate);
set.addAnimation(animScale);
set.addAnimation(animAlpha);
//启动动画
rlRoot.startAnimation(set);三 属性动画
3.1 xml+java调用方式
定义animator.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<animator
android:valueFrom="0"
android:valueTo="100"
android:valueType="intType"
android:duration="3000"
android:startOffset ="1000"
android:fillBefore = "true"
android:fillAfter = "false"
android:fillEnabled= "true"
android:repeatMode= "restart"
android:repeatCount = "0"
android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"/>
</set>java调用
Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
Animator mAnim = AnimatorInflater.loadAnimator(this, R.animator.animator);
mAnim.setTarget(button);
mAnim.start();3.2 纯java方式
ObjectAnimator mAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(view, type, start, end);
// 设置动画重复播放次数 = 重放次数+1
// 动画播放次数 = infinite时,动画无限重复
mAnimator.setRepeatCount(ValueAnimator.INFINITE);
// 设置动画运行的时长
mAnimator.setDuration(time);
// 设置动画延迟播放时间
mAnimator.setStartDelay(0);
// 设置重复播放动画模式
mAnimator.setRepeatMode(ValueAnimator.RESTART);
// ValueAnimator.RESTART(默认):正序重放
// ValueAnimator.REVERSE:倒序回放
//设置差值器
mAnimator.setInterpolator(new LinearInterpolator());
return mAnimator; 3.3 ValueAnimator值动画，主要负责值的计算和过度，以及动画的播放次数、播放模式和动画监听等
ValueAnimator animator = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(1, 0.5f, 1);
animator.setDuration(3000);
animator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
@Override
public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
float value = (Float) animation.getAnimatedValue();
imageView.setScaleX(value);
}
});
animator.start();
3.4 ObjectAnimator对象动画，继承ValueAnimator，可以直接修改对象的属性
ObjectAnimator animator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(imageView, "scaleX", 1, 0.5f, 1);
animator.setDuration(3000);
animator.start();
3.5 PropertyValuesHolder，用来保存属性的值
PropertyValuesHolder xHolder = PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleX", 1.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
PropertyValuesHolder yHolder = PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleY", 1.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
ObjectAnimator.ofPropertyValuesHolder(imageView, xHolder, yHolder)
.setDuration(3000)
.start();
3.6 AnimatorSet，实现多个动画效果
ObjectAnimator xAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(imageView, "scaleX", 1.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
ObjectAnimator yAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(imageView, "scaleY", 1.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
AnimatorSet animator = new AnimatorSet();
animator.playTogether(xAnimator, yAnimator);
animator.setDuration(3000);
animator.start();
AnimatorSet还可以指定动画的顺序，调用playSequentially()方法依次播放动画
ObjectAnimator animator1 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(imageView, "alpha", 1.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
animator1.setDuration(2000);
ObjectAnimator xAnimator2 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(imageView, "scaleX", 1.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
ObjectAnimator yAnimator2 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(imageView, "scaleY", 1.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
AnimatorSet scaleAnimator = new AnimatorSet();
scaleAnimator.playTogether(xAnimator2, yAnimator2);
scaleAnimator.setDuration(2000);
ObjectAnimator animator3 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(imageView, "rotation", 0f, 360f);
animator3.setDuration(2000);
AnimatorSet animator = new AnimatorSet();
animator.playSequentially(animator1, scaleAnimator, animator3);
animator.start();
3.7 Evaluator估值器，告诉动画系统如何从初始值过度到结束值
- IntEvaluator :用于计算int类型属性值的计算器
- FloatEvaluator :用于计算float类型属性值的计算器
- ArgbEvaluator :用于计算十六进制形式表示的颜色值的计算器
- TypeEvaluator:计算器的接口，我们可以实现该接口来完成自定义计算器
四 过渡动画，即Activity转场动画
4.1 定义动画xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<translate
android:duration="270"
android:fromXDelta="100%p"
android:toXDelta="0%p" />
</set>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<translate
android:duration="270"
android:fromXDelta="0%p"
android:toXDelta="-100%p" />
</set>4.2 设置style
<!--左右进出场的activity动画-->
<style name="My_AnimationActivity" mce_bogus="1" parent="@android:style/Animation.Activity">
<item name="android:activityOpenEnterAnimation">@anim/open_enter</item>
<item name="android:activityCloseExitAnimation">@anim/close_exit</item>
</style>
<!--上下进出场的activity动画-->
<style name="up_down_activity_anim" mce_bogus="1" parent="@android:style/Animation.Activity">
<item name="android:activityOpenEnterAnimation">@anim/open_up</item>
<item name="android:activityCloseExitAnimation">@anim/close_down</item>
</style>4.3 java调用
startActivity(intent);
overridePendingTransition(R.anim.bottom_top_anim, R.anim.alpha_hide);
finish();
overridePendingTransition(R.anim.alpha_show, R.anim.top_bottom_anim);4.4 Android5.0之后，Android就自带几种动画特效。 3种转场动画 ，1种共享元素
三种转场动画
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
public void explode(View view) {
intent = new Intent(this, TransitionActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("flag", 0);
startActivity(intent, ActivityOptions.makeSceneTransitionAnimation(this).toBundle());
}
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
public void slide(View view) {
intent = new Intent(this, TransitionActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("flag", 1);
startActivity(intent, ActivityOptions.makeSceneTransitionAnimation(this).toBundle());
}
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
public void fade(View view) {
intent = new Intent(this, TransitionActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("flag", 2);
startActivity(intent, ActivityOptions.makeSceneTransitionAnimation(this).toBundle());
}共享动画
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
public void share(View view) {
View fab = findViewById(R.id.fab_button);
intent = new Intent(this, TransitionActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("flag", 3);
//创建单个共享
//startActivity(intent, ActivityOptions.makeSceneTransitionAnimation(this, view, "share")
// .toBundle());
//创建多个共享
startActivity(intent, ActivityOptions.makeSceneTransitionAnimation(this, Pair.create
(view, "share"),
Pair.create(fab,"fab"))
.toBundle());
}
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