1、起因：

使用redhat自带镜像yum源安装软件时，报错：unable to read consumer identity。这个提示告诉我们，yum没有读取到你的用户id。如果你想使用redhat同步不想花费几千元注册系统，就可以使用centos的yum源来代替。

2、centos-8 yum网络源配置

        2.1、访问阿里云镜像站，下载repo镜像下载页
        地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/
        下载：Centos-8.repo
        打开所下载的centos-8.repo，上传至/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下

[root@server130 yum.repos.d]# cat Centos-8.repo 
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
 
[PowerTools]
name=CentOS-$releasever - PowerTools - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official


[AppStream]
name=CentOS-$releasever - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

        2.2、直接在服务器上直接wget下载repo配置文件至/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo

3、清除yum缓存

[root@server130 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

18 files removed

4、缓存包信息

[root@server130 yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

CentOS-8 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com               3.2 MB/s | 4.6 MB     00:01    
CentOS-8 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com              22 kB/s |  10 kB     00:00    
CentOS-8 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com          3.4 MB/s | 8.4 MB     00:02    
Metadata cache created.

5、查看配置的yum仓库

[root@server130 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

repo id              repo name                                             status
AppStream            CentOS-8 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com             enabled
PowerTools           CentOS-8 - PowerTools - mirrors.aliyun.com            disabled
base                 CentOS-8 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                  enabled
centosplus           CentOS-8 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com                  disabled
extras               CentOS-8 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                enabled