问题一,启动报错
启动参数:sudo clickhouse-server --config-file=/etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml

2020.08.20 18:49:28.189321 [ 29338 ] {} <Error> Application: DB::Exception: Effective user of the process (root) does not match the owner of the data (clickhouse). Run under 'sudo -u clickhouse'

解决办法,已经有了提示,Run under ‘sudo -u clickhouse’.
修改后启动参数: sudo -u clickhouse clickhouse-server --config-file=/etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml
成功启动.
问题二,spark写入报错

ru.yandex.clickhouse.except.ClickHouseException: ClickHouse exception, code: 210, host: 1.1.1.1, port: 8123; Connect to 1.1.1.1:8123 [/1.1.1.1] failed: Connection refused: connect
	at ru.yandex.clickhouse.ClickHouseConnectionImpl.initTimeZone(ClickHouseConnectionImpl.java:91)
	at ru.yandex.clickhouse.ClickHouseConnectionImpl.<init>(ClickHouseConnectionImpl.java:75)
	at ru.yandex.clickhouse.ClickHouseDriver.connect(ClickHouseDriver.java:58)
	at ru.yandex.clickhouse.ClickHouseDriver.connect(ClickHouseDriver.java:50)
	at ru.yandex.clickhouse.ClickHouseDriver.connect(ClickHouseDriver.java:32)
	at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:664)
	at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:270)

1.创建ClickHouse通用配置文件vi /etc/metrika.xml，在文件中添加如下内容：

<yandex>
	<networks>
	<ip>::/0</ip>
	</networks>
</yandex>

2.打开ClickHouse用户配置文件vi /etc/clickhouse-server/users.xml，找到networks节点，确保该节点下的ip节点值为::/0：

<networks incl="networks" replace="replace">
  <ip>::/0</ip>
</networks>

3.打开ClickHouse配置文件vi /etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml，找到listen_host节点，将其值修改为::

<listen_host>::</listen_host>