一.环境信息

1.服务器及k8s版本

IP地址	主机名称	角色	版本
192.168.40.180	master1	master节点	1.27
192.168.40.181	node1	node1节点	1.27
192.168.40.182	node2	node2节点	1.27

2.部署组件版本

序号	名称	版本	作用
1	elasticsearch	7.12.1	是一个实时的分布式搜索和分析引擎，它可以用于全文搜索，结构化搜索以及分析。
2	kibana	7.12.1	为 Elasticsearch 提供了分析和 Web 可视化界面，并生成各种维度表格、图形
3	fluentd	v1.16	是一个数据收集引擎，主要用于进行数据收集、解析，并将数据发送给ES
4	nfs-client-provisioner	v4.0.0	nfs供应商

master1和node2节点上传fluentd组件 node1节点上传全部的组件
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1u2U87Jp4TzJxs7nfVqKM-w
提取码：fcpp
–来自百度网盘超级会员V4的分享
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ttMaqmeVNpOAJD8G3-6tag
提取码：qho8
–来自百度网盘超级会员V4的分享
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ttMaqmeVNpOAJD8G3-6tag
提取码：qho8
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1cQSkGz0NO_rrulas2EYv5Q
提取码：rxjx
–来自百度网盘超级会员V4的分享

二.安装nfs供应商

1.安装nfs服务
三个节点都操作

yum -y install  nfs-utils

2.启动nfs服务并设置开机自启
三个节点都操作

# 开启服务
systemctl start nfs
# 设置开机自启
systemctl enable nfs.service

3.在master1上创建一个共享目录

# 创建目录
mkdir /data/v1 -p

# 编辑/etc/exports文件
vim /etc/exports
/data/v1 *(rw,no_root_squash)

#加载配置，使文件生效
exportfs -arv
systemctl restart nfs

4.创建nfs作为存储的供应商
master1上执行
4.1创建运行nfs-provisioner需要的账号

vim serviceaccount.yaml 
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nfs-provisioner

执行配置

kubectl apply -f serviceaccount.yaml

4.2对sa授权

kubectl create clusterrolebinding nfs-provisioner-clusterrolebinding --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=default:nfs-provisioner

把nfs-subdir-external-provisioner.tar.gz上传到node1上，手动解压。

ctr -n=k8s.io images import nfs-subdir-external-provisioner.tar.gz

4.3通过deployment创建pod用来运行nfs-provisioner

vim deployment.yaml
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  name: nfs-provisioner
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nfs-provisioner
  replicas: 1
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nfs-provisioner
    spec:
      serviceAccount: nfs-provisioner
      containers:
        - name: nfs-provisioner
          image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mydlq/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          volumeMounts:
            - name: nfs-client-root
              mountPath: /persistentvolumes
          env:
            - name: PROVISIONER_NAME
              value: example.com/nfs
            - name: NFS_SERVER
              value: 192.168.40.180
#这个需要写nfs服务端所在的ip地址，大家需要写自己安装了nfs服务的机器ip
            - name: NFS_PATH
              value: /data/v1
#这个是nfs服务端共享的目录
      volumes:
        - name: nfs-client-root
          nfs:
            server: 192.168.40.180
            path: /data/v1

执行配置文件

kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml

查看是否创建成功

kubectl get pods | grep nfs

5.创建存储类storgeclass
mster1上执行

vim es_class.yaml
---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: do-block-storage
provisioner: example.com/nfs

执行配置

kubectl apply -f es_class.yaml

三.安装elasticsearch

在master1上执行
1.创建kube-logging名称空间

vim kube-logging.yaml
---
kind: Namespace
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-logging

执行配置

kubectl apply -f kube-logging.yaml

2.安装elasticsearch组件

vim elasticsearch_svc.yaml
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-logging
  labels:
    app: elasticsearch
spec:
  selector:
    app: elasticsearch
  clusterIP: None
  ports:
    - port: 9200
      name: rest
    - port: 9300
      name: inter-node

执行配置文件

kubectl apply -f elasticsearch_svc.yaml

3.创建statefulset资源

vim elasticsearch-statefulset.yaml
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: es-cluster
  namespace: kube-logging
spec:
  serviceName: elasticsearch
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: elasticsearch
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: elasticsearch
        image:  docker.io/library/elasticsearch:7.12.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        resources:
            limits:
              cpu: 1000m
            requests:
              cpu: 100m
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9200
          name: rest
          protocol: TCP
        - containerPort: 9300
          name: inter-node
          protocol: TCP
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
        env:
          - name: cluster.name
            value: k8s-logs
          - name: node.name
            valueFrom:
              fieldRef:
                fieldPath: metadata.name
          - name: discovery.seed_hosts
            value: "es-cluster-0.elasticsearch,es-cluster-1.elasticsearch,es-cluster-2.elasticsearch"
          - name: cluster.initial_master_nodes
            value: "es-cluster-0,es-cluster-1,es-cluster-2"
          - name: ES_JAVA_OPTS
            value: "-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
      initContainers:
      - name: fix-permissions
        image: busybox
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        command: ["sh", "-c", "chown -R 1000:1000 /usr/share/elasticsearch/data"]
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
      - name: increase-vm-max-map
        image: busybox
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        command: ["sysctl", "-w", "vm.max_map_count=262144"]
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
      - name: increase-fd-ulimit
        image: busybox
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        command: ["sh", "-c", "ulimit -n 65536"]
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: data
      labels:
        app: elasticsearch
    spec:
      accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
      storageClassName: do-block-storage
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 10Gi

执行配置

kubectl apply -f elasticsearch-statefulset.yaml

四.安装kibana组件

vim kibana.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kibana
  namespace: kube-logging
  labels:
    app: kibana
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 5601
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: kibana
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: kibana
  namespace: kube-logging
  labels:
    app: kibana
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: kibana
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: kibana
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: kibana
        image:  docker.io/library/kibana:7.12.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1000m
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
        env:
          - name: ELASTICSEARCH_URL
            value: http://elasticsearch:9200
        ports:
        - containerPort: 5601

执行配置

kubectl apply -f kibana.yaml

在浏览器中打开http://<k8s集群任意节点IP>:31552即可，如果看到如下欢迎界面证明 Kibana 已经成功部署到了Kubernetes集群之中。

五.安装fluentd

我们使用daemonset控制器部署fluentd组件，这样可以保证集群中的每个节点都可以运行同样fluentd的pod副本，这样就可以收集k8s集群中每个节点的日志，在k8s集群中，容器应用程序的输入输出日志会重定向到node节点里的json文件中，fluentd可以tail和过滤以及把日志转换成指定的格式发送到elasticsearch集群中。除了容器日志，fluentd也可以采集kubelet、kube-proxy、docker的日志。

vim  fluentd.yaml
---
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: fluentd
  namespace: kube-logging
  labels:
    app: fluentd
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: fluentd
  labels:
    app: fluentd
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  - namespaces
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: fluentd
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: fluentd
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: fluentd
  namespace: kube-logging
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd
  namespace: kube-logging
  labels:
    app: fluentd
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: fluentd
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: fluentd
    spec:
      serviceAccount: fluentd
      serviceAccountName: fluentd
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd
        image: docker.io/fluent/fluentd-kubernetes-daemonset:v1.16-debian-elasticsearch7-1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        env:
          - name:  FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_HOST
            value: "elasticsearch.kube-logging.svc.cluster.local"
          - name:  FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_PORT
            value: "9200"
          - name: FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SCHEME
            value: "http"
          - name: FLUENTD_SYSTEMD_CONF
            value: disable
          - name: FLUENT_CONTAINER_TAIL_PARSER_TYPE
            value: "cri"
          - name: FLUENT_CONTAINER_TAIL_PARSER_TIME_FORMAT
            value: "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%L%z"
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 512Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
        - name: containers
          mountPath: /var/log/containers
          readOnly: true
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log
      - name: containers
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log/containers

执行配置

kubectl apply -f fluentd.yaml

Fluentd 启动成功后，我们可以前往 Kibana 的 Dashboard 页面中，点击左侧的Discover，可以看到如下配置页面：