问题错误描述：

使用命令cnpm install -g @vue/cli@4.0.3在cmd中安装vue cli但是报了下面的错误C:\Users\t>cnpm install -g @vue/cli@4.0.3
internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:638
    throw err;
    ^

Error: Cannot find module 'node:util'
    at Function.Module._resolveFilename (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:636:15)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:562:25)
    at Module.require (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:692:17)
    at require (internal/modules/cjs/helpers.js:25:18)
    at Object.<anonymous> (C:\Users\t\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\cnpm\bin\cnpm:3:15)
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:778:30)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:789:10)
    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:653:32)
    at tryModuleLoad (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:593:12)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:585:3)

解决办法：我是通过执行命令 npm install -g @vue/cli@4.0.3解决的

 这个错误通常是由于环境配置问题导致的。下面有几种可能的解决方案：
1. 确保你已经正确安装了Node.js。你可以在命令行中运行`node -v`来确认Node.js是否已经正确安装。如果没有安装Node.js，请前往Node.js官方网站（https://nodejs.org/）下载并安装最新版本。
2. 尝试使用`npm`命令而不是`cnpm`命令进行安装。`cnpm`是淘宝镜像提供的一个npm镜像工具，有时可能会出现一些兼容性问题。你可以尝试使用`npm install -g @vue/cli@4.0.3`命令来安装Vue CLI。
3. 清空npm缓存并重新安装。在命令行中运行以下命令：
```
npm cache clean --force
```
然后再运行`npm install -g @vue/cli@4.0.3`命令来重新安装Vue CLI。
如果上述方法都无法解决问题，可能存在其他环境或配置问题。你可以尝试在Vue CLI的官方GitHub页面（https://github.com/vuejs/vue-cli）上查找类似的问题，并查看解决方案。另外，你也可以尝试使用其他方式安装Vue CLI，比如使用yarn命令来安装。

最后结果：

C:\Users\t>npm install -g @vue/cli@4.0.3
npm WARN deprecated request@2.88.2: request has been deprecated, see https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142
npm WARN deprecated request-promise-native@1.0.9: request-promise-native has been deprecated because it extends the now deprecated request package, see https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142
npm WARN deprecated shortid@2.2.16: Package no longer supported. Contact Support at https://www.npmjs.com/support for more info.
npm WARN deprecated @hapi/joi@15.1.1: Switch to 'npm install joi'
npm WARN deprecated @hapi/bourne@1.3.2: This version has been deprecated and is no longer supported or maintained
npm WARN deprecated @hapi/topo@3.1.6: This version has been deprecated and is no longer supported or maintained
npm WARN deprecated @hapi/address@2.1.4: Moved to 'npm install @sideway/address'
npm WARN deprecated @hapi/hoek@8.5.1: This version has been deprecated and is no longer supported or maintained
npm WARN deprecated har-validator@5.1.5: this library is no longer supported
npm WARN deprecated uuid@3.4.0: Please upgrade  to version 7 or higher.  Older versions may use Math.random() in certain circumstances, which is known to be problematic.  See https://v8.dev/blog/math-random for details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-server-express@2.26.1: The `apollo-server-express` package is part of Apollo Server v2 and v3, which are now deprecated (end-of-life October 22nd 2023). This package's functionality is now found in the `@apollo/server` package. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/previous-versions/ for more details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-server-types@0.10.0: The `apollo-server-types` package is part of Apollo Server v2 and v3, which are now deprecated (end-of-life October 22nd 2023). This package's functionality is now found in the `@apollo/server` package. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/previous-versions/ for more details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-server-core@2.26.1: The `apollo-server-core` package is part of Apollo Server v2 and v3, which are now deprecated (end-of-life October 22nd 2023). This package's functionality is now found in the `@apollo/server` package. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/previous-versions/ for more details.
npm WARN deprecated subscriptions-transport-ws@0.9.19: The `subscriptions-transport-ws` package is no longer maintained. We recommend you use `graphql-ws` instead. For help migrating Apollo software to `graphql-ws`, see https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/data/subscriptions/#switching-from-subscriptions-transport-ws    For general help using `graphql-ws`, see https://github.com/enisdenjo/graphql-ws/blob/master/README.md
npm WARN deprecated graphql-tools@4.0.8: This package has been deprecated and now it only exports makeExecutableSchema.\nAnd it will no longer receive updates.\nWe recommend you to migrate to scoped packages such as @graphql-tools/schema, @graphql-tools/utils and etc.\nCheck out https://www.graphql-tools.com to learn what package you should use instead
npm WARN deprecated apollo-datasource@0.10.0: The `apollo-datasource` package is part of Apollo Server v2 and v3, which are now deprecated (end-of-life October 22nd 2023). See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/previous-versions/ for more details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-reporting-protobuf@0.8.0: The `apollo-reporting-protobuf` package is part of Apollo Server v2 and v3, which are now deprecated (end-of-life October 22nd 2023). This package's functionality is now found in the `@apollo/usage-reporting-protobuf` package. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/previous-versions/ for more details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-server-caching@0.7.0: This package is part of the legacy caching implementation used by Apollo Server v2 and v3, and is no longer maintained. We recommend you switch to the newer Keyv-based implementation (which is compatible with all versions of Apollo Server). See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/v3/performance/cache-backends#legacy-caching-implementation for more details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-server-env@3.2.0: The `apollo-server-env` package is part of Apollo Server v2 and v3, which are now deprecated (end-of-life October 22nd 2023). This package's functionality is now found in the `@apollo/utils.fetcher` package. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/previous-versions/ for more details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-cache-control@0.15.0: The functionality provided by the `apollo-cache-control` package is built in to `apollo-server-core` starting with Apollo Server 3. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/migration/#cachecontrol for details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-server-errors@2.5.0: The `apollo-server-errors` package is part of Apollo Server v2 and v3, which are now deprecated (end-of-life October 22nd 2023). This package's functionality is now found in the `@apollo/server` package. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/previous-versions/ for more details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-server-plugin-base@0.14.0: The `apollo-server-plugin-base` package is part of Apollo Server v2 and v3, which are now deprecated (end-of-life October 22nd 2023). This package's functionality is now found in the `@apollo/server` package. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/previous-versions/ for more details.
npm WARN deprecated apollo-tracing@0.16.0: The `apollo-tracing` package is no longer part of Apollo Server 3. See https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/migration/#tracing for details
npm WARN deprecated graphql-extensions@0.16.0: The `graphql-extensions` API has been removed from Apollo Server 3. Use the plugin API instead: https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/integrations/plugins/
npm WARN deprecated source-map-resolve@0.5.3: See https://github.com/lydell/source-map-resolve#deprecated
npm WARN deprecated source-map-url@0.4.1: See https://github.com/lydell/source-map-url#deprecated
npm WARN deprecated urix@0.1.0: Please see https://github.com/lydell/urix#deprecated
npm WARN deprecated resolve-url@0.2.1: https://github.com/lydell/resolve-url#deprecated
C:\Users\t\AppData\Roaming\npm\vue -> C:\Users\t\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\@vue\cli\bin\vue.js

> core-js-pure@3.32.0 postinstall C:\Users\t\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\@vue\cli\node_modules\core-js-pure
> node -e "try{require('./postinstall')}catch(e){}"

Thank you for using core-js ( https://github.com/zloirock/core-js ) for polyfilling JavaScript standard library!

The project needs your help! Please consider supporting core-js:
> https://opencollective.com/core-js
> https://patreon.com/zloirock
> https://boosty.to/zloirock
> bitcoin: bc1qlea7544qtsmj2rayg0lthvza9fau63ux0fstcz

I highly recommend reading this: https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/blob/master/docs/2023-02-14-so-whats-next.md


> @apollo/protobufjs@1.2.2 postinstall C:\Users\t\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\@vue\cli\node_modules\@apollo\protobufjs
> node scripts/postinstall


> ejs@2.7.4 postinstall C:\Users\t\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\@vue\cli\node_modules\ejs
> node ./postinstall.js

Thank you for installing EJS: built with the Jake JavaScript build tool (https://jakejs.com/)

npm WARN node-fetch@2.6.12 requires a peer of encoding@^0.1.0 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.
npm WARN ws@7.5.9 requires a peer of bufferutil@^4.0.1 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.
npm WARN ws@7.5.9 requires a peer of utf-8-validate@^5.0.2 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.

+ @vue/cli@4.0.3
added 916 packages from 561 contributors in 44.577s

C:\Users\t>vue -V
@vue/cli 4.0.3

C:\Users\t>