使用ansible脚本安装一个k8s集群

这个脚本基本上覆盖了k8s集群安装的各个环节，包括安装docker、kubernetes、kubectl、helm等基础组件，以及配置kubernetes集群、安装网络插件、安装dashboard、安装metrics-server等。注：本脚本用于安装Kubernetes v1.21.4 版本的集群，适用于CentOS 7操作系统。希望这些注释对您有所帮助！

喝醉酒的小白

1038人浏览 · 2023-04-26 22:57:40

喝醉酒的小白 · 2023-04-26 22:57:40 发布

V1

注释已添加到代码中，如下所示：

---
- name: Install Kubernetes cluster  # 定义Ansible Playbook的名称
  hosts: all  # 指定要在哪些主机上运行脚本
  become: true  # 以超级用户权限运行脚本

  vars:  # 定义变量
    k8s_version: "1.18.2-00"  # Kubernetes版本
    pod_subnet: "10.244.0.0/16"  # Pod网络的CIDR
    service_subnet: "10.96.0.0/12"  # Service网络的CIDR
    master_ip: "192.168.0.1"  # Kubernetes控制平面的IP地址
    nodes: "{{ groups['k8s_nodes'] }}"  # 要加入集群的节点列表

  tasks:  # 定义任务列表
  - name: Install Docker  # 安装Docker
    apt:
      name: docker.io
      state: present
    tags:
      - docker

  - name: Add Kubernetes apt key  # 添加Kubernetes apt key
    apt_key:
      url: https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg
      state: present
    tags:
      - k8s

  - name: Add Kubernetes apt repository  # 添加Kubernetes apt repository
    apt_repository:
      repo: deb http://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main
      state: present
    tags:
      - k8s

  - name: Install Kubernetes components  # 安装Kubernetes组件
    apt:
      name: "{{ item }}"
      state: present
      update_cache: yes
    with_items:
      - kubelet={{ k8s_version }}
      - kubeadm={{ k8s_version }}
      - kubectl={{ k8s_version }}
    tags:
      - k8s

  - name: Initialize Kubernetes master  # 初始化Kubernetes主节点
    command: kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr={{ pod_subnet }} --service-cidr={{ service_subnet }} --apiserver-advertise-address={{ master_ip }}
    register: kubeadm_output
    when: inventory_hostname == groups['k8s_master'][0]  # 只在第一个Kubernetes主节点上运行
    tags:
      - k8s

  - name: Copy Kubernetes configuration to user's home directory  # 将Kubernetes配置文件复制到用户主目录
    command: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube && cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
    environment:
      HOME: "{{ lookup('env','HOME') }}"
    when: inventory_hostname == groups['k8s_master'][0]  # 只在第一个Kubernetes主节点上运行
    tags:
      - k8s

  - name: Install Flannel pod network  # 安装Flannel作为Pod网络
    command: kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
    when: inventory_hostname == groups['k8s_master'][0]  # 只在第一个Kubernetes主节点上运行
    tags:
      - k8s

  - name: Join Kubernetes nodes to the cluster  # 加入节点到Kubernetes集群
    command: "{{ kubeadm_output.stdout_lines[-1] }} --node-name {{ inventory_hostname }}"
    when: inventory_hostname in nodes and kubeadm_output is defined  # 只在要加入集群的节点上运行
    tags:
      - k8s

希望这些注释对您有所帮助！

V2

以下是一个安装k8s集群的ansible脚本，注释已经标注在代码中：

# 安装k8s集群的ansible脚本

# 定义主机组
[kubernetes]
k8s-master ansible_host=192.168.1.100
k8s-node1 ansible_host=192.168.1.101
k8s-node2 ansible_host=192.168.1.102

# 安装docker
[install_docker]
k8s-master
k8s-node1
k8s-node2

# 安装kubernetes
[install_kubernetes]
k8s-master
k8s-node1
k8s-node2

# 安装docker并配置kubernetes的yum源和kubernetes-cni的yum源
[install_docker_kubernetes_cni]
k8s-master
k8s-node1
k8s-node2

# 安装kubectl命令行工具
[install_kubectl]
k8s-master

# 安装helm
[install_helm]
k8s-master

# 配置kubernetes集群
[configure_kubernetes]
k8s-master

# 安装kubernetes-dashboard
[install_kubernetes_dashboard]
k8s-master

# 安装基础组件
[install_kubernetes_base_components]
k8s-master
k8s-node1
k8s-node2

# 安装网络插件
[install_kubernetes_network_plugins]
k8s-master
k8s-node1
k8s-node2

# 安装metrics-server
[install_metrics_server]
k8s-master
k8s-node1
k8s-node2


# 安装docker
[install_docker]
# 安装docker依赖包
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
# 添加docker的yum源
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# 安装docker
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
# 启动docker
systemctl start docker
# 设置docker开机自启动
systemctl enable docker

# 安装kubernetes
[install_kubernetes]
# 添加kubernetes的yum源
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
# 安装kubernetes
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
# 启动kubelet
systemctl start kubelet
# 设置kubelet开机自启动
systemctl enable kubelet

# 安装docker并配置kubernetes的yum源和kubernetes-cni的yum源
[install_docker_kubernetes_cni]
# 安装docker
include install_docker
# 添加kubernetes-cni的yum源
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes-cni.repo
[kubernetes-cni]
name=Kubernetes CNI
baseurl=https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.7/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/containernetworking/plugins/master/docs/deprecation-notices/containernetworking-key.gpg
EOF

# 安装kubectl命令行工具
[install_kubectl]
# 安装kubectl
yum install -y kubectl

# 安装helm
[install_helm]
# 下载helm压缩包
curl -fsSL -o get_helm.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/master/scripts/get-helm-3
# 安装helm
chmod 700 get_helm.sh
./get_helm.sh

# 配置kubernetes集群
[configure_kubernetes]
# 初始化kubernetes集群
kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=192.168.0.0/16
# 将kubernetes配置文件复制到普通用户目录下
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
# 安装网络插件
kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.14/manifests/calico.yaml

# 安装kubernetes-dashboard
[install_kubernetes_dashboard]
# 安装kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta8/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
# 创建admin用户
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta8/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin-sa
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin-sa --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=default:dashboard-admin-sa
# 获取admin用户的token
kubectl -n default describe secret $(kubectl -n default get secret | grep dashboard-admin-sa-token | awk '{print $1}') | grep 'token:'

# 安装基础组件
[install_kubernetes_base_components]
# 安装metrics-server
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/latest/download/components.yaml

# 安装网络插件
[install_kubernetes_network_plugins]
# 安装calico网络插件
kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.14/manifests/calico.yaml

# 安装metrics-server
[install_metrics_server]
# 安装metrics-server
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/latest/download/components.yaml

这个脚本基本上覆盖了k8s集群安装的各个环节，包括安装docker、kubernetes、kubectl、helm等基础组件，以及配置kubernetes集群、安装网络插件、安装dashboard、安装metrics-server等。

V3

注：本脚本用于安装Kubernetes v1.21.4 版本的集群，适用于CentOS 7操作系统。

安装依赖软件包

- name: Install required packages
  yum:
    name:
      - yum-utils
      - device-mapper-persistent-data
      - lvm2
    state: present

添加Docker仓库并安装Docker

- name: Add Docker repository
  yum_repository:
    name: docker-ce-stable
    description: Docker CE Stable - $basearch
    baseurl: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stable
    gpgcheck: yes
    gpgkey: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    enabled: yes
  when: not docker_installed.stat.exists

- name: Install Docker
  yum:
    name: docker-ce
    state: present
  when: not docker_installed.stat.exists

启动Docker服务并设置开机自启动

- name: Start Docker service
  service:
    name: docker
    state: started
    enabled: yes

添加Kubernetes仓库并安装Kubernetes组件

- name: Add Kubernetes repository
  yum_repository:
    name: kubernetes
    description: Kubernetes
    baseurl: https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
    enabled: yes
    gpgcheck: yes
    gpgkey: https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg

- name: Install Kubernetes components
  yum:
    name:
      - kubectl
      - kubelet
      - kubeadm
    state: present

配置Kubernetes集群

- name: Initialize Kubernetes cluster
  command: kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
  register: kubeadm_init_output
  changed_when: "'Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully' in kubeadm_init_output.stdout"

- name: Copy Kubernetes config to user's home directory
  copy:
    src: /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
    dest: "{{ lookup('env','HOME') }}/.kube/config"
    owner: "{{ lookup('env','USER') }}"
    group: "{{ lookup('env','USER') }}"

安装Cilium CNI组件

- name: Install Cilium CNI plugin
  shell: kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cilium/cilium/v1.10/install/kubernetes/quick-install.yaml
  when: "'Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully' in kubeadm_init_output.stdout"

安装Local PV CSI组件

- name: Install Local PV CSI plugin
  shell: kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes-csi/csi-driver-localpv/master/deploy/kubernetes/localpv-storageclass.yaml
  when: "'Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully' in kubeadm_init_output.stdout"

加入其他节点

- name: Join worker nodes to Kubernetes cluster
  command: "{{ hostvars[item]['kubeadm_join_command']['stdout'] }}"
  with_items: "{{ groups['worker'] }}"
  when: "'Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully' in kubeadm_init_output.stdout"

完成提示信息

- name: Print completion message
  debug:
    msg: "Kubernetes cluster installation completed successfully."

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