Ubuntu20和22的 /etc/netplan/*.yaml 一些配置静态IP的文件收集

Ubuntu22.04Desktop原始Ubuntu22.04Server原始注释中的subiquity是服务安装程序的名称开头的数字00或01等, 有优先级的作用Ubuntu22, server版和desktop版使用netplan管理下层的网络工具netplannetplanUbuntu20.04 Server版。

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kfepiza

10581人浏览 · 2022-10-16 06:30:32

kfepiza · 2022-10-16 06:30:32 发布

Ubuntu20和22的 /etc/netplan/*.yaml 一些配置静态IP的文件收集

文章目录

Ubuntu20和22的 /etc/netplan/*.yaml 一些配置静态IP的文件收集

Ubuntu22.04Desktop原始 /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

cat /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager

Ubuntu22.04Server原始 /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml
注释中的 subiquity 是服务安装程序的名称
开头的数字00或01等, 有优先级的作用

cat /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml

# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
  ethernets:
    ens33:
      dhcp4: true
  version: 2

Ubuntu22, server版和desktop版使用netplan管理下层不同的网络工具

Server版用 netplan 配置 systemd-networkd
```
systemctl status systemd-networkd
```
Desktop版用 netplan 配置 NetworkManager
```
systemctl status NetworkManager
```

Ubuntu20.04 Server版 /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml

cat /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml

# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
  ethernets:
    enp0s3:
      dhcp4: true
  version: 2

221015 , 安装Ubuntu22.04Server版, 安装过程中设置网络

在这里插入图片描述
👆安装操作系统过程中,通过安装程序设置网络,
系统安装好后,/etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml的内容为👇

# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
  ethernets:
    ens33:
      addresses:
      - 192.168.168.220/24
      gateway4: 192.168.168.2
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 192.168.168.2
        search:
        - 192.168.168.2
        - 8.8.8.8
        - 8.8.4.4
        - 1.1.1.1
  version: 2

👆 Ubuntu22.04Server版, 来自安装程序的设置 ,
奇怪的是, 自带手册man netplan 上说, gateway4, gateway6 Deprecated(不赞成使用,已过时)

gateway4, gateway6 (scalar)
       Deprecated, see Default routes.  Set default gateway for IPv4/6, for manual address configuration.  This requires  setting  addresses  too.
       Gateway  IPs  must be in a form recognized by inet_pton(3).  There should only be a single gateway per IP address family set in your global
       config, to make it unambiguous.  If you need multiple default routes, please define them via routing-policy.

       Example for IPv4: gateway4: 172.16.0.1 Example for IPv6: gateway6: "2001:4::1"

经测试, 安装程序 ‘subiquity’ 生成的配置, 原封不动执行 sudo netplan apply` ,
虽然能生效, 但是会报👇

** (generate:51833): WARNING **: 08:43:30.441: `gateway4` has been deprecated, use default routes instead.
See the 'Default routes' section of the documentation for more details.

** (process:51831): WARNING **: 08:43:32.216: `gateway4` has been deprecated, use default routes instead.
See the 'Default routes' section of the documentation for more details.

在这里插入图片描述

来自 Ubuntu22.04 , `man netplan` 的摘抄

这是具有多个IPv4地址和多个网关的静态配置接口的示例，
具有相同的路由度量级别和静态DNS名称服务器（本例中为Google DNS）：

#This is an example of a static-configured interface with multiple IPv4 addresses and multiple gateways with networkd, with equal route	metric levels, and static DNS nameservers (Google DNS for this example):

	  network:
		version: 2
		renderer: networkd
		ethernets:
		  eno1:
		    addresses:
		    - 10.0.0.10/24
		    - 11.0.0.11/24
		    nameservers:
		      addresses:
			- 8.8.8.8
			- 8.8.4.4
		    routes:
		    - to: 0.0.0.0/0
		      via: 10.0.0.1
		      metric: 100
		    - to: 0.0.0.0/0
		      via: 11.0.0.1
		      metric: 100

对于设置静态Ip
👆上方例子可以看出, 以前的DNS是 nameservers 下的 addresses ,
👇下方的例子可看出nameservers 下的 search 值是字母名称, 可以不出现

This is a complex example which shows most available features:

#This is a complex example which shows most available features:

	      network:
		version: 2
		# if specified, can only realistically have that value, as networkd cannot
		# render wifi/3G.
		renderer: NetworkManager
		ethernets:
		  # opaque ID for physical interfaces, only referred to by other stanzas
		  id0:
		    match:
		      macaddress: 00:11:22:33:44:55
		    wakeonlan: true
		    dhcp4: true
		    addresses:
		      - 192.168.14.2/24
		      - 192.168.14.3/24
		      - "2001:1::1/64"
		    nameservers:
		      search: [foo.local, bar.local]
		      addresses: [8.8.8.8]
		    routes:
		      - to: default
			via: 192.168.14.1
		      - to: default
			via: "2001:1::2"
		      - to: 0.0.0.0/0
			via: 11.0.0.1
			table: 70
			on-link: true
			metric: 3
		    routing-policy:
		      - to: 10.0.0.0/8
			from: 192.168.14.2/24
			table: 70
			priority: 100
		      - to: 20.0.0.0/8
			from: 192.168.14.3/24
			table: 70
			priority: 50
		    # only networkd can render on-link routes and routing policies
		    renderer: networkd
		  lom:
		    match:
		      driver: ixgbe
		    # you are responsible for setting tight enough match rules
		    # that only match one device if you use set-name
		    set-name: lom1
		    dhcp6: true
		  switchports:
		    # all cards on second PCI bus unconfigured by
		    # themselves, will be added to br0 below
		    match:
		      name: enp2*
		    mtu: 1280
		wifis:
		  all-wlans:
		    # useful on a system where you know there is
		    # only ever going to be one device
		    match: {}
		    access-points:
		      "Joe's home":
			# mode defaults to "infrastructure" (client)
			password: "s3kr1t"
		  # this creates an AP on wlp1s0 using hostapd
		  # no match rules, thus the ID is the interface name
		  wlp1s0:
		    access-points:
		      "guest":
			 mode: ap
			 # no WPA config implies default of open
		bridges:
		  # the key name is the name for virtual (created) interfaces
		  # no match: and set-name: allowed
		  br0:
		    # IDs of the components; switchports expands into multiple interfaces
		    interfaces: [wlp1s0, switchports]
		    dhcp4: true

官方例子可以看出, 以前的DNS是 nameservers 下的 addresses ,
nameservers 下的 search 值是字母名称, 可以不出现

自设一些配置到 VMware 下的 Ubuntu22.04Server 测试成功

sudo vi /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml

network:
  ethernets:
    ens33:
      addresses:
      - 192.168.168.204/24
      gateway4: 192.168.168.2
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 192.168.168.2 # 本地
        - 8.8.8.8 # 谷歌
        - 8.8.4.4
        - 1.1.1.1
        - 223.6.6.6 # 阿里
        - 114.114.114.114
        - 180.76.76.76 # 百度
        - 119.29.29.29 # 腾讯
        - 101.226.4.6
        - 123.125.81.6
        search:
        - 192.168.168.2 # 本地
        - 8.8.8.8 # 谷歌
        - 8.8.4.4
        - 1.1.1.1
        - 223.6.6.6 # 阿里
        - 114.114.114.114
        - 180.76.76.76 # 百度
        - 119.29.29.29 # 腾讯
        - 101.226.4.6
        - 123.125.81.6
  version: 2

👆执行sudo netplan apply能成功, 但会报
在这里插入图片描述
所以改为👇

network:
  ethernets:
    ens33:
      addresses:
      - 192.168.168.204/24
      # gateway4: 192.168.168.2  # 2204以前的网关
      routes:
        - to: default # default 等效 0.0.0.0/0 等效 0/0   # could be 0/0 or 0.0.0.0/0 optionally
          via: 192.168.168.2  # 2204的新网关
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 192.168.168.2 # 本地
        - 8.8.8.8 # 谷歌
        - 8.8.4.4
        - 1.1.1.1
        - 223.6.6.6 # 阿里
        - 114.114.114.114
        - 180.76.76.76 # 百度
        - 119.29.29.29 # 腾讯
        - 101.226.4.6
        - 123.125.81.6
        search:
        - 192.168.168.2 # 本地
        - 8.8.8.8 # 谷歌
        - 8.8.4.4
        - 1.1.1.1
        - 223.6.6.6 # 阿里
        - 114.114.114.114
        - 180.76.76.76 # 百度
        - 119.29.29.29 # 腾讯
        - 101.226.4.6
        - 123.125.81.6
  version: 2

下面的来自网络摘抄

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ens3:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses:
        - 192.168.121.221/24
      gateway4: 192.168.121.1
      nameservers:
          addresses: [8.8.8.8, 1.1.1.1]

20.04 server

network:
  ethernets:
    eth0: #配置的网卡的名称
      addresses: [10.248.201.18/23] #配置的静态ip地址和掩码
      dhcp4: false #关闭DHCP
      optional: true
      gateway4: 10.248.201.1 #网关地址
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4,1.1.1.1] #DNS服务器地址，多个用","分隔
  version: 2

20.04server

network:
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      addresses:
      - 10.248.201.18/23
      gateway4: 10.248.201.1 # ubuntu20.04server , 2204版把 gateway4 换成了 routes
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 8.8.8.8
        - 8.8.4.4
      search: []  # 2204版 search 也不再使用
  version: 2

22.04server

network:
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      addresses:
      - 10.248.201.18/23
      routes:  # 在ubuntu22.04中，gateway4已弃用了，替代的参数为：routes，另外search也不再使用
      - to: default
        via: 10.248.201.1
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 8.8.8.8
        - 8.8.4.4
  version: 2

22.04 server

# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
  ethernets:
    enp0s3:
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: false
      addresses:
        - 192.168.1.227/24
      routes:
        - to: default
          via: 192.168.1.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [192.168.1.1]
  version: 2

22.04 server

network:
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: false
      addresses: 
        - 192.168.10.120/24
      optional: true
      routes:
        - to: default
          via: 192.168.10.1
      set-name: eth0
      nameservers:
        addresses: 
          - 223.5.5.5
          - 223.6.6.6
        search:
          - localhost
          - local
  version: 2

21.04

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ens32:
      addresses:
        - 192.168.187.101/24
      gateway4: 192.168.187.2
      nameservers:
          search: [mydomain, otherdomain]
          addresses: [114.114.114.114, 8.8.8.8]

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      addresses:
        - 10.0.0.10/8
      gateway4: 10.0.0.1
      nameservers:
          search: [mydomain, otherdomain]
          addresses: [10.0.0.5, 1.1.1.1]

22.04 desktop

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp0s3:
      ## 可以ip a查看以太网连接名称
      dhcp4: true
    enp0s8:
      # addresses: []
      ## addresses添加网络掩码，如192.168.56.3/24
      addresses: [192.168.5.3/24]
      # gateway4: 10.10.10.1
      ## gateway4已经废弃，推荐使用routes
      routes:
      - to: "default"
        via: "192.168.5.1"
      nameservers:
        search: [mydomain , otherdomain ]
        addresses: [192.168.5.1 , 114.114.114.114]
      optional: true

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp0s25:
      addresses: [192.168.5.243/24]
      routes:
        - to: default
          via: 192.168.5.1
      nameservers: 
        addresses: [192.168.5.1, 114.114.114.114]

netplan

netplan generate ：生成与后端管理工具对应的配置；
netplan apply ：应用配置，必要时重启管理工具；
netplan try ：在配置得到确认之后才应用，如果配置存在错误，则回滚；
netplan get：获取当前 netplan 配置；
netplan set：修改当前 netplan 的配置。

sudo netplan generate # 生成与后端管理工具对应的配置；

sudo netplan apply # 应用配置，必要时重启管理工具；

sudo netplan --debug apply # 调试,返回错误信息；

sudo netplan try # 在配置得到确认之后才应用，如果配置存在错误，则回滚，类似test；

sudo netplan get # 获取当前 netplan 配置；

sudo netplan set # 修改当前 netplan 的配置。

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kfepiza

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Ubuntu20和22的 /etc/netplan/*.yaml 一些配置静态IP的文件收集

kfepiza

Ubuntu20和22的 /etc/netplan/*.yaml 一些配置静态IP的文件收集

文章目录

221015 , 安装Ubuntu22.04Server版, 安装过程中设置网络

来自 Ubuntu22.04 , man netplan 的摘抄

自设一些配置到 VMware 下的 Ubuntu22.04Server 测试成功

下面的来自网络摘抄

netplan

所有评论(0)

kfepiza

来自 Ubuntu22.04 , `man netplan` 的摘抄