Kubernetes(k8s) 用于协调高度可用的计算机集群，kind名字来源于 Kubernetes In Docker，顾名思义，就是将 k8s 所需要的所有组件，全部部署在一个docker容器中，可以在一台节点上很方便的部署 Kubernetes(k8s) 集群环境，方便用于学习和测试使用。

其实，可以直接在 docker-desktop 里开启 Kubernetes 集群，更方便体验k8s集群，而且在k8s中部署时可以拉取到docker里的镜像！​​​​​​​

一、环境

Win10：直接在win10使用 Kind，没有使用虚拟机。Windows必须支持虚拟化，可以执行“systeminfo”命令来确认。

kind

kind 是一种使用 Docker 容器 nodes 运行本地 Kubernetes 集群的工具。 kind 主要是为了测试 Kubernetes 自身而设计的，但它也可用于本地开发或 CI。 请按照以下说明为 Istio 安装准备好 kind 集群。

准备

• 为了使用 kind，还需要安装 docker。
• 安装最新版本的 kind。

二、安装

下载 Kind ，下载地址。Kind 是绿色软件，下载后改名 kind.exe放到 C:\Windows\目录下即可。
下载 kubectl，下载地址。kubectl 是管理 Kubernetes 集群的命令行工具，也是绿色软件，下载后放到 C:\Windows\目录下即可。
安装 Docker ，官网下载安装包，一路下一步安装即可。安装之后，需要打开一次来确认安装是否成功。

验证安装（需配置好环境变量）：

三、安装步骤

1. 使用下列命令创建一个集群：

   kind create cluster --name istio-testing

   --name 用于为集群指定一个名字。默认情况下，集群名为 kind。

   您可以使用下面的命令来创建一个关联外部负载均衡的 kind 集群。 否则您需要使用服务的 node 端口访问网关或其他 k8s 负载均衡类型的服务。因为 kind 默认不提供外部负载均衡。

   $ samples/kind-lb/setupkind.sh --cluster-name istio-testing

kind create cluster

四、验证一下

kubectl cluster-info --context kind-kind

运行结果截图：

删除集群：

kind delete cluster

五、为 kind 设置操作界面

kind 不像 minikube 一样内置了操作界面。但仍然可以设置一个基于网页的 Kubernetes 界面，以查看集群。 参考以下说明来为 kind 设置操作界面。

离线安装k8s仪表板方法（推荐）

kubernetes-dashboard.yaml内容如下：

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]

---

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      securityContext:
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.5.1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
    spec:
      securityContext:
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.7
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}

 执行以下命令：

kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

1. 运行以下命令以部署操作界面（在线安装方法）

   kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.5.1/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

2. 验证操作界面已经部署并且正在运行。

   kubectl get pod -n kubernetes-dashboard
   

   

3. 授权kube-system默认服务账号

   # kube-system-default.yaml
   apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
   kind: ClusterRoleBinding
   metadata:
     name: kube-system-default
     labels:
       k8s-app: kube-system
   roleRef:
     apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
     kind: ClusterRole
     name: cluster-admin
   subjects:
     - kind: ServiceAccount
       name: default
       namespace: kube-system
   
   ---
   
   apiVersion: v1
   kind: Secret
   metadata:
     name: default
     namespace: kube-system
     labels:
       k8s-app: kube-system
     annotations:
       kubernetes.io/service-account.name: default
   type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
   

   kubectl apply -f kube-system-default.yaml

4. 需要用 Token 来登录到操作界面，使用以下命令获取 token

   对于Windows环境

   $TOKEN=((kubectl -n kube-system describe secret default | Select-String "token:") -split " +")[1]
   kubectl config set-credentials docker-desktop --token="${TOKEN}"
   echo $TOKEN

   对于Mac环境

   TOKEN=$(kubectl -n kube-system describe secret default| awk '$1=="token:"{print $2}')
   kubectl config set-credentials docker-desktop --token="${TOKEN}"
   echo $TOKEN

   运行结果：最好将 token 保存起来，不然每次登录到操作界面时得重新运行上述步骤 4。复制token的值，粘贴到登录操作界面。

5. 使用 kubectl 命令行工具运行以下命令以访问操作界面：

   kubectl proxy

   # 执行命令结果（注意此窗口不能关闭，否则下一步操作无法成功）​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

   登录k8s仪表板，在浏览器地址栏中输入以下内容

   http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

参考以下资料

https://blog.csdn.net/shida_csdn/article/details/85111941?spm=1001.2014.3001.5506

GitHub - AliyunContainerService/k8s-for-docker-desktop: 为Docker Desktop for Mac/Windows开启Kubernetes和Istio。