几年前写过一个 bug，根因很土：该深拷贝的地方没深拷贝，副本一改，原件跟着变。排查的时候老板以为动的是库里的数据，其实就是一个本地对象被共享了。

先把词说清楚：

浅拷贝：值类型复制一份；引用类型复制的是引用，两边还指着同一个子对象。你改副本里的引用成员，原件也会变。

只复制对象自身的一层：字段/属性里如果是值类型，会复制一份值；如果是引用类型，复制的是引用（指针），新旧对象仍指向同一块堆上的子对象。

深拷贝：引用链上也建新对象，改副本不该动到原件的嵌套数据。

从根对象开始，递归地为引用类型也创建新实例，并把内容复制过去，直到整棵「对象图」在逻辑上独立。改拷贝不应意外改动原对象里的嵌套数据。

ICloneable：能深，但接口不保证

ICloneable 只有一个 object Clone()，文档不会替你承诺浅还是深，看实现。你想做深拷贝，可以，全写在 Clone() 里就行。

浅拷贝场景下，改拷贝里的引用类型字段，往往会影响原对象（反之亦然），除非你再给那个字段赋一个新实例。

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