1.官方文档

更改 Kubernetes 软件包仓库

升级 kubeadm 集群

2.故障现象

kubernetes更新日志https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/CHANGELOG查看K8S更新日志，发现K8S在两周前发布v1.29.2

已安装kubeadm v1.28.2

ubuntu已配置阿里云软件源 无法找到kubeadm1.28.2以上版本

root@k8s-master:~# kubeadm version
kubeadm version: &version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"28", GitVersion:"v1.28.2", GitCommit:"89a4ea3e1e4ddd7f7572286090359983e0387b2f", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2023-09-13T09:34:32Z", GoVersion:"go1.20.8", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
root@k8s-master:~# apt-cache policy kubeadm
kubeadm:
  Installed: 1.28.2-00
  Candidate: 1.28.2-00
  Version table:
 *** 1.28.2-00 500
        500 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     1.28.1-00 500
        500 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 Packages
     1.28.0-00 500
        500 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 Packages
     1.27.6-00 500
        500 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 Packages

3.使用 Kubernetes 软件包仓库

root@k8s-master:~# mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings/
root@k8s-master:~# curl -fsSL https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb/Release.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg

下载 Kubernetes 软件包存储库的 GPG 公钥

root@k8s-master:~# echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb/ /" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
root@k8s-master:~# echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.29/deb/ /" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

编辑 kubernetes.list 文件，使用 Kubernetes 软件包仓库以获取到最新版本的kubeadm

root@k8s-master:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb/ /
deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.29/deb/ /

写入成功

4.更新软件包列表

root@k8s-master:~# apt-get update
Hit:1 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:2 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
Hit:3 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
Hit:4 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Hit:5 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease
Get:6 https://prod-cdn.packages.k8s.io/repositories/isv:/kubernetes:/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb  InRelease [1,189 B]
Get:7 https://prod-cdn.packages.k8s.io/repositories/isv:/kubernetes:/core:/stable:/v1.29/deb  InRelease [1,186 B]
Get:8 https://prod-cdn.packages.k8s.io/repositories/isv:/kubernetes:/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb  Packages [11.4 kB]
Get:9 https://prod-cdn.packages.k8s.io/repositories/isv:/kubernetes:/core:/stable:/v1.29/deb  Packages [5,229 B]
Fetched 19.0 kB in 3s (5,466 B/s)
Reading package lists... Done

可以看到有使用Kubernetes 软件包仓库

root@k8s-master:~# apt-cache policy kubeadm
kubeadm:
  Installed: 1.28.2-00
  Candidate: 1.29.2-1.1
  Version table:
     1.29.2-1.1 500
        500 https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.29/deb  Packages
     1.29.1-1.1 500
        500 https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.29/deb  Packages
     1.29.0-1.1 500
        500 https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.29/deb  Packages
     1.28.7-1.1 500
        500 https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb  Packages
     1.28.6-1.1 500
        500 https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb  Packages
     1.28.5-1.1 500
        500 https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb  Packages

成功！可以发现最新的kubeadm版本