1. 概述

WebService服务端是以远程接口为主的，在Java实现的WebService技术里主要依靠CXF开发框架，而这个CXF开发框架可以直接将接口发布成WebService。
CXF又分为JAX-WS和JAX-RS，JAX-WS是基于xml协议，而JAX-RS是基于Restful风格，两者的区别如下：

• RS基于Restful风格，WS基于SOAP的XML协议
• RS比WS传输的数据更少，效率更高
• WS只能传输XML数据，RS可以传输XML，也可以传输JSON

参考:

https://blog.csdn.net/liu320yj/article/details/121740367

https://www.cnblogs.com/myitnews/p/12370308.html

https://juejin.cn/post/6872881983937069063

此处讲解JAX-WS

2. 开发

2.1. maven依赖

<!--WebService-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- CXF webservice -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxf-spring-boot-starter-jaxws</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>

2.2. 新建实体类

/**
 * @Author：wangdi
 * @Date：2023/4/23 14:04
 * @Des: UserInfo
 */
@Data
@ToString
@Builder
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@XmlRootElement
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class UserInfo implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -5352429333001227976L;
    private Long id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
}

2.3. 新建接口

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebService;

/**
 * @Author：wangdi
 * @Date：2023/4/23 14:05
 * @Des: UserInfoService
 */
@WebService(name = "userInfoService", targetNamespace = "http://server.webservice.gtp.sinotrans.com")
public interface UserInfoService {

    @WebMethod(operationName = "saveUserInfo")
    void saveUserInfo(@WebParam(name = "userInfo") UserInfo userInfo);

    @WebMethod
    UserInfo getUserInfoById(@WebParam(name = "id") Long id);
}

2.4. [服务端开发] 接口实现类

import com.sinotrans.framework.common.utils.JsonUtil;
import com.sinotrans.gtp.entity.UserInfo;
import com.sinotrans.gtp.webservice.UserInfoService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.jws.WebService;

/**
 * @Author：wangdi
 * @Date：2023/4/23 14:06
 * @Des: UserInfoServiceImpl
 */
/**
 * WebService涉及到的有这些 "四解三类 ", 即四个注解，三个类
 * @WebMethod
 * @WebService
 * @WebResult
 * @WebParam
 * SpringBus
 * Endpoint
 * EndpointImpl
 *
 * 一般我们都会写一个接口，然后再写一个实现接口的实现类，但是这不是强制性的
 * @WebService 注解表明是一个webservice服务。
 *      name：对外发布的服务名, 对应于<wsdl:portType name="ServerServiceDemo"></wsdl:portType>
 *      targetNamespace：命名空间,一般是接口的包名倒序, 实现类与接口类的这个配置一定要一致这种错误
 *              Exception in thread "main" org.apache.cxf.common.i18n.UncheckedException: No operation was found with the name xxxx
 *              对应于targetNamespace="http://server.webservice.example.com"
 *      endpointInterface：服务接口全路径（如果是没有接口，直接写实现类的，该属性不用配置）, 指定做SEI（Service EndPoint Interface）服务端点接口
 *      serviceName：对应于<wsdl:service name="ServerServiceDemoImplService"></wsdl:service>
 *      portName：对应于<wsdl:port binding="tns:ServerServiceDemoImplServiceSoapBinding" name="ServerServiceDemoPort"></wsdl:port>
 *
 * @WebMethod 表示暴露的服务方法, 这里有接口ServerServiceDemo存在，在接口方法已加上@WebMethod, 所以在实现类中不用再加上，否则就要加上
 *      operationName: 接口的方法名
 *      action: 没发现又什么用处
 *      exclude: 默认是false, 用于阻止将某一继承方法公开为web服务
 *
 * @WebResult 表示方法的返回值
 *      name：返回值的名称
 *      partName：
 *      targetNamespace:
 *      header: 默认是false, 是否将参数放到头信息中，用于保护参数，默认在body中
 *
 * @WebParam
 *       name：接口的参数
 *       partName：
 *       targetNamespace:
 *       header: 默认是false, 是否将参数放到头信息中，用于保护参数，默认在body中
 *       model：WebParam.Mode.IN/OUT/INOUT
 */
@Service
@WebService(serviceName = "userInfoService", targetNamespace = "http://server.webservice.gtp.sinotrans.com", endpointInterface = "com.sinotrans.gtp.webservice.UserInfoService")
@Slf4j
public class UserInfoServiceImpl implements UserInfoService {
    @Override
    public void saveUserInfo(UserInfo userInfo) {
        System.out.println("保存用户信息成功" + userInfo.toString());
    }

    @Override
    public UserInfo getUserInfoById(Long id) {
        UserInfo zhangsan = UserInfo.builder().id(1L).username("zhangsan").password("123456").build();
        log.info(JsonUtil.toJson(zhangsan));
        return zhangsan;
    }
}

2.5. 配置类

import com.sinotrans.gtp.interceptor.WebServiceAuthInterceptor;
import com.sinotrans.gtp.webservice.AgeInfoService;
import com.sinotrans.gtp.webservice.UserInfoService;
import org.apache.cxf.Bus;
import org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.SpringBus;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.EndpointImpl;
import org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

/**
 * @Author：wangdi
 * @Date：2023/4/23 14:07
 * @Des: CXFConfig
 */
@Configuration
public class WebServiceConfig {

    @Autowired
    private UserInfoService userInfoService;

    @Autowired
    private AgeInfoService ageInfoService;
//    @Autowired
//    private WebServiceAuthInterceptor interceptor;

    /**
     * Apache CXF 核心架构是以BUS为核心，整合其他组件。
     * Bus是CXF的主干, 为共享资源提供一个可配置的场所，作用类似于Spring的ApplicationContext，这些共享资源包括
     * WSDl管理器、绑定工厂等。通过对BUS进行扩展，可以方便地容纳自己的资源，或者替换现有的资源。默认Bus实现基于Spring架构，
     * 通过依赖注入，在运行时将组件串联起来。BusFactory负责Bus的创建。默认的BusFactory是SpringBusFactory，对应于默认
     * 的Bus实现。在构造过程中，SpringBusFactory会搜索META-INF/cxf（包含在 CXF 的jar中）下的所有bean配置文件。
     * 根据这些配置文件构建一个ApplicationContext。开发者也可以提供自己的配置文件来定制Bus。
     */
    @Bean(name = Bus.DEFAULT_BUS_ID)
    public SpringBus springBus() {
        return new SpringBus();
    }

    /**
     * 设置WebService访问父路径
     * <p>
     * 此方法作用是改变项目中服务名的前缀名，此处127.0.0.1或者localhost不能访问时，请使用ipconfig查看本机ip来访问
     * 此方法被注释后, 即不改变前缀名(默认是services), wsdl访问地址为 http://127.0.0.1:8080/services/ws/api?wsdl
     * 去掉注释后wsdl访问地址为：http://127.0.0.1:8080/webServices/ws/api?wsdl
     * http://127.0.0.1:8080/soap/列出服务列表 或 http://127.0.0.1:8080/soap/ws/api?wsdl 查看实际的服务
     * 新建Servlet记得需要在启动类添加注解：@ServletComponentScan
     * 如果启动时出现错误：not loaded because DispatcherServlet Registration found non dispatcher servlet dispatcherServlet
     * 可能是springboot与cfx版本不兼容。
     * 同时在spring boot2.0.6之后的版本与xcf集成，不需要在定义以下方法，直接在application.properties配置文件中添加：
     * cxf.path=/service（默认是services）
     */
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean getRegistrationBean() {
        return new ServletRegistrationBean(new CXFServlet(), "/webServices/*");
    }

    @Bean
    public Endpoint messageEndPoint() {
        EndpointImpl endpoint = new EndpointImpl(springBus(), this.userInfoService);
        endpoint.publish("/userInfoService");
//        endpoint.getInInterceptors().add(this.interceptor);
        return endpoint;
    }

    /*用于发布多个WebService*/
//    @Bean
//    public Endpoint messageEndPoint2() {
//        EndpointImpl endpoint = new EndpointImpl(springBus(), this.ageInfoService);
//        endpoint.publish("/userInfoService");
        endpoint.getInInterceptors().add(this.interceptor);
//        return endpoint;
//    }
}

2.6. 拦截器类(如有需要)

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.cxf.binding.soap.SoapMessage;
import org.apache.cxf.binding.soap.saaj.SAAJInInterceptor;
import org.apache.cxf.interceptor.Fault;
import org.apache.cxf.phase.AbstractPhaseInterceptor;
import org.apache.cxf.phase.Phase;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

import javax.xml.soap.SOAPException;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPHeader;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage;

/**
 * @Author：wangdi
 * @Date：2023/4/23 14:10
 * @Des: WebServiceAuthInterceptor
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class WebServiceAuthInterceptor extends AbstractPhaseInterceptor<SoapMessage> {

    /**
     * 用户名
     */
    private static final String USER_NAME = "wangdi";
    /**
     * 密码
     */
    private static final String USER_PASSWORD = "wangdi.com";
    private static final String NAME_SPACE_URI = "http://server.webservice.gtp.sinotrans.com";
    /**
     * 创建拦截器
     */
    private SAAJInInterceptor interceptor = new SAAJInInterceptor();

    public WebServiceAuthInterceptor() {
        super(Phase.PRE_PROTOCOL);
        //添加拦截
        super.getAfter().add(SAAJInInterceptor.class.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public void handleMessage(SoapMessage message) throws Fault {
        //获取指定消息
        SOAPMessage soapMessage = message.getContent(SOAPMessage.class);
        if (null == soapMessage) {
            this.interceptor.handleMessage(message);
            soapMessage = message.getContent(SOAPMessage.class);
        }
        //SOAP头信息
        SOAPHeader header = null;
        try {
            header = soapMessage.getSOAPHeader();
        } catch (SOAPException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        if (null == header) {
            throw new Fault(new IllegalAccessException("没有Header信息，无法实现用户认证处理!"));
        }
        //SOAP是基于XML文件结构进行传输的，所以如果要想获取认证信息就必须进行相关的结构约定
        NodeList usernameNodeList = header.getElementsByTagNameNS(NAME_SPACE_URI, "username");
        NodeList passwordNodeList = header.getElementsByTagNameNS(NAME_SPACE_URI, "password");
        if (usernameNodeList.getLength() < 1) {
            throw new Fault(new IllegalAccessException("没有用户信息，无法实现用户认证处理!"));
        }
        if (passwordNodeList.getLength() < 1) {
            throw new Fault(new IllegalAccessException("没有密码信息，无法实现用户认证处理!"));
        }
        String username = usernameNodeList.item(0).getTextContent().trim();
        String password = passwordNodeList.item(0).getTextContent().trim();
        if (USER_NAME.equals(username) && USER_PASSWORD.equals(password)) {
            log.info("用户访问认证成功!");
        } else {
            SOAPException soapException = new SOAPException("用户认证失败!");
            log.info("用户认证失败!");
            throw new Fault(soapException);
        }
    }
}

3. 启动

http://localhost:8080/webServices/

点击链接可以查看到具体的接口信息

4. [客户端] 开发

4.1. 新建客户端拦截器类(如有需要)

对应2.4

import org.apache.cxf.binding.soap.SoapMessage;
import org.apache.cxf.helpers.DOMUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.interceptor.Fault;
import org.apache.cxf.phase.AbstractPhaseInterceptor;
import org.apache.cxf.phase.Phase;
import org.apache.cxf.headers.Header;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author：wangdi
 * @Date：2023/4/23 15:45
 * @Des: ClientLoginInterceptor
 */
public class ClientLoginInterceptor extends AbstractPhaseInterceptor<SoapMessage> {

    private String username;
    private String password;
    private static final String NAME_SPACE_URI = "http://server.webservice.gtp.sinotrans.com";

    public ClientLoginInterceptor(String username, String password) {
        super(Phase.PREPARE_SEND);
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public void handleMessage(SoapMessage soapMessage) throws Fault {
        List<Header> headers = soapMessage.getHeaders();
        Document document = DOMUtils.createDocument();
        Element authority = document.createElementNS(NAME_SPACE_URI, "authority");
        Element username = document.createElementNS(NAME_SPACE_URI, "username");
        Element password = document.createElementNS(NAME_SPACE_URI, "password");
        username.setTextContent(this.username);
        password.setTextContent(this.password);
        authority.appendChild(username);
        authority.appendChild(password);
        headers.add(0, new Header(new QName("authority"), authority));
    }
}

4.2. 新建客户端调用接口

也可以在main方法中编写

调用之前 需要启动SpringBoot

import com.sinotrans.gtp.entity.UserInfo;
import com.sinotrans.gtp.interceptor.ClientLoginInterceptor;
import com.sinotrans.gtp.webservice.UserInfoService;
import org.apache.cxf.endpoint.Client;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.endpoint.dynamic.JaxWsDynamicClientFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @Author：wangdi
 * @Date：2023/4/23 15:51
 * @Des: UserInfoApiClient
 */
@Component
public class UserInfoApiClient {

    private static final String USERNAME = "wangdi";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "wangdi.com";
    private static final String ADDRESS = "http://localhost:8080/webServices/userInfoService?wsdl";

    /**
     * 使用代理方法
     * @param userInfo
     */
    public void saveUserInfoWithProxy(UserInfo userInfo) {
        JaxWsProxyFactoryBean jaxWsProxyFactoryBean = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
        jaxWsProxyFactoryBean.setAddress(ADDRESS);
        jaxWsProxyFactoryBean.setServiceClass(UserInfoService.class);
        jaxWsProxyFactoryBean.getOutInterceptors().add(
                new ClientLoginInterceptor(USERNAME, PASSWORD)
        );
        UserInfoService userInfoService = (UserInfoService) jaxWsProxyFactoryBean.create();
        userInfoService.saveUserInfo(userInfo);
    }

    /**
     * 使用动态代理
     * @param id
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void getUserInfoByIdWithDynamic(Long id) throws Exception {
        JaxWsDynamicClientFactory clientFactory = JaxWsDynamicClientFactory.newInstance();
        Client client = clientFactory.createClient(ADDRESS);
        client.getOutInterceptors().add(new ClientLoginInterceptor(USERNAME, PASSWORD));
        Object[] userInfos = client.invoke("getUserInfoById", id);
        String userInfo = userInfos[0].toString();
        System.out.println(userInfo);
    }
}

客户端使用动态代理访问时，参数中有bean对象时会提示类型转换错误异常

4.3. main方法中只显示INFO类日志

加入以下代码到类中

static {
    LoggerContext loggerContext = (LoggerContext) LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory();
    List<Logger> loggerList = loggerContext.getLoggerList();
    loggerList.forEach(logger -> {
        logger.setLevel(Level.INFO);
    });
}

5. Postmen中调用

可结合浏览器插件 Wizdler

地址栏输入Web Service 接口地址，选择post方式，Headers中设置Content-Type为text/xml;charset=utf-8。

<Envelope xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
    <Body>
        <getUserInfoById xmlns="http://server.webservice.gtp.sinotrans.com">
            <id xmlns="">1</id>
        </getUserInfoById>
    </Body>
</Envelope>

6. 其他WebService调用方式

6.1. RestTemplate

maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.cassandra</groupId>
    <artifactId>cassandra-all</artifactId>
    <version>0.8.1</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

配置类

/**
 * @Author：wangdi
 * @Date：2023/4/24 9:56
 * @Des: RestTemplateConfig
 */
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();
        // 超时
        factory.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000);
        factory.setConnectTimeout(5000);
        factory.setReadTimeout(5000);
        SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(createIgnoreVerifySSL(),
                // 指定TLS版本
                null,
                // 指定算法
                null,
                // 取消域名验证
                new HostnameVerifier() {
                    @Override
                    public boolean verify(String string, SSLSession ssls) {
                        return true;
                    }
                });
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
        factory.setHttpClient(httpClient);
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(factory);
        // 解决中文乱码问题
        restTemplate.getMessageConverters().set(1, new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        return restTemplate;
    }


    public static HttpHeaders getWSHeaders() {
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.TEXT_XML);
        List<MediaType> acceptableMediaTypes = new ArrayList<MediaType>();
        acceptableMediaTypes.add(MediaType.TEXT_XML);
        headers.setAccept(acceptableMediaTypes);
        return headers;
    }

    /**
     * 跳过证书效验的sslcontext
     *
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private SSLContext createIgnoreVerifySSL() {
        try {
            SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

            // 实现一个X509TrustManager接口，用于绕过验证，不用修改里面的方法
            X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
                @Override
                public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
                                               String paramString) throws CertificateException {
                }

                @Override
                public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
                                               String paramString) throws CertificateException {
                }

                @Override
                public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                    return null;
                }
            };
            sc.init(null, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null);
            return sc;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }


} 

调用测试

/**
 * @Author：wangdi
 * @Date：2023/4/24 9:58
 * @Des: RestTest
 */
@Slf4j
public class RestTest extends SinogtpApplicationTests {

    // 使用之前注入
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate rt;

    @Test
    public void test() {
        String xml = "xml报文";
        String url = "调用地址";
        ResponseEntity<String> response = null;
        try {
            log.info("\n\n\n下发:" + xml + "\n\n\n");
            HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(xml, RestTemplateConfig.getWSHeaders());

            response = rt.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, requestEntity, String.class);
        } catch (RestClientResponseException e) {
            log.error("\n\n\nError: " + e.getResponseBodyAsString() + "\n\n\n");
            throw new HttpClientErrorException(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "出错");
        }
        log.info(response.getBody());
        System.out.println();
    }

}

6.2. 直接AXIS调用远程的web service

未验证

参考: https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1148263

https://blog.csdn.net/LLLLLer/article/details/128103465

maven依赖

maven依赖(已验证)

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.axis</groupId>
    <artifactId>axis</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-discovery</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-discovery</artifactId>
    <version>0.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.axis</groupId>
    <artifactId>axis-jaxrpc</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.axis</groupId>
    <artifactId>axis-saaj</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
</dependency>

测试

maven依赖(未验证)

//        //服务地址
//        String url = "http://localhost:8080/webServices/userInfoService?wsdl";
//        try {
//            Service service = new Service();
//            Call call = (Call) service.createCall();
//            call.setTargetEndpointAddress(url);
//            //第一个参数命名空间，第二个参数方法名
            QName qname = new QName("命名空间", "接口名");
//            QName qname = new QName("http://server.webservice.gtp.sinotrans.com", "getUserInfoById");
//            call.setOperationName(qname);
            call.addParameter("参数名", Constants.XSD_STRING, javax.xml.rpc.ParameterMode.IN);
//            call.addParameter("id", Constants.XSD_LONG, javax.xml.rpc.ParameterMode.IN);
//            //设置返回类型
//            call.setReturnType(org.apache.axis.encoding.XMLType.XSD_STRING);
//            //调用方法并传递参数 比如这样{\"NAME\":\"\"}
            String resultStr = (String) call.invoke(new Object[]{"参数值"});
//            String resultStr = (String) call.invoke(new Object[]{(long)1});
//            System.out.println("服务调用结果：" + resultStr);
//        } catch (Exception e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }