---

前言

EFK简介
Elasticsearch 是一个实时的、分布式的可扩展的搜索引擎，允许进行全文、结构化搜索，它通常用于索引和搜索大量日志数据，也可用于搜索许多不同类型的文档。

FileBeats 是数据采集的得力工具。将 Beats 和您的容器一起置于服务器上，或者将 Beats 作为函数加以部署，然后便可在 Elastisearch 中集中处理数据。如果需要更加强大的处理性能，Beats 还能将数据输送到 Logstash 进行转换和解析。

Kibana 核心产品搭载了一批经典功能：柱状图、线状图、饼图、旭日图，等等。不仅如此，您还可以使用 Vega 语法来设计独属于您自己的可视化图形。所有这些都利用 Elasticsearch 的完整聚合功能。

Elasticsearch 通常与 Kibana 一起部署，Kibana 是 Elasticsearch 的一个功能强大的数据可视化 Dashboard，Kibana 允许你通过 web 界面来浏览 Elasticsearch 日志数据。

ELK和EFK的区别:
ELK 是现阶段众多企业单位都在使用的一种日志分析系统，它能够方便的为我们收集你想要的日志并且展示出来

ELK是Elasticsearch、Logstash、Kibana的简称，这三者都是开源软件，通常配合使用。

1. Elasticsearch –>存储数据

是一个实时的分布式搜索和分析引擎，它可以用于全文搜索，结构化搜索以及分析。它是一个建立在全文搜索引擎 Apache Lucene 基础上的搜索引擎，使用 Java 语言编写，能对大容量的数据进行接近实时的存储、搜索和分析操作。

2. Logstash –> 收集数据

数据收集引擎。它支持动态的从各种数据源搜集数据，并对数据进行过滤、分析、丰富、统一格式等操作，然后存储到用户指定的位置。

3. Kibana –> 展示数据

数据分析和可视化平台。通常与 Elasticsearch 配合使用，对其中数据进行搜索、分析和以统计图表的方式展示。

EFK是ELK日志分析系统的一个变种，加入了filebeat 可以更好的收集到资源日志 来为我们的日志分析做好准备工作。

优缺点
Filebeat 相对 Logstash 的优点：

侵入低，无需修改 elasticsearch 和 kibana 的配置；
性能高，IO 占用率比 logstash 小太多；
当然 Logstash 相比于 FileBeat 也有一定的优势，比如 Logstash 对于日志的格式化处理能力，FileBeat 只是将日志从日志文件中读取出来，当然如果收集的日志本身是有一定格式的，FileBeat 也可以格式化，但是相对于Logstash 来说，效果差很多。

---

下面搭建一个简单的EFK日志收集系统，基于最新的版本8.7，ELK三个软件版本最好要保持一致，不然会出现问题。

一、下载

下载版本8.7.0
Es地址：https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/elasticsearch
Filebeat地址：https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/beats/filebeat
Kibana地址：https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/kibana

二、使用步骤

1.安装es

解压ES安装文件
修改config目录中的elasticsearch.yml，添加两行配置，防止跨域。

http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

修改host

network.host: 192.168.100.22

进入bin目录
cmd中运行elasticsearch

从启动日志中拷贝出默认用户名

修改elasticsearch.yml文件，xpack.security.http.ssl:enabled设置为false。

访问localhost:9200，输入用户elastic和拷贝出的密码
能访问，代表成功了

2.安装kibana

解压kibana
修改config下kibana.yml
修改配置：

i18n.locale: "zh-CN"
server.host: "192.168.100.22"
server.port: 5601

重置es中kibana账号的密码
进入es的bin目录
执行：

elasticsearch-reset-password -u kibana

将生成的密码拷贝出来，配置到kibana.yml中

elasticsearch.username: "kibana"
elasticsearch.password: "MK=iUF0fuJYXx-QbC=TF"

进入kibana的bin目录启动kibana.bat

访问http://192.168.100.22:5601，输入用户名elastic，密码为安装es时拷贝出来的密码

3.安装filebeat

解压filebeat
修改filebeat.yml，配置说明见下面的注释

......

# ============================== Filebeat inputs ===============================

filebeat.inputs:

# Each - is an input. Most options can be set at the input level, so
# you can use different inputs for various configurations.
# Below are the input specific configurations.

# filestream is an input for collecting log messages from files.
- type: log

  # Unique ID among all inputs, an ID is required.
  id: my-newframe-access-id

  # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
  enabled: true

  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
  paths:
    - D:\ideaProjects\newframe-by-maven\logs\dmo-uaa\*\log_access.log
    #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*
  
  # 设置fields，标记此日志
  fields:
    type: newframe-log-access
  multiline.type: pattern  
  multiline.pattern: '^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}'
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after
  
  
- type: log

  # Unique ID among all inputs, an ID is required.
  id: my-newframe-error-id

  # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
  enabled: true

  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
  paths:
    - D:\ideaProjects\newframe-by-maven\logs\dmo-uaa\log_error.log
    #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*
  
  # 设置fields，标记此日志
  fields:
    type: newframe-log-error
  multiline.type: pattern  
  multiline.pattern: '^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}'
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after
  
- type: log

  # Unique ID among all inputs, an ID is required.
  id: my-newframe-info-id

  # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
  enabled: true

  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
  paths:
    - D:\ideaProjects\newframe-by-maven\logs\dmo-uaa\log_info.log
    #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*
  
  # 设置fields，标记此日志
  fields:
    type: newframe-log-info
  multiline.type: pattern  
  multiline.pattern: '^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}'
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after
  
- type: log

  # Unique ID among all inputs, an ID is required.
  id: my-newframe-warn-id

  # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
  enabled: true

  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
  paths:
    - D:\ideaProjects\newframe-by-maven\logs\dmo-uaa\log_warn.log
    #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*
  
  # 设置fields，标记此日志
  fields:
    type: newframe-log-warn
  multiline.type: pattern  
  multiline.pattern: '^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}'
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after

......
setup.ilm.enabled: false                # 如果要创建多个索引，需要将此项设置为 false
setup.template.name: station_log          # 设置模板的名称
setup.template.pattern: station_log-*  # 设置模板的匹配方式，索引的前缀要和这里保持一致
setup.template.overwrite: true                # 开启新设置的模板
setup.template.enabled: false                 # 关掉默认的模板配置

# ---------------------------- Elasticsearch Output ----------------------------
output.elasticsearch:
  # Array of hosts to connect to.
  hosts: ["192.168.100.22:9200"]
  index: station_log-%{[fields.type]}-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}     # 设置索引名称，后面引用的 fields.type 变量。此处的配置应该可以省略（不符合下面创建索引条件的日志，会使用该索引）
  indices:                                             # 使用 indices 代表要创建多个索引
    - index: station_log-newframe-log-access-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}       # 设置 日志的索引，注意索引前面的 station_log 要与setup.template.pattern 的配置相匹配
      when.equals:                                     # 设置创建索引的条件：当 fields.type 的值等于 newframe-log-access 时才生效
        fields.type: newframe-log-access
    - index: station_log-newframe-log-error-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}
      when.equals:
        fields.type: newframe-log-error
    - index: station_log-newframe-log-info-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}
      when.equals:
        fields.type: newframe-log-info
    - index: station_log-newframe-log-warn-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}
      when.equals:
        fields.type: newframe-log-warn

  # Protocol - either `http` (default) or `https`.
  #protocol: "https"

  # Authentication credentials - either API key or username/password.
  #api_key: "id:api_key"
  username: "elastic"
  password: "QbxGioLkbOy_jNkuvCkV"
......

启动：

filebeat.exe setup
filebeat.exe -e -c filebeat.yml

启动后查看索引，多了几个日志的索引

4.在kibana查看日志

访问kibana:
http://192.168.100.22:5601/
Discover
创建数据视图，查看日志，如下图

附完整的filebeat.yml

###################### Filebeat Configuration Example #########################

# This file is an example configuration file highlighting only the most common
# options. The filebeat.reference.yml file from the same directory contains all the
# supported options with more comments. You can use it as a reference.
#
# You can find the full configuration reference here:
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/beats/filebeat/index.html

# For more available modules and options, please see the filebeat.reference.yml sample
# configuration file.

# ============================== Filebeat inputs ===============================

filebeat.inputs:

# Each - is an input. Most options can be set at the input level, so
# you can use different inputs for various configurations.
# Below are the input specific configurations.

# filestream is an input for collecting log messages from files.
- type: log

  # Unique ID among all inputs, an ID is required.
  id: my-newframe-access-id

  # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
  enabled: true

  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
  paths:
    - D:\ideaProjects\newframe-by-maven\logs\dmo-uaa\*\log_access.log
    #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*
  
  # 设置fields，标记此日志
  fields:
    type: newframe-log-access
  multiline.type: pattern  
  multiline.pattern: '^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}'
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after
  
  
- type: log

  # Unique ID among all inputs, an ID is required.
  id: my-newframe-error-id

  # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
  enabled: true

  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
  paths:
    - D:\ideaProjects\newframe-by-maven\logs\dmo-uaa\log_error.log
    #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*
  
  # 设置fields，标记此日志
  fields:
    type: newframe-log-error
  multiline.type: pattern  
  multiline.pattern: '^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}'
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after
  
- type: log

  # Unique ID among all inputs, an ID is required.
  id: my-newframe-info-id

  # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
  enabled: true

  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
  paths:
    - D:\ideaProjects\newframe-by-maven\logs\dmo-uaa\log_info.log
    #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*
  
  # 设置fields，标记此日志
  fields:
    type: newframe-log-info
  multiline.type: pattern  
  multiline.pattern: '^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}'
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after
  
- type: log

  # Unique ID among all inputs, an ID is required.
  id: my-newframe-warn-id

  # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
  enabled: true

  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
  paths:
    - D:\ideaProjects\newframe-by-maven\logs\dmo-uaa\log_warn.log
    #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*
  
  # 设置fields，标记此日志
  fields:
    type: newframe-log-warn
  multiline.type: pattern  
  multiline.pattern: '^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}'
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after

  #multiline.pattern: '^[[:space:]]+(at|\.{3})[[:space:]]+\b|^Caused by:'
  #multiline.negate: false
  #multiline.match: after

  # Exclude lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It drops the lines that are
  # matching any regular expression from the list.
  # Line filtering happens after the parsers pipeline. If you would like to filter lines
  # before parsers, use include_message parser.
  #exclude_lines: ['^DBG']

  # Include lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It exports the lines that are
  # matching any regular expression from the list.
  # Line filtering happens after the parsers pipeline. If you would like to filter lines
  # before parsers, use include_message parser.
  #include_lines: ['^ERR', '^WARN']

  # Exclude files. A list of regular expressions to match. Filebeat drops the files that
  # are matching any regular expression from the list. By default, no files are dropped.
  #prospector.scanner.exclude_files: ['.gz$']

  # Optional additional fields. These fields can be freely picked
  # to add additional information to the crawled log files for filtering
  #fields:
  #  level: debug
  #  review: 1

# ============================== Filebeat modules ==============================

filebeat.config.modules:
  # Glob pattern for configuration loading
  path: ${path.config}/modules.d/*.yml

  # Set to true to enable config reloading
  reload.enabled: false

  # Period on which files under path should be checked for changes
  #reload.period: 10s

# ======================= Elasticsearch template setting =======================

setup.template.settings:
  index.number_of_shards: 1
  #index.codec: best_compression
  #_source.enabled: false


# ================================== General ===================================

# The name of the shipper that publishes the network data. It can be used to group
# all the transactions sent by a single shipper in the web interface.
#name:

# The tags of the shipper are included in their own field with each
# transaction published.
#tags: ["service-X", "web-tier"]

# Optional fields that you can specify to add additional information to the
# output.
#fields:
#  env: staging

# ================================= Dashboards =================================
# These settings control loading the sample dashboards to the Kibana index. Loading
# the dashboards is disabled by default and can be enabled either by setting the
# options here or by using the `setup` command.
#setup.dashboards.enabled: false

# The URL from where to download the dashboards archive. By default this URL
# has a value which is computed based on the Beat name and version. For released
# versions, this URL points to the dashboard archive on the artifacts.elastic.co
# website.
#setup.dashboards.url:

# =================================== Kibana ===================================

# Starting with Beats version 6.0.0, the dashboards are loaded via the Kibana API.
# This requires a Kibana endpoint configuration.
setup.kibana:

  # Kibana Host
  # Scheme and port can be left out and will be set to the default (http and 5601)
  # In case you specify and additional path, the scheme is required: http://localhost:5601/path
  # IPv6 addresses should always be defined as: https://[2001:db8::1]:5601
  #host: "localhost:5601"

  # Kibana Space ID
  # ID of the Kibana Space into which the dashboards should be loaded. By default,
  # the Default Space will be used.
  #space.id:

# =============================== Elastic Cloud ================================

# These settings simplify using Filebeat with the Elastic Cloud (https://cloud.elastic.co/).

# The cloud.id setting overwrites the `output.elasticsearch.hosts` and
# `setup.kibana.host` options.
# You can find the `cloud.id` in the Elastic Cloud web UI.
#cloud.id:

# The cloud.auth setting overwrites the `output.elasticsearch.username` and
# `output.elasticsearch.password` settings. The format is `<user>:<pass>`.
#cloud.auth:

# ================================== Outputs ===================================

# Configure what output to use when sending the data collected by the beat.


setup.ilm.enabled: false                    # 如果要创建多个索引，需要将此项设置为 false
setup.template.name: station_log          # 设置模板的名称
setup.template.pattern: station_log-*         # 设置模板的匹配方式，索引的前缀要和这里保持一致
setup.template.overwrite: true                # 开启新设置的模板
setup.template.enabled: false                 # 关掉默认的模板配置

# ---------------------------- Elasticsearch Output ----------------------------
output.elasticsearch:
  # Array of hosts to connect to.
  hosts: ["192.168.100.22:9200"]
  index: station_log-%{[fields.type]}-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}     # 设置索引名称，后面引用的 fields.type 变量。此处的配置应该可以省略（不符合下面创建索引条件的日志，会使用该索引）
  indices:                                             # 使用 indices 代表要创建多个索引
    - index: station_log-newframe-log-access-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}       # 设置 日志的索引，注意索引前面的 station_log 要与setup.template.pattern 的配置相匹配
      when.equals:                                     # 设置创建索引的条件：当 fields.type 的值等于 newframe-log-access 时才生效
        fields.type: newframe-log-access
    - index: station_log-newframe-log-error-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}
      when.equals:
        fields.type: newframe-log-error
    - index: station_log-newframe-log-info-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}
      when.equals:
        fields.type: newframe-log-info
    - index: station_log-newframe-log-warn-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}
      when.equals:
        fields.type: newframe-log-warn

  # Protocol - either `http` (default) or `https`.
  #protocol: "https"

  # Authentication credentials - either API key or username/password.
  #api_key: "id:api_key"
  username: "elastic"
  password: "QbxGioLkbOy_jNkuvCkV"

# ------------------------------ Logstash Output -------------------------------
#output.logstash:
  # The Logstash hosts
  #hosts: ["localhost:5044"]

  # Optional SSL. By default is off.
  # List of root certificates for HTTPS server verifications
  #ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/etc/pki/root/ca.pem"]

  # Certificate for SSL client authentication
  #ssl.certificate: "/etc/pki/client/cert.pem"

  # Client Certificate Key
  #ssl.key: "/etc/pki/client/cert.key"

# ================================= Processors =================================
processors:
  - add_host_metadata:
      when.not.contains.tags: forwarded
  - add_cloud_metadata: ~
  - add_docker_metadata: ~
  - add_kubernetes_metadata: ~

# ================================== Logging ===================================

# Sets log level. The default log level is info.
# Available log levels are: error, warning, info, debug
#logging.level: debug

# At debug level, you can selectively enable logging only for some components.
# To enable all selectors use ["*"]. Examples of other selectors are "beat",
# "publisher", "service".
#logging.selectors: ["*"]

# ============================= X-Pack Monitoring ==============================
# Filebeat can export internal metrics to a central Elasticsearch monitoring
# cluster.  This requires xpack monitoring to be enabled in Elasticsearch.  The
# reporting is disabled by default.

# Set to true to enable the monitoring reporter.
#monitoring.enabled: false

# Sets the UUID of the Elasticsearch cluster under which monitoring data for this
# Filebeat instance will appear in the Stack Monitoring UI. If output.elasticsearch
# is enabled, the UUID is derived from the Elasticsearch cluster referenced by output.elasticsearch.
#monitoring.cluster_uuid:

# Uncomment to send the metrics to Elasticsearch. Most settings from the
# Elasticsearch output are accepted here as well.
# Note that the settings should point to your Elasticsearch *monitoring* cluster.
# Any setting that is not set is automatically inherited from the Elasticsearch
# output configuration, so if you have the Elasticsearch output configured such
# that it is pointing to your Elasticsearch monitoring cluster, you can simply
# uncomment the following line.
#monitoring.elasticsearch:

# ============================== Instrumentation ===============================

# Instrumentation support for the filebeat.
#instrumentation:
    # Set to true to enable instrumentation of filebeat.
    #enabled: false

    # Environment in which filebeat is running on (eg: staging, production, etc.)
    #environment: ""

    # APM Server hosts to report instrumentation results to.
    #hosts:
    #  - http://localhost:8200

    # API Key for the APM Server(s).
    # If api_key is set then secret_token will be ignored.
    #api_key:

    # Secret token for the APM Server(s).
    #secret_token:


# ================================= Migration ==================================

# This allows to enable 6.7 migration aliases
#migration.6_to_7.enabled: true