5、K8s控制器- Deployment
Deployment控制器
文章目录
一、Deployment控制器
1、Deployment控制器:概念、原理解读
1.1、Deployment概述
Deployment官方文档:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/
- Deployment是kubernetes中最常用的资源对象,为ReplicaSet和Pod的创建提供了一种声明式的定义方法,在Deployment对象中描述一个期望的状态,Deployment控制器就会按照一定的控制速率把实际状态改成期望状态,通过定义一个Deployment控制器会创建一个新的ReplicaSet控制器,通过ReplicaSet创建pod,删除Deployment控制器,也会删除Deployment控制器下对应的ReplicaSet控制器和pod资源.
- 使用Deployment而不直接创建ReplicaSet是因为Deployment对象拥有许多ReplicaSet没有的特性,例如滚动升级和回滚
- 扩展:声明式定义是指直接修改资源清单yaml文件,然后通过
kubectl apply-f
资源清单yaml文件,就可以更改资源- Deployment控制器是建立在rs之上的一个控制器,可以管理多个rs,每次更新镜像版本,都会生成一个新的rs,把旧的rs替换掉,多个rs同时存在,但是只有一个rs运行。
rs v1控制三个pod,删除一个pod,在rsv2上重新建立一个,依次类推,直到全部都是由rs v2控制,如果rsv2有问题,还可以回滚,Deployment是建构在rs之上的,多个rs组成一个Deployment,但是只有一个rs处于活跃状态.
如果想要回滚,原来的v1就是第一个版本,以相同的方法逐渐把pod资源在v1上创建出来
2、Deployment工作原理:如何管理rs和Pod?
Deployment可以使用声明式定义,**直接在命令行通过纯命令的方式完成对应资源版本的内容的修改,也就是通过打补丁的方式进行修改;**Deployment能提供滚动式自定义自控制的更新;对Deployment来讲,我们在实现更新时还可以实现控制更新节奏和更新逻辑。
更新逻辑:
比如说Deployment控制5个pod副本,pod的期望值是5个,但是升级的时候需要额外多几个pod,那我们控制器可以控制在5个pod副本之外还能再增加几个pod副本;比方说能多一个,但是不能少,那么升级的时候就是先增加一个,再删除一个,增加一个删除一个,始终保持pod副本数是5个;
还有一种情况,最多允许多一个,最少允许少一个,也就是最多6个,最少4个,第一次加一个,删除两个,第二次加两个,删除两个,依次类推,可以自己控制更新方式,这种滚动更新需要加readinessProbe和livenessProbe探测,确保pod中容器里的应用都正常启动了才删除之前的pod。
更新节奏:
启动第一步,刚更新第一批就暂停了也可以;假如目标是5个,允许一个也不能少,允许最多可以10个,那一次加5个即可;这就是我们可以自己控制节奏来控制更新的方法。
通过Deployment对象,你可以轻松的做到以下事情:
1、创建ReplicaSet和Pod
2、滚动升级(不停止旧服务的状态下升级)和回滚应用(将应用回滚到之前的版本)
3、平滑地扩容和缩容
4、暂停和继续Deployment
3、Deployment资源清单文件编写技巧
- 查看Deployment资源对象由哪几部分组成
#查看 Deployment 资源对象由哪几部分组成
[root@xianchaomaster1 ~]# kubectl explain deployment
KIND: Deployment
VERSION: apps/v1
DESCRIPTION:
Deployment enables declarative updates for Pods and ReplicaSets.
FIELDS:
apiVersion <string> #该资源使用的 api 版本
kind <string> #创建的资源是什么?
metadata <Object> #元数据,包括资源的名字和名称空间
spec <Object> #定义容器的
status <Object> #状态,不可以修改
[root@master deploy]# kubectl explain deploy.spec
KIND: Deployment
VERSION: apps/v1
RESOURCE: spec <Object>
DESCRIPTION:
Specification of the desired behavior of the Deployment.
DeploymentSpec is the specification of the desired behavior of the
Deployment.
FIELDS:
minReadySeconds <integer>#k8s在等待设置的时间后才进行升级,如果没有设置该值,k8s会假设该容器起来后就提供服务了。
Minimum number of seconds for which a newly created pod should be ready
without any of its container crashing, for it to be considered available.
Defaults to 0 (pod will be considered available as soon as it is ready)
paused <boolean>#暂停,当我们更新的时候,创建pod先暂停,不是立即更新。# k8s在升级过程中有可能由于各种原因升级卡住(这个时候还没有明确的升级失败),比如在拉取被墙的镜像,权限不够等错误。那么这个时候就需要有个 deadline ,在 deadline之内如果还卡着,那么就上报这个情况,这个时候这个Deployment 状态就被标 记为False ,并且注明原因。但是它并不会阻止 Deployment 继续进行卡住后面的操作。完全由用户进行控制。
Indicates that the deployment is paused.
progressDeadlineSeconds <integer>
The maximum time in seconds for a deployment to make progress before it is
considered to be failed. The deployment controller will continue to process
failed deployments and a condition with a ProgressDeadlineExceeded reason
will be surfaced in the deployment status. Note that progress will not be
estimated during the time a deployment is paused. Defaults to 600s.
replicas <integer>#副本数
Number of desired pods. This is a pointer to distinguish between explicit
zero and not specified. Defaults to 1.
revisionHistoryLimit <integer>#保留的历史版本,默认是10
The number of old ReplicaSets to retain to allow rollback. This is a
pointer to distinguish between explicit zero and not specified. Defaults to
10.
selector <Object> -required-#标签选择器,选择它关联的pod
Label selector for pods. Existing ReplicaSets whose pods are selected by
this will be the ones affected by this deployment. It must match the pod
template's labels.
strategy <Object>#更新策略
The deployment strategy to use to replace existing pods with new ones.
template <Object> -required-#定义的pod模版
Template describes the pods that will be created.
#查看 Deployment 下的 spec.strategy 字段
[root@xianchaomaster1 ~]# kubectl explain deploy.spec.strategy
KIND: Deployment
VERSION: apps/v1
RESOURCE: strategy <Object>
DESCRIPTION:
The deployment strategy to use to replace existing pods with new ones.
DeploymentStrategy describes how to replace existing pods with new ones.
FIELDS:
rollingUpdate <Object>
type <string>
Type of deployment. Can be "Recreate" or "RollingUpdate". Default is
RollingUpdate. #支持两种更新,Recreate 和 RollingUpdate
#Recreate 是重建式更新,删除一个更新一个
#RollingUpdate 滚动更新,定义滚动更新方式,也就是 pod 能多几个,少几个 #查看 Deployment 下的 spec.strategy.rollingUpdate 字段
[root@xianchaomaster1 ~]# kubectl explain deploy.spec.strategy.rollingUpdate
KIND: Deployment
VERSION: apps/v1
RESOURCE: rollingUpdate <Object>
DESCRIPTION:
Rolling update config params. Present only if DeploymentStrategyType =
RollingUpdate.
Spec to control the desired behavior of rolling update.
FIELDS:
maxSurge <string> #我们更新的过程当中最多允许超出的指定的目标副本数有几个; 它有两种取值方式,第一种直接给定数量,第二种根据百分比,百分比表示原本是 5 个,最多可以超出 20%,那就允许多一个,最多可以超过 40%,那就允许多两个
maxUnavailable <string> #最多允许几个不可用 假设有 5 个副本,最多一个不可用,就表示最少有 4 个可用
#查看 Deployment 下的 spec.template 字段 #template 为定义 Pod 的模板,Deployment 通过模板创建 Pod
[root@xianchaomaster1 ~]# kubectl explain deploy.spec.template
KIND: Deployment
VERSION: apps/v1
RESOURCE: template <Object>
DESCRIPTION:
Template describes the pods that will be created.
PodTemplateSpec describes the data a pod should have when created from a
template
FIELDS:
metadata <Object> #定义模板的名字
spec <Object>
#deployment.spec.template 为 Pod 定义的模板,和 Pod 定义不太一样,template 中不包含apiVersion 和 Kind 属性,要求必须有 metadata。deployment.spec.template.spec 为容器的属性信息,其他定义内容和 Pod 一致。
#查看 Deployment 下的 spec.template.spec 字段
[root@xianchaomaster1 ~]# kubectl explain deploy.spec.template.spec
KIND: Deployment
VERSION: apps/v1
RESOURCE: spec <Object>
DESCRIPTION:
Specification of the desired behavior of the pod. More info:
https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/apiconventions.md#spec-and-status
PodSpec is a description of a pod.
FIELDS:
activeDeadlineSeconds <integer> #activeDeadlineSeconds 表示 Pod 可以运行的最长时间,达到设置的该值后,Pod 会自动停
止。
affinity <Object> #定义亲和性,跟直接创建 pod 时候定义亲和性类似
automountServiceAccountToken <boolean> #身份认证相关的
containers <[]Object> -required- #定义容器属性
dnsConfig <Object> #设置 Pod 的 DNS
dnsConfig:
nameservers:
- 192.xxx.xxx.6
searches:
- xianchao.svc.cluster.local
- my.dns.search.xianchao
dnsPolicy <string> # dnsPolicy 决定 Pod 内预设的 DNS 配置策略
None 无任何策略:使用自定义的策略
Default 默认:使用宿主机的 dns 配置,/etc/resolv.conf
ClusterFirst 集群 DNS 优先,与 Default 相反,会预先使用 kube-dns (或 CoreDNS ) 的
信息当预设置参数写入到该 Pod 内的 DNS 配置。
ClusterFirstWithHostNet 集群 DNS 优先,并伴随着使用宿主机网络:同时使用
hostNetwork 与 kube-dns 作为 Pod 预设 DNS 配置。
enableServiceLinks
ephemeralContainers <[]Object> #定义临时容器
临时容器与其他容器的不同之处在于,它们缺少对资源或执行的保证,并且永远不会自动重启,因此不适用于构建应用程序。临时容器使用与常规容器相同的 ContainerSpec 段进行描述,但许多字段是不相容且不允许的。 临时容器没有端口配置,因此像 ports,livenessProbe,readinessProbe 这样的字段是不允许的。
Pod 资源分配是不可变的,因此 resources 配置是不允许的。
临时容器用途:
当由于容器崩溃或容器镜像不包含调试应用程序而导致 kubectl exec 无用时,临时容器对于交互式故障排查很有用。
hostAliases <[]Object> #在 pod 中增加域名解析的
例如
hostAliases:
– ip: "10.1.2.2"
hostnames:
– "mc.local"
– "rabbitmq.local"
– ip: "10.1.2.3"
hostnames:
– "redis.local"
– "mq.local"
hostIPC <boolean> #使用主机 IPC
hostNetwork <boolean> #是否使用宿主机的网络
hostPID <boolean> #可以设置容器里是否可以看到宿主机上的进程。True 可以
hostname <string>
imagePullSecrets <[]Object>
initContainers <[]Object> #定义初始化容器
nodeName <string> #定义 pod 调度到具体哪个节点上
nodeSelector <map[string]string> #定义节点选择器
overhead <map[string]string> #overhead 是 1.16 引入的字段,在没有引入 Overhead 之前,只要一个节点的资源可用量大于等于 Pod 的 requests 时,这个 Pod 就可以被调度到这个节点上。引入 Overhead 之后,只有节点的资源可用量大于等于 Overhead 加上requests 的和时才能被调度上来。
preemptionPolicy <string>
priority <integer>
priorityClassName <string>
readinessGates <[]Object>
restartPolicy <string> #Pod 重启策略
runtimeClassName <string>
schedulerName <string>
securityContext <Object> #是否开启特权模式
serviceAccount <string>
serviceAccountName <string>
setHostnameAsFQDN <boolean>
shareProcessNamespace <boolean>
subdomain <string>
terminationGracePeriodSeconds <integer> #在真正删除容器之前,K8S 会先发终止信号(kill -15 {pid})给容器,默认 30s
tolerations <[]Object> #定义容忍度
topologySpreadConstraints <[]Object
volumes <[]Object> #挂载存储卷
4、Deployment 使用案例:创建一个 web 站点
deployment 是一个三级结构,deployment 管理 replicaset,replicaset 管理 pod,
- 把
myapp-blue-v1.tar.gz
和myapp-blue-v2.tar.gz
上传到 三哥node节点上,
手动解压:
[root@node1 ~]# docker load -i myapp-blue-v1.tar.gz
cdb3f9544e4c: Loading layer [==================================================>] 58.44MB/58.44MB
190f3188c8aa: Loading layer [==================================================>] 54.24MB/54.24MB
d1bade4185fe: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.584kB/3.584kB
3602844318e8: Loading layer [==================================================>] 2.048kB/2.048kB
1dc7ed42d5a8: Loading layer [==================================================>] 4.608kB/4.608kB
Loaded image: janakiramm/myapp:v1
[root@node1 ~]# docker load -i myapp-blue-v2.tar.gz
af2ad77d9e26: Loading layer [==================================================>] 4.608kB/4.608kB
Loaded image: janakiramm/myapp:v2
- 在编写deploymen的文件时,可以一个窗口利用
explain
命令查看帮助,另一个窗口来编写文件
[root@master deploy]# cat deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: myapp-v1
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: myapp
version: v1
template:
metadata:
name: test
labels:
app: myapp
version: v1
spec:
containers:
- name: myapp
image: janakiramm/myapp:v1
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
[root@master deploy]# kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
deployment.apps/myapp-v1 created
[root@master deploy]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8-dpbd7 1/1 Running 0 111s
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8-r9wlv 1/1 Running 0 111s
[root@master deploy]# kubectl get deploy
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
myapp-v1 2/2 2 2 115s
#创建的控制器名字是 myapp-v1
#1.NAME :列出名称空间中 deployment 的名称。
#2.READY:显示 deployment 有多少副本数。它遵循 ready/desired 的模式。
#3.UP-TO-DATE: 显示已更新到所需状态的副本数。
#4.AVAILABLE: 显示你的可以使用多少个应用程序副本。
#5.AGE :显示应用程序已运行的时间。
[root@master deploy]# kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8 2 2 2 2m4s
#创建 deploy 的时候也会创建一个 rs(replicaset),67fd9fc9c8 这个随机数字是我们引用pod 的模板 template 的名字的 hash 值
#1.NAME: 列出名称空间中 ReplicaSet 资源 2DESIRED:显示应用程序的所需副本数,这些副本数是在创建时定义的。这是所需的状态。
#3.CURRENT: 显示当前正在运行多少个副本。
#4.READY: 显示你的用户可以使用多少个应用程序副本。 5.AGE :显示应用程序已运行的时间。
[root@master deploy]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8-dpbd7 1/1 Running 0 4m28s 10.244.20.86 node3.linux.com <none> <none>
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8-r9wlv 1/1 Running 0 4m28s 10.244.83.84 node2.linux.com <none> <none>
[root@master deploy]# curl 10.244.20.86\
> ^C
[root@master deploy]# curl 10.244.20.86
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Sample Deployment</title>
<style>
body {
color: #ffffff;
background-color: blue; #蓝色背景,部署成功
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
}
h1 {
font-size: 500%;
font-weight: normal;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
h2 {
font-size: 200%;
font-weight: normal;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<h1>Welcome to V1 of the web application</h1>
<h2>This application will be deployed on Kubernetes.</h2>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 添加存活性探测和就绪性探测
#两种探测方式都采用了httpGet的方式
[root@master deploy]# cat deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: myapp-v1
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: myapp
version: v1
template:
metadata:
name: test
labels:
app: myapp
version: v1
spec:
containers:
- name: myapp
image: janakiramm/myapp:v1
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
port: 80
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
port: 80
#这两种探测方式都是先启动一个pod,两种探测方式都通过之后,Running状态成功,再删除一个pod,依次循环
[root@master deploy]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8-dpbd7 1/1 Running 0 27m
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8-r9wlv 1/1 Running 0 27m
myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 0/1 Running 0 11s
[root@master deploy]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8-dpbd7 1/1 Terminating 0 27m
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8-r9wlv 1/1 Running 0 27m
myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 1/1 Running 0 12s
myapp-v1-c5549578-xtx88 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s
#在新生成的pod中查看两种探测
[root@master deploy]# kubectl describe pods myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 | grep Liveness
Liveness: http-get http://:80/ delay=0s timeout=1s period=10s #success=1 #failure=3
[root@master deploy]# kubectl describe pods myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 | grep Readiness
Readiness: http-get http://:80/ delay=0s timeout=1s period=10s #success=1 #failure=3
5、Deployment 管理 pod:扩容、缩容、滚动更新、回滚
pod扩容
#将deployment.yaml中replicas的数量修改为3,原来是2
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -w
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 1/1 Running 0 14m
myapp-v1-c5549578-xtx88 1/1 Running 0 13m
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 0/1 Pending 0 0s #调度状态,找node去创建
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 0/1 Pending 0 0s
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s #容器创建状态,正在创建容器中
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 3s
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 0/1 Running 0 5s #容器创建成功,Running,正在进行就绪性和存活性探测
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 1/1 Running 0 14s#探测成功。
pod缩容
#将deployment.yaml中replicas的数量修改为2,原来是3
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 1/1 Terminating 0 3m41s #容器删除状态
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 1/1 Terminating 0 3m42s
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 0/1 Terminating 0 3m43s
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 0/1 Terminating 0 3m44s
myapp-v1-c5549578-qhxrf 0/1 Terminating 0 3m44s
pod滚动更新
- 这个就和replicast不一样了,replicast需要我们手动的一个个的去删除,再去自动创建
- 而deployment自动更新
#将deployment.yaml中的image: janakiramm/myapp:v1的版本修改为janakiramm/myapp:v2
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -w
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 1/1 Running 0 19m
myapp-v1-c5549578-xtx88 1/1 Running 0 19m
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 0/1 Pending 0 0s #先创建个pod
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 0/1 Pending 0 0s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-wjr22 0/1 Pending 0 0s #再来一个pod
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-wjr22 0/1 Pending 0 0s
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-wjr22 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s #创建容器
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 1s
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 0/1 Running 0 2s #进行就绪性探测
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-wjr22 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 2s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-wjr22 0/1 Running 0 4s
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 1/1 Running 0 10s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-wjr22 1/1 Running 0 12s
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 1/1 Terminating 0 12s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-7m95v 0/1 Pending 0 0s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-7m95v 0/1 Pending 0 0s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-7m95v 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 1/1 Terminating 0 12s
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 0/1 Terminating 0 14s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-7m95v 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 3s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-7m95v 0/1 Running 0 5s
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 0/1 Terminating 0 17s
myapp-v1-c5549578-965q4 0/1 Terminating 0 17s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-7m95v 1/1 Running 0 10s
myapp-v1-c5549578-xtx88 1/1 Terminating 0 19m
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-mlg5v 0/1 Pending 0 0s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-mlg5v 0/1 Pending 0 0s
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-mlg5v 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s
myapp-v1-c5549578-xtx88 1/1 Terminating 0 19m
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-mlg5v 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 1s
myapp-v1-c5549578-xtx88 0/1 Terminating 0 19m
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-mlg5v 0/1 Running 0 2s
myapp-v1-c5549578-xtx88 0/1 Terminating 0 19m
myapp-v1-c5549578-xtx88 0/1 Terminating 0 19m
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-mlg5v 1/1 Running 0 5s
myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 1/1 Terminating 0 20m
myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 1/1 Terminating 0 20m #最后再将剩余的三个pod删除
myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 0/1 Terminating 0 20m
myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 0/1 Terminating 0 20m
myapp-v1-c5549578-t4rx4 0/1 Terminating 0 20m
[root@master deploy]# kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c 3 3 3 11m #由新的rs接收
myapp-v1-86f6b6d8c8 0 0 0 58m #原来的deplicast下线
myapp-v1-c5549578 0 0 0 31m
- 再次访问可以看到更新后的背景颜色为绿色
[root@master deploy]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-7m95v 1/1 Running 0 3m50s 10.244.83.88 node2.linux.com <none> <none>
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-mlg5v 1/1 Running 0 3m40s 10.244.20.89 node3.linux.com <none> <none>
myapp-v1-787b9bc78c-wjr22 1/1 Running 0 4m2s 10.244.83.87 node2.linux.com <none> <none>
[root@master deploy]# curl 10.244.83.88
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Sample Deployment</title>
<style>
body {
color: #ffffff;
background-color: green;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
}
h1 {
font-size: 500%;
font-weight: normal;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
h2 {
font-size: 200%;
font-weight: normal;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<h1>Welcome to vNext of the web application</h1>
<h2>This application will be deployed on Kubernetes.</h2>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 查看滚动更新策略
[root@master deploy]# kubectl describe deployment myapp-v1
Name: myapp-v1
Namespace: default
CreationTimestamp: Mon, 19 Sep 2022 10:12:12 +0800
Labels: <none>
Annotations: deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 3
Selector: app=myapp,version=v1
Replicas: 3 desired | 3 updated | 3 total | 3 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType: RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds: 0
RollingUpdateStrategy: 25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
#滚动更新策略最多:现有pod数量+0.25*((现有pod数量)向上取整)=3
#滚动更新策略最少:现有pod数量-0.25*((现有pod数量)向下取整)=2
- 以上这些都是默认的滚动更新策略,现在来自定义更新策略
[root@master deploy]# cat deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: myapp-v1
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: myapp
version: v1
strategy:
rollingUpdate: #自定义滚动更新策略
maxSurge: 1 #每次最多更新1个,就
maxUnavailable: 1 #我最多只能有一个不可用,要么就全都可用
template:
metadata:
name: test
labels:
app: myapp
version: v1
spec:
containers:
- name: myapp
image: janakiramm/myapp:v1
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- protocol: TCP
containerPort: 80
resources:
limits:
cpu: 1
memory: 1Gi
requests:
cpu: 0.5
memory: 1Gi
livenessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 80
initialDelaySeconds: 3
periodSeconds: 1
readinessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 80
initialDelaySeconds: 3
periodSeconds: 1
回滚
- 有命令不熟悉可以使用
help
参数
[root@master deploy]# kubectl rollout --help
Manage the rollout of a resource.
Valid resource types include:
* deployments
* daemonsets
* statefulsets
Examples:
# Rollback to the previous deployment
kubectl rollout undo deployment/abc
# Check the rollout status of a daemonset
kubectl rollout status daemonset/foo
Available Commands:
history 显示 rollout 历史
pause 标记提供的 resource 为中止状态
restart Restart a resource
resume 继续一个停止的 resource
status 显示 rollout 的状态
undo 撤销上一次的 rollout
[root@master deploy]# kubectl rollout undo --help
Rollback to a previous rollout.
Examples:
# Rollback to the previous deployment
kubectl rollout undo deployment/abc
# Rollback to daemonset revision 3
kubectl rollout undo daemonset/abc --to-revision=3
# Rollback to the previous deployment with dry-run
kubectl rollout undo --dry-run=server deployment/abc
[root@master deploy]# kubectl rollout history deployment/myapp-v1 查看可回滚的历史
deployment.apps/myapp-v1
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
1 <none>
2 <none>
3 <none>
[root@master deploy]# kubectl rollout undo deployment/myapp-v1 --to-revision=2 回滚到第二个版本
deployment.apps/myapp-v1 rolled back
[root@master deploy]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
myapp-v1-c5549578-9pdsr 1/1 Running 0 28s 10.244.83.89 node2.linux.com <none> <none>
myapp-v1-c5549578-s6pwp 1/1 Running 0 20s 10.244.20.91 node3.linux.com <none> <none>
myapp-v1-c5549578-sg8st 1/1 Running 0 37s 10.244.20.90 node3.linux.com <none> <none>
[root@master deploy]# curl 10.244.83.89
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Sample Deployment</title>
<style>
body {
color: #ffffff;
background-color: blue; #已经从绿色回滚到蓝色了
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
}6、定义Pod资源配额
6、定义Pod资源配额
- 可用于生产环境
[root@master deploy]# cat deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: myapp-v1
namespace: ms
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: myapp
version: v1
template:
metadata:
name: test
labels:
app: myapp
version: v1
spec:
containers:
- name: myapp
image: janakiramm/myapp:v2
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- protocol: TCP
containerPort: 80
resources: #新加了资源限额
limits:
cpu: 1 #这个pod,最多使用一个cpu
memory: 1Gi #最多使用一G内存
requests: #在调度的时候,node节点上至少有0.5核cpu。1G内存
cpu: 0.5
memory: 1Gi
livenessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 8080
initialDelaySeconds: 60
periodSeconds: 10
readinessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 8080
initialDelaySeconds: 60
periodSeconds: 10
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