k8s学习第二天
K8s学习之路第二天
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一、复习
1、碰到镜像拉取失败的话，假设本地docker images有这个镜像，就可以通过这个配置跳过远端拉镜像的步骤。
[root@master fuxi]# cat pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod0729fuxi
spec:
containers:
- name: pod
image: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
2、扩容或者缩容deployment
[root@master 0718]# kubectl scale deployment 0729-deployment --replicas=3
deployment.apps/0729-deployment scaled
[root@master 0718]# kubectl get deploy
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
0722-deployment-xs 0/3 3 0 5m20s
0729-deployment 0/3 3 0 101m
3、修改镜像中nginx的版本号
kubectl set image deployment 0729-deployment nginx=nginx:1.22.04、碰到的问题nginx的镜像一直pull不成功
repository does not exist or may require 'docker login': denied: requested a暂时不清楚是网络问题还是docker权限问题
目前解决的思路是:
1、 通过yaml文件设置imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent，从本地dock images里面pull
2、手动docker pull nginx.1.22.0或者nginx.1.18或者nginx
3、手动升级daemonset或者deployment里面nginx的版本号
kubectl set image deployment 0729-deployment nginx=nginx:1.22.0
kubectt set image daemonset 0729-daemonset nginx=nginx:1.22.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
default 0722-deployment-xs-84f945bdd6-5zlkl 1/1 Running 0 3d18h
default 0722-deployment-xs-84f945bdd6-nqtmw 1/1 Running 0 3d18h
default 0722-deployment-xs-84f945bdd6-vhw4f 1/1 Running 0 3d18h
default 0729-daemonset-78wt4 1/1 Running 0 3d14h
default 0729-daemonset-cbkr9 1/1 Running 0 3d14h
default 0729-deployment-86d8cf4dd9-4txsz 1/1 Running 0 3d14h
default 0729-deployment-86d8cf4dd9-9vrrv 1/1 Running 0 3d17h
default 0729-deployment-86d8cf4dd9-qpg4p 1/1 Running 0 3d14h
default pod0729fuxi 1/1 Running 0 3d19h
kube-system calico-kube-controllers-6b77fff45-hpwl8 1/1 Running 0 45d
kube-system calico-node-dp5gj 1/1 Running 0 45d
kube-system calico-node-xblsj 1/1 Running 0 45d
kube-system coredns-6d8c4cb4d-crrl9 1/1 Running 0 45d
kube-system coredns-6d8c4cb4d-l6msv 1/1 Running 0 45d
kube-system etcd-master 1/1 Running 1 45d
kube-system kube-apiserver-master 1/1 Running 1 45d
kube-system kube-controller-manager-master 1/1 Running 1 45d
kube-system kube-proxy-sk9kq 1/1 Running 0 45d
kube-system kube-proxy-x8b6p 1/1 Running 0 45d
kube-system kube-scheduler-master 1/1 Running 1 45d
5、查看资源的历史版本
kubectl rollout history deployment deploy1 root@master ~]# kubectl rollout history deploy 0729-deployment
deployment.apps/0729-deployment
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
1 <none>
2 <none>
二、statefulset
StatefulSet 是用来管理有状态的应用，例如数据库。
前面我们部署的应用，都是不需要存储数据，不需要记住状态的，可以随意扩充副本，每个副本都是一样的，可替代的。
而像数据库、Redis 这类有状态的，则不能随意扩充副本。
StatefulSet 会固定每个 Pod 的名字。
1、创建statefulset的容器服务
service:
[root@master 0729]# cat statefulset-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: statefulset-service-0802
spec:
selector:
apps: statefulset //选择器的值key=value要跟statefulset的值一致
ports:
- name:
port: 80
targetPort: 80
clusterIP: None
statefulset：
[root@master 0729]# cat statefulset.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: statefulset-1230
spec:
serviceName: "statefulset-service"
selector:
matchLabels:
apps: statefulset //跟下面的label以及service的选择器的key-value值一致
replicas: 2
template:
metadata:
labels:
apps: statefulset //跟上面的matchLabel以及service的选择器的key-value值一致
spec:
containers:
- name: statefulset-pod
image: nginx
2、改动nginx的html，模拟调用
root@statefulset-1230-0:/usr/share/nginx/html# cat index.html
hello world
root@statefulset-1230-0:/usr/share/nginx/html# pwd
/usr/share/nginx/html
echo "hello world"
-------------------------------------------------------------
root@statefulset-1230-0:/# curl statefulset-service-0802
hello world
一定要熟练去查看service和statefulset的serviceName是否一致。
kubectl get statefulset statefulset-1230 -o yaml
kubectl get pod statefulset-1230-0 -o yaml
kubectl get service statefulset-service-0802 -o yaml三、Job
Job用于批量处理短暂的一次性任务，并保证指定数量的Pod成功结束。
快捷创建job语句
kubectl create job jobname --image=busybox --dry-run -o yaml[root@master 0718]# cat job0804.yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
name: first-job
namespace: default
labels:
first-job: job
annotations: { key: "my annotation",}
spec:
template:
metadata:
spec:
containers:
- name: job-image
image: busybox
restartPolicy: Never
[root@master 0718]# kubectl get pod first-job-jvl8r
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
first-job-jvl8r 0/1 Completed 0 13m
四、cronjob
cronjob是管理job，也就是每一个周期创建一个job去执行任务,一次只能管理一个job。
快捷创建cronjob语句
kubectl create cronjob cronjobName --image=busybox --schedule="* * * * *" --dry-run -o yaml[root@master 0729]# cat cronjob.yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
name: cronjob-1613
namespace: "1613"
spec:
jobTemplate:
metadata:
spec:
metadata:
template:
spec:
containers:
- image: busybox
name: myjob1613
restartPolicy: Never
schedule: '* * * * *'
-----------------------------------------------------------
[root@master 0729]# kubectl get pod -n 1613 -w
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
cronjob-1613-27661466-8cqqw 0/1 Completed 0 83s
cronjob-1613-27661467-lkcg2 0/1 Completed 0 23s
cronjob-1613-27661468-gv8s2 0/1 Pending 0 0s
cronjob-1613-27661468-gv8s2 0/1 Pending 0 0s
cronjob-1613-27661468-gv8s2 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s
cronjob-1613-27661468-gv8s2 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 1s
cronjob-1613-27661468-gv8s2 0/1 Completed 0 4s
cronjob-1613-27661468-gv8s2 0/1 Completed 0 4s
cronjob-1613-27661468-gv8s2 0/1 Completed 0 4s五、annotation
注解的使用
[root@master 0729]# cat pod-annotion.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: annotation-pod
annotations: {"111":"2222",}
spec:
containers:
- name: pod
image: nginx
----------------------------------------------------------------
[root@master 0729]# kubectl get pod annotation-pod -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
annotations:
"111": "2222"
......
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