zabbix5.0的安装与实现

zabbix是一个基于WEB界面的提供分布式系统监视以及网络监视功能的企业级的开源解决方案。功能强大,成熟可靠,使用者众多

ehuo_

457人浏览 · 2022-06-23 10:25:39

ehuo_ · 2022-06-23 10:25:39 发布

zabbix实战

实验一：安装zabbix5.0

范例: 在ubuntu20.04 安装 Zabbix Server 5.0

#官网下载
root@ubuntu2004:~# wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb
--2022-06-22 21:33:23--  https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb
Resolving repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)... 178.128.6.101, 2604:a880:2:d0::2062:d001
Connecting to repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)|178.128.6.101|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 4244 (4.1K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb’

zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all 100%[====================================================>]   4.14K  --.-KB/s    in 0s      

2022-06-22 21:33:24 (367 MB/s) - ‘zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb’ saved [4244/4244]

root@ubuntu2004:~# dpkg -i zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb
Selecting previously unselected package zabbix-release.
(Reading database ... 114056 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb ...
Unpacking zabbix-release (1:5.0-1+focal) ...
Setting up zabbix-release (1:5.0-1+focal) ...

root@ubuntu2004:~# dpkg -L zabbix-release
/.
/etc
/etc/apt
/etc/apt/sources.list.d
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/zabbix.list
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/zabbix-official-repo.gpg
/usr
/usr/share
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-release
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-release/README.Debian
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-release/changelog.Debian
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-release/copyright

#镜像加速
root@ubuntu2004:/etc/apt/sources.list.d# sed -i.bak 's#http://repo.zabbix.com#https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix#' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zabbix.list

oot@ubuntu2004:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zabbix.list
deb https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/ubuntu focal main
deb-src https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/ubuntu focal main

root@ubuntu2004:~# apt update

#安装包
root@ubuntu2004:~#apt -y  install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-nginx-conf zabbix-agent2 zabbix-get

#安装数据库MySQL
root@ubuntu2004:~# apt -y install mysql-server

#如果MySQL和ZabbixServer在同一台主机,此项可不改
[root@zabbix-server ~]#vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
bind-address     = 0.0.0.0
[root@zabbix-server ~]#systemctl restart mysql.service

mysql> create database zbbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)

mysql> create user zabbix@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@'10.0.0.%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| zabbix           | 10.0.0.%  |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

#初绐化数据库的表
[root@zabbix-server ~]#zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p123456 zabbix

#修改Zabbix Server 连接MySQL
[root@zabbix-server ~]#vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
DBPassword=123456

root@ubuntu2004:~# cat /etc/zabbix/nginx.conf
server {
        listen 80;
        server_name     zabbix.ehuo.org; #修改主机名
#        listen          80;
#        server_name     example.com;

        root    /usr/share/zabbix;

        index   index.php;

        location = /favicon.ico {
                log_not_found   off;
        }

        location / {
                try_files       $uri $uri/ =404;
        }

        location /assets {
                access_log      off;
                expires         10d;
        }

        location ~ /\.ht {
                deny            all;
        }

        location ~ /(api\/|conf[^\.]|include|locale|vendor) {
                deny            all;
                return          404;
        }

        location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) {
                fastcgi_pass    unix:/var/run/php/zabbix.sock;
                fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
                fastcgi_index   index.php;

                fastcgi_param   DOCUMENT_ROOT   /usr/share/zabbix;
                fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/zabbix$fastcgi_script_name;
                fastcgi_param   PATH_TRANSLATED /usr/share/zabbix$fastcgi_script_name;

                include fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_param   QUERY_STRING    $query_string;
                fastcgi_param   REQUEST_METHOD  $request_method;
                fastcgi_param   CONTENT_TYPE    $content_type;
                fastcgi_param   CONTENT_LENGTH  $content_length;

                fastcgi_intercept_errors        on;
                fastcgi_ignore_client_abort     off;
                fastcgi_connect_timeout         60;
                fastcgi_send_timeout            180;
                fastcgi_read_timeout            180;
                fastcgi_buffer_size             128k;
                fastcgi_buffers                 4 256k;
                fastcgi_busy_buffers_size       256k;
                fastcgi_temp_file_write_size    256k;
        }
}
root@ubuntu2004:~# 

root@ubuntu2004:~# sed -i.bak '/date.timezone/c php_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai' /etc/zabbix/php-fpm.conf
root@ubuntu2004:~# ^C
root@ubuntu2004:~# cat /etc/zabbix/php-fpm.conf
[zabbix]
user = www-data
group = www-data

listen = /var/run/php/zabbix.sock
listen.owner = www-data
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35

php_value[session.save_handler] = files
php_value[session.save_path]    = /var/lib/php/sessions/

php_value[max_execution_time] = 300
php_value[memory_limit] = 128M
php_value[post_max_size] = 16M
php_value[upload_max_filesize] = 2M
php_value[max_input_time] = 300
php_value[max_input_vars] = 10000
php_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai

#安装中文包
[root@zabbix-server ~]#apt -y install language-pack-zh-hans

root@ubuntu2004:~# systemctl disable --now apache2
Synchronizing state of apache2.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install disable apache2
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/apache2.service.
root@ubuntu2004:~# systemctl restart  zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 nginx php7.4-fpm
root@ubuntu2004:~# systemctl enable   zabbix-server
Synchronizing state of zabbix-server.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable zabbix-server
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service → /lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
root@ubuntu2004:~#

第一次登录, 默认的用户名是 Admin，密码是zabbix
在这里插入图片描述

安装zabbix5.0脚本

wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb
dpkg -i zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb
sed -i.bak 's#http://repo.zabbix.com#https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix#' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zabbix.list
apt update
apt -y  install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-nginx-conf zabbix-agent2
apt -y install mysql-server
cat << EOF | mysql
create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
create user zabbix@localhost identified by '123456';
grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;
EOF

zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p123456  zabbix

sed -i.bak '/# DBPassword/a DBPassword=123456' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
sed -i.bak '/^server/a\        listen 80;\n        server_name     zabbix.ehuo.org;' /etc/zabbix/nginx.conf

sed -i.bak '/date.timezone/c php_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai' /etc/zabbix/php-fpm.conf

systemctl disable --now apache2

systemctl restart  zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 nginx php7.4-fpm


systemctl enable   zabbix-server

因为字体兼容性的原因,在显示中文时可能会有乱码出现

root@zabbix-server fonts]#pwd
/usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts
#支持ttf和ttc后缀的字体文件
[root@zabbix-server fonts]#mv graphfont.ttf graphfont.ttf.bak
[root@zabbix-server fonts]#mv SIMYOU.TTF graphfont.ttf
[root@zabbix-server fonts]#ls
graphfont.ttf graphfont.ttf.bak
#注意:字体文件路径和名称的定义在文件/usr/share/zabbix/include/defines.inc.php中配置
#可以修改下面FONT_NAME指定新字体件,注意不需加文件后缀
[root@zabbix-server ~]#grep FONT_NAME /usr/share/zabbix/include/defines.inc.php
define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME', 'graphfont'); // font file name
define('ZBX_FONT_NAME', 'graphfont');


root@ubuntu2004:/usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts# mv SIMYOU.TTF graphfont.ttf
root@ubuntu2004:/usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts# ls
graphfont.ttf  graphfont.ttf.bak  MSYH.TTC
root@ubuntu2004:/usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts# grep FONT_NAME /usr/share/zabbix/include/defines.inc.php
define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME',		'graphfont'); // font file name
define('ZBX_FONT_NAME', 'graphfont');
root@ubuntu2004:/usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts#

注意:乱码和语言环境无关,英语环境也支持中文显示,但会有乱码

$[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-5YAFnDn8-1655950813411)(C:\Users\78715\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20220622224459883.png)]$

范例: Rocky8 安装Zabbix Agent2

#从国内镜像下载
[root@rocky8 ~]#rpm -ivh https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/6.0/rhel/8/x86_64/zabbix-agent2-6.0.5-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ql https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/6.0/rhel/8/x86_64/zabbix-agent2-6.0.5-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
warning: https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/6.0/rhel/8/x86_64/zabbix-agent2-6.0.5-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY
/etc/logrotate.d/zabbix-agent2
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/ceph.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/docker.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/memcached.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/modbus.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/mongodb.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/mqtt.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/mysql.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/oracle.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/postgres.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/redis.conf
/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/plugins.d/smart.conf
/usr/lib/.build-id
/usr/lib/.build-id/88
/usr/lib/.build-id/88/e20f765be60a306e65225d3110fae01371ddee
/usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent2.service
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/zabbix_agent2.conf
/usr/sbin/zabbix_agent2
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent2
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent2/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent2/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent2/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent2/NEWS
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-agent2/README
/usr/share/man/man8/zabbix_agent2.8.gz
/var/log/zabbix
/var/run/zabbix
root@rocky8 ~]#vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
Server=zabbix.ehuo.org
[root@rocky8 ~]#systemctl enable --now zabbix-agent2.service
[root@rocky8 ~]#ss -ntlp|grep zabbix
LISTEN 0    128        *:10050      *:*  users:
(("zabbix_agent2",pid=22792,fd=8))

[root@zabbix-server ~]#zabbix_get -s 10.0.0.8 -k agent.ping
1

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$[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-4MFgjt7Y-1655950813413)(C:\Users\78715\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20220623094317648.png)]$

范例：原来生成环境zabbix agent 升级到zabbix agent2

#停止agent 防止端口10050/tcp冲突
[root@rocky8 ~]#system disable --now zabbix-agent

#安装
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#apt -y install zabbix-agent2
[root@centos8 ~]#yum -y install zabbix-agent2

#配置文件和agent相同
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#grep -vE '^$|#' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.pid
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.log
LogFileSize=0
Server=10.0.0.100     #修改此行
ServerActive=127.0.0.1
Hostname=Zabbix server
Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/*.conf
ControlSocket=/tmp/agent.sock
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#systemctl restart zabbix-agent2

#在Zabbix Server测试
[root@zabbix-server ~]#zabbix_get -s 10.0.0.58 -k 'agent.ping'
1

#agent2是多线程
[root@rocky8 ~]#pstree -p|grep zabbix_agent2
     `-zabbix_agent2(1825)-+-{zabbix_agent2}(1826)
                |-{zabbix_agent2}(1827)
                |-{zabbix_agent2}(1828)
                |-{zabbix_agent2}(1829)
                |-{zabbix_agent2}(1830)
                |-{zabbix_agent2}(1831)
                `-{zabbix_agent2}(1833)
                
 #agent是多进程
[root@rocky8 ~]#pstree -p | grep zabbix_agent
     `-zabbix_agentd(1448)-+-zabbix_agentd(1449)
                |-zabbix_agentd(1450)
                |-zabbix_agentd(1451)
                |-zabbix_agentd(1452)
                `-zabbix_agentd(1453)

案例：将Zabbix Server的MySQL 数据库迁移到独立的MySQL服务器

#备份数据库
[root@zabbix-server ~]#mysqldump -uroot -A -F --single-transaction > /data/all.sql
[root@zabbix-server ~]#systemctl stop zabbix-server.service
[root@zabbix-server ~]#systemctl disable --now mysql

#在独立数据库服务器上安装并恢复数据库

[root@mysql-server ~]#apt -y install mysql-server
[root@mysql-server ~]#mysql <  all.sql

#重新授权用户允许远程连接zabbix数据库
[root@mysql-server ~]#mysql
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix'10.0.0.%' identified by '123456';

#将php的配置指向新的数据库服务器IP
[root@zabbix-server ~]#vim /usr/share/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php
$DB['SERVER']      = '10.0.0.101';

#将Zabbix Server的配置指向新的数据库服务器IP
[root@zabbix-server ~]#vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
DBHost=10.0.0.101
DBPort=3306

#重启服务生效
[root@zabbix-server ~]#systemctl start zabbix-server.service

rivileges on zabbix.* to zabbix’10.0.0.%’ identified by ‘123456’;

#将php的配置指向新的数据库服务器IP
[root@zabbix-server ~]#vim /usr/share/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php
$DB[‘SERVER’] = ‘10.0.0.101’;

#将Zabbix Server的配置指向新的数据库服务器IP
[root@zabbix-server ~]#vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
DBHost=10.0.0.101
DBPort=3306

#重启服务生效
[root@zabbix-server ~]#systemctl start zabbix-server.service

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