一、安装K8S包管理器helm3

访问GitHub - helm/helm: The Kubernetes Package Manager下载helm v3.9.0，将helm-v3.9.0-linux-amd64 .tar.gz解压至自定义的安装位置，例如/usr/local/helm，创建软链接，命令如下

ln -s /usr/bin/helm /usr/local/helm/helm

如果想安装helm插件，可以使用以下命令查看插件安装位置，将helm插件解压到插件安装位置即可

helm env

添加bitnami charts仓库，命令如下

helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami

二、安装kafaka

直接到官方仓库Artifact Hub，搜索到bitnami/kafka，按照官方说明执行出现错误download错误，即使安装成功，pod状态也是一直pending，经过摸索，具体的安装步骤如下，能够成功在k8s集群中部署kafka，

下载kafka-17.2.6.tgz并解压

 wget https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami/kafka-17.2.6.tgz&&tar -zxf kafka-17.2.6.tgz

修改解压目录下的values.yaml

   podSecurityContext:
      enabled: true
      fsGroup: 1001
      runAsUser: 1001//添加这一行，允许1001的用户运行pod

添加两个持久卷(pv)，yaml文件分别为

kafka-pv-volume.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: kafka-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:
  #storageClassName: manual
  claimRef:
    namespace: default
    #此处为kafka安装产生的pvc名称，使用kubectl get pvc -A获取即可
    name: data-mykafka-0 
  capacity:
    storage: 8Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/usr/local/kafka/data"

kafka-zookeeper-pv-volume.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: kafka-zookeeper-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:
  #storageClassName: manual
  claimRef:
    namespace: default
    #此处为kafka安装产生的pvc名称，使用kubectl get pvc -A获取即可
    name: data-mykafka-zookeeper-0 
  capacity:
    storage: 8Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/usr/local/kafka/zookeeper/data"

执行命令，创建持久卷

kubectl create -f kafka-pv-volume.yaml
kubectl create -f kafka-zookeeper-pv-volume.yaml

执行命令，将映射目录的权限给1001用户

chown -R 1001:1001 /usr/local/kafka/data/
chown -R 1001:1001 /usr/local/kafka/zookeeper/

最后执行，即可使kafaka在k8s集群上运行成功

[root@k8s-master charts]# helm install mykafka kafka
Release "mykafka" has been upgraded. Happy Helming!
NAME: mykafka
LAST DEPLOYED: Tue Jun 14 19:07:25 2022
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 5
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
CHART NAME: kafka
CHART VERSION: 17.2.6
APP VERSION: 3.2.0

** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **

Kafka can be accessed by consumers via port 9092 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:

    mykafka.default.svc.cluster.local

Each Kafka broker can be accessed by producers via port 9092 on the following DNS name(s) from within your cluster:

    mykafka-0.mykafka-headless.default.svc.cluster.local:9092

To create a pod that you can use as a Kafka client run the following commands:

    kubectl run mykafka-client --restart='Never' --image docker.io/bitnami/kafka:3.2.0-debian-11-r3 --namespace default --command -- sleep infinity
    kubectl exec --tty -i mykafka-client --namespace default -- bash

    PRODUCER:
        kafka-console-producer.sh \

            --broker-list mykafka-0.mykafka-headless.default.svc.cluster.local:9092 \
            --topic test

    CONSUMER:
        kafka-console-consumer.sh \

            --bootstrap-server mykafka.default.svc.cluster.local:9092 \
            --topic test \
            --from-beginning

总结：bitnami/kafaka没有创建持久卷，需要先创建kafka需要的持久卷，另外将持久卷映射的目录权限赋予对应的用户，当使用kubectl describe pods 展示状态一直不变时，可以使用kubectl logs [pod_name]来查看具体什么原因导致pod挂起。