使用kubeadm的方式搭建k8s(1.18.2版本)高可用集群
微信公众号：运维开发故事，作者：double冬最近公司需要在测试环境搭建一个1.18版本的k8s高可用方式，因此采用kubeadm的方式搭建，如果想更熟悉k8s的各个组件的话还是建议使用二进制搭建学习。在自己本地搭建测试了一番，安全可靠，希望对大家有帮助！如果觉得有用的话就帮忙点个关注或转发资源下载资料下载1.下文需要的yaml文件所在的github地址如下：https://github.com/
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微信公众号：运维开发故事，作者：double冬
最近公司需要在测试环境搭建一个1.18版本的k8s高可用方式，因此采用kubeadm的方式搭建，如果想更熟悉k8s的各个组件的话还是建议使用二进制搭建学习。在自己本地搭建测试了一番，安全可靠，希望对大家有帮助！如果觉得有用的话就帮忙点个关注或转发
资源下载
资料下载
1.下文需要的yaml文件所在的github地址如下：
https://github.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/tree/master
大家可以把我的github仓库fork到你们自己的仓库里，这样就可以永久保存了，下面提供的yaml访问地址如果不能访问，那么就把这个github上的内容clone和下载到自己电脑
2.下文里提到的初始化k8s集群需要的镜像获取方式：镜像在百度网盘，链接如下：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1k1heJy8lLnDk2JEFyRyJdA
提取码：udkj
1 节点规划信息
| 角色 | IP地址 | 系统 |
|---|---|---|
| k8s-master01 | 10.211.55.3 | 「CentOS7.6.1810」 |
| k8s-master02 | 10.211.55.5 | 「CentOS7.6.1810」 |
| k8s-master03 | 10.211.55.6 | 「CentOS7.6.1810」 |
| k8s-node01 | 10.211.55.7 | 「CentOS7.6.1810」 |
| k8s-lb | 10.211.55.10 | 「CentOS7.6.1810」 |
2 基础环境准备
- 环境信息 | 软件 | 版本 | | — | — | | kubernetes | 1.18.2 | | docker | 19.0.3 |
2.1 环境初始化
1）配置主机名，以k8s-master01为例(需要依次根据节点规划角色修改主机名)
❝
k8s-lb不需要设置
❞
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master01
2）配置主机hosts映射
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.1.10.100 k8s-master01
10.1.10.101 k8s-master02
10.1.10.102 k8s-master03
10.1.10.103 k8s-node01
10.1.10.200 k8s-lb
配置完后可以通过如下命令测试
[root@localhost ~]# for host in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-lb;do ping -c 1 $host;done
PING k8s-master01 (10.211.55.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from k8s-master01 (10.211.55.3): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.063 ms
--- k8s-master01 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.063/0.063/0.063/0.000 ms
PING k8s-master02 (10.211.55.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from k8s-master02 (10.211.55.5): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.369 ms
--- k8s-master02 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.369/0.369/0.369/0.000 ms
PING k8s-master03 (10.211.55.6) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from k8s-master03 (10.211.55.6): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.254 ms
.....
❝
这里ping k8s-lb不通，是因为我们还没配置VIP
❞
3）禁用防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
4）关闭selinux
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i "s/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
5）关闭swap分区
[root@localhost ~]# swapoff -a # 临时
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab #永久
6）时间同步
[root@localhost ~]# yum install chrony -y
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable chronyd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start chronyd
[root@localhost ~]# chronyc sources
7）配置ulimt
[root@localhost ~]# ulimit -SHn 65535
8）配置内核参数
[root@localhost ~]# cat >> /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
vm.swappiness=0
EOF
[root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p
2.2 内核升级
由于centos7.6的系统默认内核版本是3.10，3.10的内核有很多BUG，最常见的一个就是group memory leak(四台主机都要执行)
1）下载所需要的内核版本，我这里采用rpm安装，所以直接下载的rpm包
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://cbs.centos.org/kojifiles/packages/kernel/4.9.220/37.el7/x86_64/kernel-4.9.220-37.el7.x86_64.rpm
2）执行rpm升级即可
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh kernel-4.9.220-37.el7.x86_64.rpm
3）升级完reboot，然后查看内核是否成功升级
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# uname -r
3 组件安装
3.1 安装ipvs
3）安装ipvs需要的软件
由于我准备使用ipvs作为kube-proxy的代理模式，所以需要安装相应的软件包。
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# yum install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y
2）加载模块
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack
modprobe -- ip_tables
modprobe -- ip_set
modprobe -- xt_set
modprobe -- ipt_set
modprobe -- ipt_rpfilter
modprobe -- ipt_REJECT
modprobe -- ipip
EOF
❝
注意：在内核4.19版本nf_conntrack_ipv4已经改为nf_conntrack
❞
3）配置重启自动加载
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack
3.2 安装docker-ce
❝
所有主机都需要安装
❞
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# # 安装需要的软件
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# # 添加yum源
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
- 查看是否有docker-ce包
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# yum list | grep docker-ce
containerd.io.x86_64 1.2.13-3.1.el7 docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.8-3.el7 docker-ce-stable
docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:19.03.8-3.el7 docker-ce-stable
docker-ce-selinux.noarch 17.03.3.ce-1.el7 docker-ce-stable
- 安装docker-ce
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# yum install docker-ce-19.03.8-3.el7 -y
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# systemctl enable docker
- 配置镜像加速
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# systemctl restart docker
3.3 安装kubernetes组件
❝
以上操作在所有节点执行
❞
- 添加yum源
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
- 安装软件
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# yum install -y kubelet-1.18.2-0 kubeadm-1.18.2-0 kubectl-1.18.2-0 --disableexcludes=kubernetes
- 将kubelet设置为开机自启动
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet.service
4 集群初始化
4.1 配置集群高可用
高可用采用的是HAProxy+Keepalived来进行高可用和master节点的流量负载均衡，HAProxy和KeepAlived以守护进程的方式在所有Master节点部署
- 安装软件
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# yum install keepalived haproxy -y
- 配置haproxy
所有master节点的配置相同，如下：
❝
注意：把apiserver地址改成自己节点规划的master地址
❞
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
# to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
# need to:
#
# 1) configure syslog to accept network log events. This is done
# by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
# file. A line like the following can be added to
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log
#
log 127.0.0.1 local2
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
maxconn 4000
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
# turn on stats unix socket
stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
mode http
log global
option httplog
option dontlognull
option http-server-close
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# kubernetes apiserver frontend which proxys to the backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
frontend kubernetes
mode tcp
bind *:16443
option tcplog
default_backend kubernetes-apiserver
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend kubernetes-apiserver
mode tcp
balance roundrobin
server k8s-master01 10.211.55.3:6443 check
server k8s-master02 10.211.55.5:6443 check
server k8s-master03 10.211.55.6:6443 check
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# collection haproxy statistics message
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
listen stats
bind *:9999
stats auth admin:P@ssW0rd
stats refresh 5s
stats realm HAProxy\ Statistics
stats uri /admin?stats
- 配置keepalived
k8s-master01
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
vrrp_garp_interval 0
vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
# 定义脚本
vrrp_script check_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 2
weight -5
fall 3
rise 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.211.55.10
}
# 调用脚本
#track_script {
# check_apiserver
#}
}
k8s-master02节点配置
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
vrrp_garp_interval 0
vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
# 定义脚本
vrrp_script check_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 2
weight -5
fall 3
rise 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 99
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.211.55.10
}
# 调用脚本
#track_script {
# check_apiserver
#}
}
k8s-master03节点配置
[root@k8s-master03 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
vrrp_garp_interval 0
vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
# 定义脚本
vrrp_script check_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 2
weight -5
fall 3
rise 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 98
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.211.55.10
}
# 调用脚本
#track_script {
# check_apiserver
#}
}
编写健康检测脚本
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/check-apiserver.sh
#!/bin/bash
function check_apiserver(){
for ((i=0;i<5;i++))
do
apiserver_job_id=${pgrep kube-apiserver}
if [[ ! -z ${apiserver_job_id} ]];then
return
else
sleep 2
fi
apiserver_job_id=0
done
}
# 1->running 0->stopped
check_apiserver
if [[ $apiserver_job_id -eq 0 ]];then
/usr/bin/systemctl stop keepalived
exit 1
else
exit 0
fi
启动haproxy和keepalived
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# systemctl enable --now keepalived
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# systemctl enable --now haproxy
4.2 部署master
1）在k8s-master01上，编写kubeadm.yaml配置文件，如下：
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cat >> kubeadm.yaml <<EOF
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.18.2
imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
controlPlaneEndpoint: "k8s-lb:16443"
networking:
dnsDomain: cluster.local
podSubnet: 192.168.0.0/16
serviceSubnet: 10.211.0.0/12
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
featureGates:
SupportIPVSProxyMode: true
mode: ipv
EOF
2）下载镜像
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubeadm config images pull --config kubeadm.yaml
镜像地址是使用的阿里云的地址，理论上应该也会很快，大家也可以直接下载文中开头所提供的镜像，然后导入到节点中
docker load -i 1-18-kube-apiserver.tar.gz
docker load -i 1-18-kube-scheduler.tar.gz
docker load -i 1-18-kube-controller-manager.tar.gz
docker load -i 1-18-pause.tar.gz
docker load -i 1-18-cordns.tar.gz
docker load -i 1-18-etcd.tar.gz
docker load -i 1-18-kube-proxy.tar.gz
说明：
pause版本是3.2，用到的镜像是k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2
etcd版本是3.4.3，用到的镜像是k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0
cordns版本是1.6.7，用到的镜像是k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.7
apiserver、scheduler、controller-manager、kube-proxy版本是1.18.2，用到的镜像分别是
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.18.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.18.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.18.2
3）进行初始化
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubeadm init --config kubeadm.yaml
W0514 01:09:20.846675 11871 configset.go:202] WARNING: kubeadm cannot validate component configs for API groups [kubelet.config.k8s.io kubeproxy.config.k8s.io]
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.18.2
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master01 kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local k8s-lb] and IPs [10.208.0.1 10.211.55.3]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master01 localhost] and IPs [10.211.55.3 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master01 localhost] and IPs [10.211.55.3 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
W0514 01:09:26.356826 11871 manifests.go:225] the default kube-apiserver authorization-mode is "Node,RBAC"; using "Node,RBAC"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
W0514 01:09:26.358323 11871 manifests.go:225] the default kube-apiserver authorization-mode is "Node,RBAC"; using "Node,RBAC"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 21.018365 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.18" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master01 as control-plane by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''"
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master01 as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: q4ui64.gp5g5rezyusy9xw9
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[endpoint] WARNING: port specified in controlPlaneEndpoint overrides bindPort in the controlplane address
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities
and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root:
kubeadm join k8s-lb:16443 --token q4ui64.gp5g5rezyusy9xw9 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1b7cd42c825288a53df23dcd818aa03253b0c7e7e9317fa92bde2fb853d899d1 \
--control-plane
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join k8s-lb:16443 --token q4ui64.gp5g5rezyusy9xw9 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1b7cd42c825288a53df23dcd818aa03253b0c7e7e9317fa92bde2fb853d899d1
❝
最后输出的kubeadm jion需要记录下来，后面的master节点和node节点需要用
❞
4）配置环境变量
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cat >> /root/.bashrc <<EOF
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
EOF
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# source /root/.bashrc
5）查看节点状态
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 NotReady master 3m47s v1.18.2
6）安装网络插件
❝
如果有节点是多网卡，所以需要在资源清单文件中指定内网网卡（如何单网卡可以不用修改）)
❞
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.8/manifests/calico.yaml
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# vi calico.yaml
......
containers:
# Runs calico-node container on each Kubernetes node. This
# container programs network policy and routes on each
# host.
- name: calico-node
image: calico/node:v3.8.8-1
env:
# Use Kubernetes API as the backing datastore.
- name: DATASTORE_TYPE
value: "kubernetes"
# Wait for the datastore.
- name: IP_AUTODETECTION_METHOD # DaemonSet中添加该环境变量
value: interface=ens33 # 指定内网网卡
- name: WAIT_FOR_DATASTORE
value: "true"
# Set based on the k8s node name.
- name: NODENAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: spec.nodeName
......
# 安装calico网络插件
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
当网络插件安装完成后，查看node节点信息如下：
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 Ready master 10m v1.18.2
可以看到状态已经从NotReady变为ready了。
7）将master02加入集群
- 下载镜像
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# kubeadm config images pull --config kubeadm.yaml
- 加入集群
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# kubeadm join k8s-lb:16443 --token q4ui64.gp5g5rezyusy9xw9 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1b7cd42c825288a53df23dcd818aa03253b0c7e7e9317fa92bde2fb853d899d1 \
--control-plane
- 输出如下：
...
This node has joined the cluster and a new control plane instance was created:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and approval was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.
* Control plane (master) label and taint were applied to the new node.
* The Kubernetes control plane instances scaled up.
* A new etcd member was added to the local/stacked etcd cluster.
To start administering your cluster from this node, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Run 'kubectl get nodes' to see this node join the cluster.
...
- 配置环境变量
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# cat >> /root/.bashrc <<EOF
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
EOF
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# source /root/.bashrc
-
另一台的操作一样,把master03加入集群
-
查看集群状态
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 Ready master 41m v1.18.2
k8s-master02 Ready master 29m v1.18.2
k8s-master03 Ready master 27m v1.18.2
- 查看集群组件状态
全部都Running，则所有组件都正常了，不正常，可以具体查看pod日志进行排查
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
calico-kube-controllers-77c5fc8d7f-stl57 1/1 Running 0 26m k8s-master01 <none> <none>
calico-node-ppsph 1/1 Running 0 26m k8s-master01 <none> <none>
calico-node-tl6sq 1/1 Running 0 26m k8s-master02 <none> <none>
calico-node-w92qh 1/1 Running 0 26m k8s-master03 <none> <none>
coredns-546565776c-vtlhr 1/1 Running 0 42m k8s-master01 <none> <none>
coredns-546565776c-wz9bk 1/1 Running 0 42m k8s-master01 <none> <none>
etcd-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 42m k8s-master01 <none> <none>
etcd-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 0 30m k8s-master02 <none> <none>
etcd-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 28m k8s-master03 <none> <none>
kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 42m k8s-master01 <none> <none>
kube-apiserver-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 0 30m k8s-master02 <none> <none>
kube-apiserver-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 28m k8s-master03 <none> <none>
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 1 42m k8s-master01 <none> <none>
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 1 30m k8s-master02 <none> <none>
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 28m k8s-master03 <none> <none>
kube-proxy-6sbpp 1/1 Running 0 28m k8s-master03 <none> <none>
kube-proxy-dpppr 1/1 Running 0 42m k8s-master01 <none> <none>
kube-proxy-ln7l7 1/1 Running 0 30m k8s-master02 <none> <none>
kube-scheduler-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 1 42m k8s-master01 <none> <none>
kube-scheduler-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 1 30m k8s-master02 <none> <none>
kube-scheduler-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 28m k8s-master03 <none> <none>
- 查看CSR
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
csr-cfl2w 42m kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet system:node:k8s-master01 Approved,Issued
csr-mm7g7 28m kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet system:bootstrap:3k4vr0 Approved,Issued
csr-qzn6r 30m kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet system:bootstrap:3k4vr0 Approved,Issued
4.3 部署node
- node节点只需加入集群即可
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubeadm join k8s-lb:16443 --token q4ui64.gp5g5rezyusy9xw9 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1b7cd42c825288a53df23dcd818aa03253b0c7e7e9317fa92bde2fb853d899d1
- 输出日志如下：
W0509 23:24:12.159733 10635 join.go:346] [preflight] WARNING: JoinControlPane.controlPlane settings will be ignored when control-plane flag is not set.
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
[preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
[kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.18" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...
This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.
Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.
- 最后然后查看集群节点信息
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 Ready master 47m v1.18.2
k8s-master02 Ready master 35m v1.18.2
k8s-master03 Ready master 32m v1.18.2
k8s-node01 Ready node01 55s v1.18.2
5 测试集群高可用
关闭master01主机，然后查看整个集群。
# 模拟关掉keepalived
systemctl stop keepalived
# 然后查看集群是否可用
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1c:42:ab:d3:44 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.211.55.5/24 brd 10.211.55.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0
valid_lft 1429sec preferred_lft 1429sec
inet 10.211.55.10/32 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:72b2:f577:d0e6:50a/64 scope global noprefixroute dynamic
valid_lft 2591676sec preferred_lft 604476sec
inet6 fe80::c202:94c6:b940:2d6b/64 scope link noprefixroute
......
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 Ready master 64m v1.18.2
k8s-master02 Ready master 52m v1.18.2
k8s-master03 Ready master 50m v1.18.2
k8s-node01 Ready <none> 18m v1.18.2
[root@k8s-master02 ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
calico-kube-controllers-77c5fc8d7f-stl57 1/1 Running 0 49m
calico-node-8t5ft 1/1 Running 0 19m
calico-node-ppsph 1/1 Running 0 49m
calico-node-tl6sq 1/1 Running 0 49m
calico-node-w92qh 1/1 Running 0 49m
coredns-546565776c-vtlhr 1/1 Running 0 65m
coredns-546565776c-wz9bk 1/1 Running 0 65m
etcd-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 65m
etcd-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 0 53m
etcd-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 51m
kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 65m
kube-apiserver-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 0 53m
kube-apiserver-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 51m
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 65m
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 1 53m
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 51m
kube-proxy-6sbpp 1/1 Running 0 51m
kube-proxy-dpppr 1/1 Running 0 65m
kube-proxy-ln7l7 1/1 Running 0 53m
kube-proxy-r5ltk 1/1 Running 0 19m
kube-scheduler-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 65m
kube-scheduler-k8s-master02 1/1 Running 1 53m
kube-scheduler-k8s-master03 1/1 Running 0 51m
6 安装自动补全命令
yum install -y bash-completion
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
source <(kubectl completion bash)
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc
7 「安装kubernetes-dashboard-2版本（kubernetes的web ui界面）」
把kubernetes-dashboard镜像上传到各个节点，按照如下方法通过docker load -i解压，镜像地址在文章开头处的百度网盘里，可自行下载
docker load -i dashboard_2_0_0.tar.gz
docker load -i metrics-scrapter-1-0-1.tar.gz
解压出来的镜像是kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.0.0-beta8和kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.1
7.1 在master01节点操作
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
❝
kubernetes-dashboard.yaml文件内容在如下链接地址处复制https://raw.githubusercontent.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/master/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
❞
上面如果访问不了，可以访问下面的链接，然后把下面的分支克隆和下载，手动把yaml文件传到master1上即可：
https://github.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3
- 验证
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper-694557449d-8xmtf 1/1 Running 0 60s
kubernetes-dashboard-5f98bdb684-ph9wg 1/1 Running 2 60s
- 查看dashboard前端的service
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.211.23.9 <none> 8000/TCP 3m59s
kubernetes-dashboard ClusterIP 10.211.253.155 <none> 443/TCP 50s
- 修改service type类型变成NodePort
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl edit svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard
把type: ClusterIP变成 type: NodePort，保存退出即可。
- 查看对外暴露的端口
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.211.23.9 <none> 8000/TCP 3m59s
kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.211.253.155 <none> 443:31175/TCP 4m
上面可看到service类型是NodePort，访问master1节点ip:31175端口即可访问kubernetes dashboard，我的环境需要输入如下地址
https://10.211.55.10:31775/
7.2 「通过yaml文件里指定的默认的token登陆dashboard」
「1) 查看kubernetes-dashboard名称空间下的secret」
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME TYPE DATA AGE
default-token-vxd7t kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 5m27s
kubernetes-dashboard-certs Opaque 0 5m27s
kubernetes-dashboard-csrf Opaque 1 5m27s
kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder Opaque 2 5m27s
kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 5m27s
「2）找到对应的带有token的kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg」
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl describe secret kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg -n kubernetes-dashboard
「记住token后面的值，把下面的token值复制到浏览器token登陆处即可登陆：」
点击sing in登陆，显示如下，默认是只能看到default名称空间内容
**「创建管理员token，可查看任何空间权限」
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-cluster-admin--clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kubernetes-dashboard:kubernetes-dashboard
「找到对应的带有token的kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg」
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl describe secret kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg -n kubernetes-dashboard
「记住token后面的值，把下面的token值复制到浏览器token登陆处即可登陆,这样就有权限查看所有的资源了」
**
「8 安装metrics组件」
把metrics-server-amd64_0_3_1.tar.gz和addon.tar.gz镜像上传到各个节点，按照如下方法通过docker load -i解压，镜像地址在文章开头处的百度网盘里，可自行下载
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker load -i metrics-server-amd64_0_3_1.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker load -i addon.tar.gz
metrics-server版本0.3.1，用到的镜像是k8s.gcr.io/metrics-server-amd64:v0.3.1
addon-resizer版本是1.8.4，用到的镜像是k8s.gcr.io/addon-resizer:1.8.4
8.1 在k8s的master1节点操作
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl apply -f metrics.yaml
metrics.yaml文件内容在如下链接地址处复制
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/master/metrics.yaml
上面如果访问不了，可以访问下面的链接，然后把下面的分支克隆和下载，手动把yaml文件传到master1上即可：
https://github.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3
- 验证
上面组件都安装之后，查看组件安装是否正常，STATUS状态是Running，说明组件正常，如下所示：
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATE
calico-node-h66ll 1/1 Running 0 51m 192.168.0.56 node1 <none>
calico-node-r4k6w 1/1 Running 0 58m 192.168.0.6 master1 <none>
coredns-66bff467f8-2cj5k 1/1 Running 0 70m 10.244.0.3 master1 <none>
coredns-66bff467f8-nl9zt 1/1 Running 0 70m 10.244.0.2 master1 <none>
etcd-master1 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 <none>
kube-apiserver-master1 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 <none>
kube-controller-manager-master1 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 <none>
kube-proxy-qts4n 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 <none>
kube-proxy-x647c 1/1 Running 0 51m 192.168.0.56 node1 <none>
kube-scheduler-master1 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 <none>
metrics-server-8459f8db8c-gqsks 2/2 Running 0 16s 10.244.1.6 node1 <none>
traefik-ingress-controller-xhcfb 1/1 Running 0 39m 192.168.0.6 master1 <none>
traefik-ingress-controller-zkdpt 1/1 Running 0 39m 192.168.0.56 node1 <none>
上面如果看到metrics-server-8459f8db8c-gqsks是running状态，说明metrics-server组件部署成功了，接下来就可以在master1节点上使用kubectl top pods -n kube-system或者kubectl top nodes命令
公众号：运维开发故事
github：https://github.com/orgs/sunsharing-note/dashboard
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