回答问题

我使用python-telegram-bot并尝试像 BotFather 机器人那样构建一个嵌套菜单系统。例如,您有一个通用的机器人菜单

您可以在其中选择“编辑机器人”并获得新的相应菜单

带有返回上一个菜单的选项。

我尝试用代码实现这一点:

# main menu
def start(bot, update):
    menu_main = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Option 1', callback_data='m1')],
                 [InlineKeyboardButton('Option 2', callback_data='m2')],
                 [InlineKeyboardButton('Option 3', callback_data='m3')]]
    reply_markup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(menu_main)
    update.message.reply_text('Choose the option:', reply_markup=reply_markup)

# all other menus
def menu_actions(bot, update):
    query = update.callback_query

    if query.data == 'm1':
        # first submenu
        menu_1 = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 1-1', callback_data='m1_1')],
                  [InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 1-2', callback_data='m1_2')]]
        reply_markup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(menu_1)
        bot.edit_message_text(chat_id=query.message.chat_id,
                              message_id=query.message.message_id,
                              text='Choose the option:',
                              reply_markup=reply_markup)
    elif query.data == 'm2':
        # second submenu
        # first submenu
        menu_2 = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 2-1', callback_data='m2_1')],
                  [InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 2-2', callback_data='m2_2')]]
        reply_markup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(menu_2)
        bot.edit_message_text(chat_id=query.message.chat_id,
                              message_id=query.message.message_id,
                              text='Choose the option:',
                              reply_markup=reply_markup)
    elif query.data == 'm1_1':
        ...
    elif query.data == 'm1_2':
        ...
    # and so on for every callback_data option

...

# handlers
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start))
dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(menu_actions))

这段代码有效,但我感觉它有点不合理——构建一个长的elif树。

此外,我无法弄清楚如何为用户提供从二级菜单返回主菜单的选项(因为主菜单位于另一个处理程序中,我无法通过来自CallbackQueryHandler的回调来捕获它) .

所以问题是——构建这种菜单系统的最佳实践是什么?

Answers

@dzNET 的好答案。但它在 V12 中不起作用,所以我做了一点改动

from telegram.ext import CommandHandler, CallbackQueryHandler
from telegram import InlineKeyboardButton, InlineKeyboardMarkup
############################### Bot ############################################
def start(update, context):
  update.message.reply_text(main_menu_message(),
                            reply_markup=main_menu_keyboard())

def main_menu(update,context):
  query = update.callback_query
  query.answer()
  query.edit_message_text(
                        text=main_menu_message(),
                        reply_markup=main_menu_keyboard())

def first_menu(update,context):
  query = update.callback_query
  query.answer()
  query.edit_message_text(
                        text=first_menu_message(),
                        reply_markup=first_menu_keyboard())

def second_menu(update,context):
  query = update.callback_query
  query.answer()
  query.edit_message_text(
                        text=second_menu_message(),
                        reply_markup=second_menu_keyboard())

# and so on for every callback_data option
def first_submenu(bot, update):
  pass

def second_submenu(bot, update):
  pass

############################ Keyboards #########################################
def main_menu_keyboard():
  keyboard = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Option 1', callback_data='m1')],
              [InlineKeyboardButton('Option 2', callback_data='m2')],
              [InlineKeyboardButton('Option 3', callback_data='m3')]]
  return InlineKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)

def first_menu_keyboard():
  keyboard = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 1-1', callback_data='m1_1')],
              [InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 1-2', callback_data='m1_2')],
              [InlineKeyboardButton('Main menu', callback_data='main')]]
  return InlineKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)

def second_menu_keyboard():
  keyboard = [[InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 2-1', callback_data='m2_1')],
              [InlineKeyboardButton('Submenu 2-2', callback_data='m2_2')],
              [InlineKeyboardButton('Main menu', callback_data='main')]]
  return InlineKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)

############################# Messages #########################################
def main_menu_message():
  return 'Choose the option in main menu:'

def first_menu_message():
  return 'Choose the submenu in first menu:'

def second_menu_message():
  return 'Choose the submenu in second menu:'

############################# Handlers #########################################
updater = Updater('YOUR_TOKEN_HERE', use_context=True)

updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(main_menu, pattern='main'))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(first_menu, pattern='m1'))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(second_menu, pattern='m2'))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(first_submenu,
                                                    pattern='m1_1'))
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(second_submenu,
                                                    pattern='m2_1'))

updater.start_polling()

再次感谢@dzNET