k8s之系统初始化(一)
初始化1.安装依赖包yum -y install tree lrzsz nmap nc telnet vim wget lsof network-tools bash-completion bash-completion-extras net-tools epel-release createrepo conntrack ntpdate ntp ipvsadm ipset jq iptables
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初始化
1.安装依赖包
yum -y install tree lrzsz nmap nc telnet vim wget lsof network-tools bash-completion bash-completion-extras net-tools epel-release createrepo conntrack ntpdate ntp ipvsadm ipset jq iptables curl sysstat libseccomp wget vim net-tools git net-tools
2.更新yum源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
3.设置系统主机名以及 Host 文件的相互解析
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.0.156 k8s-master01
192.168.0.45 k8s-node01
192.168.0.44 k8s-node02
4.设置防火墙为 Iptables 并设置空规则
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
yum -y install iptables-services && systemctl start iptables && systemctl enable iptables && iptables -F && service iptables save
5.关闭SELINUX
#关闭swap分区虚拟内存
swapoff -a && sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab
setenforce 0 && sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
6.调整内核参数,对于 K8S
cat > kubernetes.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0
vm.swappiness=0 # 禁止使用 swap 空间,只有当系统 OOM 时才允许使用它
vm.overcommit_memory=1 # 不检查物理内存是否够用
vm.panic_on_oom=0 # 开启 OOM
fs.inotify.max_user_instances=8192
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=1048576
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
EOF
cp kubernetes.conf /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf
7.关闭系统不需要服务
systemctl stop postfix && systemctl disable postfix
8.设置 rsyslogd 和 systemd journald(日志方案改为journald)
# 持久化保存日志的目录
mkdir /var/log/journal
mkdir /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d
cat > /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/99-prophet.conf <<EOF
[Journal]
# 持久化保存到磁盘
Storage=persistent
# 压缩历史日志
Compress=yes
SyncIntervalSec=5m
RateLimitInterval=30s
RateLimitBurst=1000
# 最大占用空间 10G
SystemMaxUse=10G
# 单日志文件最大 200M
SystemMaxFileSize=200M
# 日志保存时间 2 周
MaxRetentionSec=2week
# 不将日志转发到 syslog
ForwardToSyslog=no
EOF
systemctl restart systemd-journald
9.升级系统内核为4.44
内核软件包地址备用:
https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/linux-4.4.189.tar.gz
CentOS 7.x 系统自带的 3.10.x 内核存在一些 Bugs,导致运行的 Docker、Kubernetes 不稳定,例如: rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install -y kernel-lt
#查看都有哪些内核
awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {print i++ " : " $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
grub2-set-default 'CentOS Linux (4.4.217-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)'
#重启主机
reboot
#查看内核
uname -r
本文章为我自己的学习笔记,难免有些遗漏,欢迎指正。遇事不慌,大隆来帮,也请大家关注我,支持我,谢谢!
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