K8s对外服务之——ingress
这时,ingress-controller所在的node机器就很类似传统架构的边缘节点,比如机房入口的nginx服务器。ingress-controller并不是k8s自带的组件,实际上ingress-controller只是一个统称,用户可以选择不同的ingress-controller实现,目前,由k8s维护的ingress-controller只有google云的GCE与ingress-ng
目录
②ingress-controller:当作反向代理或者说是转发器
1、部署ingress-controller pod及相关资源
①方式一:Deployment+LoadBalancer 模式的 Service
②方式二:DaemonSet+HostNetwork+nodeSelector
③方式三:Deployment+NodePort模式的Service
4、采用方式二:DaemonSet+HostNetwork+nodeSelector实例
①指定 nginx-ingress-controller 运行在 node02 节点
②修改Deployment 为 DaemonSet ,指定节点运行,并开启 hostNetwork 网络
③在所有 node 节点上传 nginx-ingress-controller 镜像压缩包 ingree.contro.tar.gz 到 /opt/ingress 目录,并解压和加载镜像
5、采用方式三:Deployment+NodePort模式的Service
①下载 nginx-ingress-controller 和 ingress-nginx 暴露端口配置文件
②在所有 node 节点上传镜像包 ingress-controller-0.30.0.tar 到 /opt/ingress-nodeport 目录,并加载镜像
③创建deployment。service。ingress yaml资源
③具体详细设置方法可参考官网https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/examples/auth/basic/
一、ingress
1、ingress简介
service的作用体现在两个方面,对集群内部,它不断跟踪pod的变化,更新endpoint中对应pod的对象,提供了ip不断变化的pod的服务发现机制;对集群外部,他类似负载均衡器,可以在集群内外部对pod进行访问。
2、实现外部应用能访问内部集群服务的方法
①NodePort:
将service暴露在节点网络上,NodePort背后就是Kube-Proxy,Kube-Proxy是沟通service网络、Pod网络和节点网络的桥梁。
测试环境使用还行,当有几十上百的服务在集群中运行时,NodePort的端口管理就是个灾难。因为每个端口只能是一种服务,端口范围只能是 30000-32767。
②LoadBalancer:
通过设置LoadBalancer映射到云服务商提供的LoadBalancer地址。这种用法仅用于在公有云服务提供商的云平台上设置 Service 的场景。受限于云平台,且通常在云平台部署LoadBalancer还需要额外的费用。
在service提交后,Kubernetes就会调用CloudProvider在公有云上为你创建一个负载均衡服务,并且把被代理的Pod的IP地址配置给负载均衡服务做后端。
③externalIPs:
service允许为其分配外部IP,如果外部IP路由到集群中一个或多个Node上,Service会被暴露给这些externalIPs。通过外部IP进入到集群的流量,将会被路由到Service的Endpoint上。
④ingress:
只需一个或者少量的公网IP和LB,即可同时将多个HTTP服务暴露到外网,七层反向代理。
可以简单理解为service的service,它其实就是一组基于域名和URL路径,把用户的请求转发到一个或多个service的规则。
3、ingress的组成
①ingress:nginx配置文件
ingress是一个API对象,通过yaml文件来配置,ingress对象的作用是定义请求如何转发到service的规则,可以理解为配置模板。
ingress通过http或https暴露集群内部service,给service提供外部URL、负载均衡、SSL/TLS以及基于域名的反向代理。ingress要依靠 ingress-controller 来具体实现以上功能。
②ingress-controller:当作反向代理或者说是转发器
ingress-controller是具体实现反向代理及负载均衡的程序,对ingress定义的规则进行解析,根据配置的规则来实现请求转发。
ingress-controller并不是k8s自带的组件,实际上ingress-controller只是一个统称,用户可以选择不同的ingress-controller实现,目前,由k8s维护的ingress-controller只有google云的GCE与ingress-nginx两个,其他还有很多第三方维护的ingress-controller,具体可以参考官方文档。但是不管哪一种ingress-controller,实现的机制都大同小异,只是在具体配置上有差异。
一般来说,ingress-controller的形式都是一个pod,里面跑着daemon程序和反向代理程序。daemon负责不断监控集群的变化,根据 ingress对象生成配置并应用新配置到反向代理,比如ingress-nginx就是动态生成nginx配置,动态更新upstream,并在需要的时候reload程序应用新配置。为了方便,后面的例子都以k8s官方维护的ingress-nginx为例。
Ingress-Nginx github 地址:https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx
Ingress-Nginx 官方网站:https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/
③总结:
ingress-controller才是负责具体转发的组件,通过各种方式将它暴露在集群入口,外部对集群的请求流量会先到 ingress-controller, 而ingress对象是用来告诉ingress-controller该如何转发请求,比如哪些域名、哪些URL要转发到哪些service等等。
4、ingress工作原理
①ingress-controller通过和 kubernetes APIServer 交互,动态的去感知集群中ingress规则变化,
②然后读取它,按照自定义的规则,规则就是写明了哪个域名对应哪个service,生成一段nginx配置
③再写到nginx-ingress-controller的pod里,这个ingress-controller的pod里运行着一个Nginx服务,控制器会把生成的 nginx配置写入 /etc/nginx.conf文件中
④然后reload一下使配置生效。以此达到域名区分配置和动态更新的作用。
二、部署nginx-ingress-controller
1、部署ingress-controller pod及相关资源
mkdir /opt/ingress
cd /opt/ingress
官方下载地址:
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/nginx-0.25.0/deploy/static/mandatory.yaml
上面可能无法下载,可用国内的 gitee
wget https://gitee.com/mirrors/ingress-nginx/raw/nginx-0.25.0/deploy/static/mandatory.yaml
wget https://gitee.com/mirrors/ingress-nginx/raw/nginx-0.30.0/deploy/static/mandatory.yaml
#mandatory.yaml文件中包含了很多资源的创建,包括namespace、ConfigMap、role,ServiceAccount等等所有部署ingress-controller需要的资源。
2、修改ClusterRole资源配置
vim mandatory.yaml
......
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
#RBAC相关资源从1.17版本开始改用rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1,rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1在1.22版本即将弃用
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
- endpoints
- nodes
- pods
- secrets
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- services
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- "extensions"
- "networking.k8s.io" # (0.25版本)增加 networking.k8s.io Ingress 资源的 api
resources:
- ingresses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- events
verbs:
- create
- patch
- apiGroups:
- "extensions"
- "networking.k8s.io" # (0.25版本)增加 networking.k8s.io/v1 Ingress 资源的 api
resources:
- ingresses/status
verbs:
- update
3、ingress暴露服务的方式
①方式一:Deployment+LoadBalancer 模式的 Service
如果要把ingress部署在公有云,那用这种方式比较合适。用Deployment部署ingress-controller,创建一个 type为 LoadBalancer 的 service 关联这组 pod。大部分公有云,都会为 LoadBalancer 的 service 自动创建一个负载均衡器,通常还绑定了公网地址。 只要把域名解析指向该地址,就实现了集群服务的对外暴露
②方式二:DaemonSet+HostNetwork+nodeSelector
用DaemonSet结合nodeselector来部署ingress-controller到特定的node上,然后使用HostNetwork直接把该pod与宿主机node的网络打通,直接使用宿主机的80/433端口就能访问服务。这时,ingress-controller所在的node机器就很类似传统架构的边缘节点,比如机房入口的nginx服务器。该方式整个请求链路最简单,性能相对NodePort模式更好。缺点是由于直接利用宿主机节点的网络和端口,一个node只能部署一个ingress-controller pod。 比较适合大并发的生产环境使用。
③方式三:Deployment+NodePort模式的Service
同样用deployment模式部署ingress-controller,并创建对应的service,但是type为NodePort。这样,ingress就会暴露在集群节点ip的特定端口上。由于nodeport暴露的端口是随机端口,一般会在前面再搭建一套负载均衡器来转发请求。该方式一般用于宿主机是相对固定的环境ip地址不变的场景。
NodePort方式暴露ingress虽然简单方便,但是NodePort多了一层NAT,在请求量级很大时可能对性能会有一定影响。
4、采用方式二:DaemonSet+HostNetwork+nodeSelector实例
①指定 nginx-ingress-controller 运行在 node02 节点
kubectl label node node02 ingress=true
kubectl get nodes --show-labels
②修改Deployment 为 DaemonSet ,指定节点运行,并开启 hostNetwork 网络
vim mandatory.yaml
...
apiVersion: apps/v1
# 修改 kind
# kind: Deployment
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: nginx-ingress-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
# 删除Replicas
# replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
annotations:
prometheus.io/port: "10254"
prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
spec:
# 使用主机网络
hostNetwork: true
# 选择节点运行
nodeSelector:
ingress: "true"
serviceAccountName: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
......
③在所有 node 节点上传 nginx-ingress-controller 镜像压缩包 ingree.contro.tar.gz 到 /opt/ingress 目录,并解压和加载镜像
cd /opt/ingress
tar zxvf ingree.contro.tar.gz
docker load -i ingree.contro.tar
④启动 nginx-ingress-controller
kubectl apply -f mandatory.yaml
//nginx-ingress-controller 已经运行 node02 节点
kubectl get pod -n ingress-nginx -o wide
kubectl get cm,daemonset -n ingress-nginx -o wide
⑤然后再node02节点查看
[root@node02 ingress]#netstat -lntp | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 130285/nginx: maste
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8181 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 130285/nginx: maste
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 130285/nginx: maste
tcp6 0 0 :::10254 :::* LISTEN 130243/nginx-ingres
由于配置了 hostnetwork,nginx 已经在 node 主机本地监听 80/443/8181 端口。其中 8181 是 nginx-controller 默认配置的一个 default backend(Ingress 资源没有匹配的 rule 对象时,流量就会被导向这个 default backend)。
这样,只要访问 node 主机有公网 IP,就可以直接映射域名来对外网暴露服务了。如果要 nginx 高可用的话,可以在多个 node
上部署,并在前面再搭建一套 LVS+keepalived 做负载均衡。
⑥创建ingress规则
创建一个 deploy 和 svc
vim service-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-app
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-app-svc
spec:
type: ClusterIP
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 80
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: nginx
创建ingress
#方法一:(extensions/v1beta1 Ingress 在1.22版本即将弃用)
vim ingress-app.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: nginx-app-ingress
spec:
rules:
- host: www.rmh.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: nginx-app-svc
servicePort: 80
#方法二:
vim ingress-app.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: nginx-app-ingress
spec:
rules:
- host: www.rmh.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: nginx-app-svc
port:
number: 80
kubectl apply -f service-nginx.yaml
kubectl apply -f ingress-app.yaml
kubectl get pods
kubectl get ingress
⑦访问测试
//本地 host 添加域名解析
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.170.111 master
192.168.170.113 node01
192.168.170.114 node02
192.168.170.114 www.rmh.com
curl www.kgc.com
⑧查看nginx-ingress-controller
[root@master01 ingress]]#kubectl get pod -n ingress-nginx -owide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
nginx-ingress-controller-n2772 1/1 Running 0 14m 192.168.170.114 node02 <none> <none>
[root@master01 ingress]]#kubectl exec -it nginx-ingress-controller-n2772 -n ingress-nginx /bin/bash
kubectl exec [POD] [COMMAND] is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl exec [POD] -- [COMMAND] instead.
www-data@node02:/etc/nginx$ more /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# Configuration checksum: 2766075000776448038
# setup custom paths that do not require root access
pid /tmp/nginx.pid;
daemon off;
worker_processes 2;
worker_rlimit_nofile 31744;
worker_shutdown_timeout 10s ;
events {
multi_accept on;
worker_connections 16384;
use epoll;
}
5、采用方式三:Deployment+NodePort模式的Service
①下载 nginx-ingress-controller 和 ingress-nginx 暴露端口配置文件
mkdir /opt/ingress-nodeport
cd /opt/ingress-nodeport
官方下载地址:
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/nginx-0.30.0/deploy/static/mandatory.yaml
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/nginx-0.30.0/deploy/static/provider/baremetal/service-nodeport.yaml
国内 gitee 资源地址:
wget https://gitee.com/mirrors/ingress-nginx/raw/nginx-0.30.0/deploy/static/mandatory.yaml
wget https://gitee.com/mirrors/ingress-nginx/raw/nginx-0.30.0/deploy/static/provider/baremetal/service-nodeport.yaml
②在所有 node 节点上传镜像包 ingress-controller-0.30.0.tar 到 /opt/ingress-nodeport 目录,并加载镜像
docker load -i ingress-controller-0.30.0.tar
3、启动 nginx-ingress-controller
kubectl apply -f mandatory.yaml
kubectl apply -f service-nodeport.yaml
③如果K8S Pod 调度失败,在 kubectl describe pod资源时显示:
Warning FailedScheduling 18s (x2 over 18s) default-scheduler 0/2 nodes are available: 2 node(s) didn't match node selector
解决方案:
1. 给需要调度的node加上对应标签
# 相对上面这个Yaml文件的例子
kubectl label nodes node_name kubernetes.io/os=linux
2. 删除Yaml文件中的nodeSelector,如果对节点没有要求的话,直接删除节点选择器即可
④查看是否成功创建
[root@master01 ingress-nodeport]]#kubectl get pod,svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/nginx-ingress-controller-54b86f8f7b-7x46z 1/1 Running 0 115s
pod/nginx-ingress-controller-n2772 1/1 Running 0 67m
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/ingress-nginx NodePort 10.96.154.134 <none> 80:31573/TCP,443:30244/TCP 106s
⑤ingressHTTP代理访问
cd /opt/ingress-nodeport
#创建 deployment、Service、Ingress Yaml 资源
vim ingress-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-app
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
name: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-svc
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
protocol: TCP
selector:
name: nginx
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: nginx-test
spec:
rules:
- host: www.benet.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: nginx-svc
port:
number: 80
kubectl apply -f ingress-nginx.yaml
[root@master01 ingress-nodeport]]#kubectl get svc,pods -owide
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 19d <none>
service/nginx NodePort 10.96.154.156 <none> 80:30926/TCP 18d app=nginx
service/nginx-app-svc ClusterIP 10.96.172.149 <none> 80/TCP 68m app=nginx
service/nginx-deployment NodePort 10.96.218.35 <none> 30000:32046/TCP 18d app=nginx-deployment
service/nginx-svc ClusterIP 10.96.222.164 <none> 80/TCP 78s name=nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
pod/nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-c6q8b 1/1 Running 0 78s 10.244.2.17 node01 <none> <none>
pod/nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-js4lf 1/1 Running 0 78s 10.244.2.16 node01 <none> <none>
[root@master01 ingress-nodeport]]#kubectl exec -it pod/nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-c6q8b bash
kubectl exec [POD] [COMMAND] is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl exec [POD] -- [COMMAND] instead.
root@nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-c6q8b:/# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/
root@nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-c6q8b:/usr/share/nginx/html# echo "this is web1" >> index.html
root@nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-c6q8b:/usr/share/nginx/html# exit
exit
[root@master01 ingress-nodeport]]#kubectl exec -it pod/nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-js4lf bash
kubectl exec [POD] [COMMAND] is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl exec [POD] -- [COMMAND] instead.
root@nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-js4lf:/# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/
root@nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-js4lf:/usr/share/nginx/html# echo "this is web2" >> index.html
root@nginx-app-57dd86f5cc-js4lf:/usr/share/nginx/html# exit
exit
⑥测试访问
[root@master01 ingress-nodeport]]#curl 10.96.222.164
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
this is web1
⑦本地host添加域名解析
[root@master01 ingress-nodeport]]#kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx NodePort 10.96.154.134 <none> 80:31573/TCP,443:30244/TCP 16m
[root@master01 ingress-nodeport]]#vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.170.111 master01
192.168.170.113 node01
192.168.170.114 node02
192.168.170.115 hub.rmh.com
192.168.170.114 www.rmh.com www.benet.com
⑧外部访问
curl http://www.benet.com:31573
6、Ingress HTTP 代理访问虚拟主机
mkdir /opt/ingress-nodeport/vhost
cd /opt/ingress-nodeport/vhost
①创建虚拟主机1资源
#创建虚拟主机1资源
vim deployment1.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: deployment1
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
name: nginx1
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: nginx1
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx1
image: soscscs/myapp:v1
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: svc-1
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
protocol: TCP
selector:
name: nginx1
kubectl apply -f deployment1.yaml
②创建虚拟主机2的资源
vim deployment2.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: deployment2
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
name: nginx2
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: nginx2
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx2
image: soscscs/myapp:v2
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: svc-2
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
protocol: TCP
selector:
name: nginx2
kubectl apply -f deployment2.yaml
③创建ingress资源
vim ingress-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress1
spec:
rules:
- host: www1.kgc.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: svc-1
port:
number: 80
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress2
spec:
rules:
- host: www2.kgc.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: svc-2
port:
number: 80
kubectl apply -f ingress-nginx.yaml
④测试访问
[root@master01 vhost]]#curl www1.kgc.com:31573
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
[root@master01 vhost]]#curl www2.kgc.com:31573
Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
7、ingress HTTPS代理访问
mkdir /opt/ingress-nodeport/https
cd /opt/ingress-nodeport/https
①创建ssl证书
openssl req -x509 -sha256 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout tls.key -out tls.crt -subj "/CN=nginxsvc/O=nginxsvc"
②创建 secret 资源进行存储
[root@master01 https]]#kubectl create secret tls tls-secret --key tls.key --cert tls.crt
secret/tls-secret created
[root@master01 https]]#kubectl get secret
NAME TYPE DATA AGE
default-token-f6ftk kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 19d
tls-secret kubernetes.io/tls
[root@master01 https]]#kubectl describe secret tls-secret
Name: tls-secret
Namespace: default
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
Type: kubernetes.io/tls
Data
====
tls.crt: 1143 bytes
tls.key: 1704 bytes
③创建deployment。service。ingress yaml资源
vim ingress-https.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-app
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
name: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-svc
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
protocol: TCP
selector:
name: nginx
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: nginx-https
spec:
tls:
- hosts:
- www3.kgc.com
secretName: tls-secret
rules:
- host: www3.kgc.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: nginx-svc
port:
number: 80
kubectl apply -f ingress-https.yaml
kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
④访问测试
在宿主机的 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts 文件中添加 192.168.170.111 www3.kgc.com 记录。
使用谷歌浏览器访问 https://www3.kgc.com:31573
8、nginx进行BasicAuth
mkdir /opt/ingress-nodeport/basic-auth
cd /opt/ingress-nodeport/basic-auth
①生成用户密码认证文件,创建 secret 资源进行存储
yum -y install httpd
htpasswd -c auth zhangsan #认证文件名必须为 auth
kubectl create secret generic basic-auth --from-file=auth
②创建ingress资源
vim ingress-auth.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-auth
annotations:
#设置认证类型basic
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-type: basic
#设置secret资源名称basic-auth
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-secret: basic-auth
#设置认证窗口提示信息
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-realm: 'Authentication Required - zhangsan'
spec:
rules:
- host: auth.kgc.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: nginx-svc
port:
number: 80
③具体详细设置方法可参考官网https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/examples/auth/basic/
④访问测试
[root@master01 basic-auth]]#kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx NodePort 10.96.154.134 <none> 80:31573/TCP,443:30244/TCP 81m
[root@master01 basic-auth]]#echo "192.168.170.114 auth.kgc.com" >> /etc/hosts
浏览器访问:http://auth.kgc.com:32383
9、nginx进行重写
metadata.annotations 配置说明
●nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: <字符串> #必须重定向流量的目标URI
●nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/ssl-redirect: <布尔值> #指示位置部分是否仅可访问SSL(当Ingress包含证书时,默认为true)
●nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/force-ssl-redirect: <布尔值> #即使Ingress未启用TLS,也强制重定向到HTTPS
●nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/app-root: <字符串> #定义Controller必须重定向的应用程序根,如果它在'/'上下文中
●nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/use-regex: <布尔值> #指示Ingress上定义的路径是否使用正则表达式
vim ingress-rewrite.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: nginx-rewrite
annotations:
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: http://www1.kgc.com:31573
spec:
rules:
- host: re.kgc.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
#由于re.kgc.com只是用于跳转不需要真实站点存在,因此svc资源名称可随意定义
service:
name: nginx-svc
port:
number: 80
kubectl apply -f ingress-rewrite.yaml
echo '192.168.170.114 ren.nb.com' >> /etc/hosts
浏览器访问:http://ren.nb.com:31573
二、总结
ingress是k8s集群的请求入口,可以理解为对多个service的再次抽象
通常说的ingress一般包括ingress资源对象及ingress-controller两部分组成
ingress-controller有多种实现,社区原生的是ingress-nginx,根据具体需求选择
ingress自身的暴露有多种方式,需要根据基础环境及业务类型选择合适的方式
1、所有的步骤都要在本机和虚拟机做映射
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