k8s-1.25高可用部署
两台master节点的配置均相同，配置中声明了后端代理的两个master节点服务器，指定了haproxy运行的端口为16443等，因此16443端口为集群的入口。项目地址：https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd。kubeadm是官方社区推出的一个用于快速部署kubernetes集群的工具。从官方地址获取到flannel的yaml，在master1上执行。在具
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文章目录
k8s-1.25高可用部署 亲测可用！！！！
❗ 借鉴网上的博客和网上k8s课程
注意点：
- 从kubernetes 1.24开始，dockershim已经从kubelet中移除，但因为历史问题docker却不支持kubernetes主推的CRI（容器运行时接口）标准，所以docker不能再作为kubernetes的容器运行时了，即从1.24开始不再使用docker了。
1.25至之后需要配置cri-docker- 网络插件kube-flannel.yml里面有个镜像拉不下来
- master初始化节点kube-init.yml增加配置cri-docker的内容
- 配置cri-docker 加参数–pod-infra-container-image=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.7 用来指定所用的pause镜像是哪个，否则默认拉取k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.6，会导致安装失败。
- 执行命令需要指定使用哪个sock 参数：–cri-socket /var/run/cri-dockerd.sock
kubeadm是官方社区推出的一个用于快速部署kubernetes集群的工具。
这个工具能通过两条指令完成一个kubernetes集群的部署：
# 创建一个 Master 节点
$ kubeadm init
# 将一个 Node 节点加入到当前集群中
$ kubeadm join <Master节点的IP和端口 >
1、安装要求
在开始之前，部署Kubernetes集群机器需要满足以下几个条件：
- 一台或多台机器，操作系统 CentOS7.x-86_x64
- 硬件配置：2GB或更多RAM，2个CPU或更多CPU，硬盘30GB或更多
- 可以访问外网，需要拉取镜像，如果服务器不能上网，需要提前下载镜像并导入节点
- 禁止swap分区
2、准备环境
| 角色 | IP |
|---|---|
| master1 | 192.168.253.128 |
| master2 | 192.168.253.129 |
| node1 | 192.168.253.130 |
| node2 | 192.168.253.131 |
| nfs | 192.168.253.132 |
| vip | 192.168.253.135 |
虚拟机环境初始化：
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config # 永久
setenforce 0 # 临时
# 关闭swap
swapoff -a # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab # 永久
# 根据规划设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>
# 在master和node节点添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.253.135 master.k8s.io vip
192.168.253.128 master01.k8s.io master
192.168.253.129 master02.k8s.io master-sd
192.168.253.130 node01.k8s.io node1
192.168.253.131 node02.k8s.io node2
EOF
# 将master和node节点桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system # 生效
# 时间同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com
3、所有master节点部署keepalived
3.1 安装相关包和keepalived
yum install -y conntrack-tools libseccomp libtool-ltdl
yum install -y keepalived
3.2配置master节点
2个master节点配置：
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id k8s
}
vrrp_script check_haproxy {
script "killall -0 haproxy"
interval 3
weight -2
fall 10
rise 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51
priority 250
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.253.135
}
track_script {
check_haproxy
}
}
EOF
3.3 启动和检查
在两台master节点都执行
# 启动keepalived
$ systemctl start keepalived.service
# 设置开机启动
$ systemctl enable keepalived.service
# 查看启动状态
$ systemctl status keepalived.service
启动后查看master1的网卡信息
ip a s ens33
4、部署haproxy
4.1 安装
yum install -y haproxy
4.2 配置
两台master节点的配置均相同，配置中声明了后端代理的两个master节点服务器，指定了haproxy运行的端口为16443等，因此16443端口为集群的入口
cat > /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg << EOF
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
# to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
# need to:
# 1) configure syslog to accept network log events. This is done
# by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
# 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
# file. A line like the following can be added to
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log
#
log 127.0.0.1 local2
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
maxconn 4000
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
# turn on stats unix socket
stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
mode http
log global
option httplog
option dontlognull
option http-server-close
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# kubernetes apiserver frontend which proxys to the backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
frontend kubernetes-apiserver
mode tcp
bind *:16443
option tcplog
default_backend kubernetes-apiserver
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend kubernetes-apiserver
mode tcp
balance roundrobin
server master01.k8s.io 192.168.253.128:6443 check
server master02.k8s.io 192.168.253.129:6443 check
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# collection haproxy statistics message
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
listen stats
bind *:1080
stats auth admin:awesomePassword
stats refresh 5s
stats realm HAProxy\ Statistics
stats uri /admin?stats
EOF
4.3 启动和检查
两台master都启动
# 设置开机启动
$ systemctl enable haproxy
# 开启haproxy
$ systemctl start haproxy
# 查看启动状态
$ systemctl status haproxy
检查端口
netstat -lntup|grep haproxy
5、所有节点安装Docker/kubeadm/kubelet
Kubernetes默认CRI（容器运行时）为Docker，因此先安装Docker。
5.1 安装Docker
$ wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
$ yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7
$ systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
$ docker --version
Docker version 18.06.1-ce, build e68fc7a
*1.24版以后exec-opts：官方指定
$ cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://km65z7y3.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
EOF
$ systemctl restart docker
查看docker驱动
$ docker info | grep -i "Cgroup Driver"
5.2 添加阿里云YUM软件源
$ cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
5.3 1.24版本及之后需要安装cri-dockerd
项目地址：https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd
下载安装包到服务器上
# 安装cri-dockerd
$ yum install -y cri-dockerd-0.2.6-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
# 配置cri-dockerd
$ vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/cri-docker.service
# ExecStart fd:// 后面加上
--network-plugin=cni --cni-bin-dir=/opt/cni/bin --cni-cache-dir=/var/lib/cni/cache --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d --pod-infra-container-image=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.7
# 加载配置
$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart cri-docker
# 查看状态
$ systemctl status cri-docker
# 开机启动
$ systemctl enable cri-docker
5.4 安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl
由于版本更新频繁，这里指定版本号部署：
$ yum install -y kubelet-1.25.4 kubeadm-1.25.4 kubectl-1.25.4
$ systemctl enable kubelet
6、部署Kubernetes Master
6.1 创建kubeadm配置文件
在具有vip的master上操作，这里为master-sd
$ vi kubeadm-config.yaml
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
- system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
ttl: 24h0m0s
usages:
- signing
- authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
advertiseAddress: 192.168.253.129
bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
criSocket: unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: master-sd
taints: null
---
apiServer:
certSANs:
- master1
- master2
- master.k8s.io
- 192.168.253.128
- 192.168.253.129
- 192.168.253.135
- 127.0.0.1
extraArgs:
authorization-mode: Node,RBAC
timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controlPlaneEndpoint: "master.k8s.io:16443"
controllerManager: {}
dns: {}
etcd:
local:
dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: 1.25.4
networking:
dnsDomain: cluster.local
podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
serviceSubnet: 10.1.0.0/16
scheduler: {}
6.2 在master1节点执行
$ kubeadm init --config kubeadm-config.yaml
按照提示配置环境变量，使用kubectl工具：
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
$ kubectl get nodes
$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system
按照提示保存以下内容，一会要使用：
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token jv5z7n.3y1zi95p952y9p65 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:403bca185c2f3a4791685013499e7ce58f9848e2213e27194b75a2e3293d8812 \
--control-plane
查看集群状态
kubectl get cs
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
7、master2节点加入集群
7.1 复制密钥及相关文件
从master1复制密钥及相关文件到master2
# ssh root@192.168.253.128 mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
# scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@192.168.253.128:/etc/kubernetes
# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/{ca.*,sa.*,front-proxy-ca.*} root@192.168.253.128:/etc/kubernetes/pki
# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.* root@192.168.253.128:/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
7.2 master2加入集群
执行在master1上init后输出的join命令,需要带上参数--control-plane表示把master控制节点加入集群
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba --control-plane --cri-socket /var/run/cri-dockerd.sock
检查状态
kubectl get node
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
8、加入Kubernetes Node
在node1上执行
向集群添加新节点，执行在kubeadm init输出的kubeadm join命令：
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba
集群网络重新安装，因为添加了新的node节点
检查状态
kubectl get node
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
9、安装CNI集群网络
从官方地址获取到flannel的yaml，在master1上执行
mkdir flannel
cd flannel
wget -c https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
安装flannel网络
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
这里面有个镜像下载不了【搜索下flannel，使用别的镜像替代】
#image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.20.2
image: jmgao1983/flannel
检查
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
10、测试kubernetes集群
在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod，验证是否正常运行：
$ kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
$ kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
$ kubectl get pod,svc
访问地址：http://NodeIP:Port
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