一.安装docker环境

1、移除以前docker相关包

sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

2、配置yum源

sudo yum install -y yum-utils
sudo yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

3、安装docker

sudo yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io


#以下是在安装k8s的时候使用
yum install -y docker-ce-20.10.7 docker-ce-cli-20.10.7  containerd.io-1.4.6

4、启动

systemctl enable docker --now

5、配置加速

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://82m9ar63.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

其中https://82m9ar63.mirror.aliyuncs.com去阿里云获取，替换成自己的

二.kubeadm创建集群

● 一台兼容的 Linux 主机。Kubernetes 项目为基于 Debian 和 Red Hat 的 Linux 发行版以及一些不提供包管理器的发行版提供通用的指令
● 每台机器 2 GB 或更多的 RAM （如果少于这个数字将会影响你应用的运行内存)
● 2 CPU 核或更多
● 集群中的所有机器的网络彼此均能相互连接(公网和内网都可以)
  ○ 设置防火墙放行规则
● 节点之中不可以有重复的主机名、MAC 地址或 product_uuid。请参见这里了解更多详细信息。
  ○ 设置不同hostname
● 开启机器上的某些端口。请参见这里 了解更多详细信息。
  ○ 内网互信
● 禁用交换分区。为了保证 kubelet 正常工作，你 必须 禁用交换分区。
  ○ 永久关闭

1、基础环境

机器	ip	类型
k8s-master	123.249.16.170	master
k8s-node1	123.249.66.65	node
k8s-node2	123.249.91.81	node

#各个机器设置自己的域名 k8s-master,k8s-node1,k8s-node2
hostnamectl set-hostname xxxx


# 将 SELinux 设置为 permissive 模式（相当于将其禁用）
sudo setenforce 0
sudo sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config

#关闭swap
swapoff -a  
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

#允许 iptables 检查桥接流量
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
br_netfilter
EOF

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sudo sysctl --system

2、安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
   http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
exclude=kubelet kubeadm kubectl
EOF


sudo yum install -y kubelet-1.20.9 kubeadm-1.20.9 kubectl-1.20.9 --disableexcludes=kubernetes

sudo systemctl enable --now kubelet

2、使用kubeadm引导集群

1、下载各个机器需要的镜像

sudo tee ./images.sh <<-'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
images=(
kube-apiserver:v1.20.9
kube-proxy:v1.20.9
kube-controller-manager:v1.20.9
kube-scheduler:v1.20.9
coredns:1.7.0
etcd:3.4.13-0
pause:3.2
)
for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images/$imageName
done
EOF
   
chmod +x ./images.sh && ./images.sh

2、初始化主节点

#所有机器添加master域名映射，以下需要修改为自己的
echo "192.168.0.163  cluster-endpoint" >> /etc/hosts
echo "192.168.0.163  k8s-master" >> /etc/hosts
echo "192.168.0.128  k8s-node1" >> /etc/hosts
echo "192.168.0.204  k8s-node2" >> /etc/hosts


#主节点初始化
kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.0.163 \
--control-plane-endpoint=cluster-endpoint \
--image-repository registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images \
--kubernetes-version v1.20.9 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

#所有网络范围不重叠

执行成功

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities
and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root:

  kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token hums8f.vyx71prsg74ofce7 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:a394d059dd51d68bb007a532a037d0a477131480ae95f75840c461e85e2c6ae3 \
    --control-plane 

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token hums8f.vyx71prsg74ofce7 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:a394d059dd51d68bb007a532a037d0a477131480ae95f75840c461e85e2c6ae3

 

#查看集群所有节点
kubectl get nodes

#根据配置文件，给集群创建资源
kubectl apply -f xxxx.yaml

#查看集群部署了哪些应用？
docker ps   ===   kubectl get pods -A
# 运行中的应用在docker里面叫容器，在k8s里面叫Pod
kubectl get pods -A

3、根据提示继续

1、设置.kube/config

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

2、安装网络组件

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml >>kube-flannel.yml

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

4、加入node节点

kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token x5g4uy.wpjjdbgra92s25pp \
	--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:6255797916eaee52bf9dda9429db616fcd828436708345a308f4b917d3457a22

新令牌

kubeadm token create --print-join-command

 

5、验证集群

kubectl get nodes

k8s-master   Ready    control-plane,master   134m   v1.20.9

6、部署dashboard

1、部署

kubernetes官方提供的可视化界面

https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml >>kube-flannel.yml

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

2、设置访问端口

kubectl edit svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard

type: ClusterIP 改为 type: NodePort

 

kubectl get svc -A |grep kubernetes-dashboard
## 找到端口，在安全组放行

访问： https://集群任意IP:端口 https://139.198.165.238:32759

3、创建访问账号

#创建访问账号，准备一个yaml文件； vi dash.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: admin-user
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

kubectl apply -f dash.yaml

4、令牌访问

#获取访问令牌
kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get sa/admin-user -o jsonpath="{.secrets[0].name}") -o go-template="{{.data.token | base64decode}}"

5、界面