[root@master ~]# kubeadm init \
>   --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.231.130 \
>   --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
>   --kubernetes-version v1.25.4 \
>   --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \
>   --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.25.4
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
error execution phase preflight: [preflight] Some fatal errors occurred:
    [ERROR CRI]: container runtime is not running: output: E1120 13:46:00.846921    8699 remote_runtime.go:948] "Status from runtime service failed" err="rpc error: code = Unimplemented desc = unknown service runtime.v1alpha2.RuntimeService"
time="2022-11-20T13:46:00+08:00" level=fatal msg="getting status of runtime: rpc error: code = Unimplemented desc = unknown service runtime.v1alpha2.RuntimeService"
, error: exit status 1
[preflight] If you know what you are doing, you can make a check non-fatal with `--ignore-preflight-errors=...`
To see the stack trace of this error execute with --v=5 or higher
 

[root@master ~]# kubeadm init \
>   --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.231.130 \
>   --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
>   --kubernetes-version v1.25.4 \
>   --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \
>   --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.25.4
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
error execution phase preflight: [preflight] Some fatal errors occurred:
	[ERROR CRI]: container runtime is not running: output: E1120 13:46:00.846921    8699 remote_runtime.go:948] "Status from runtime service failed" err="rpc error: code = Unimplemented desc = unknown service runtime.v1alpha2.RuntimeService"
time="2022-11-20T13:46:00+08:00" level=fatal msg="getting status of runtime: rpc error: code = Unimplemented desc = unknown service runtime.v1alpha2.RuntimeService"
, error: exit status 1
[preflight] If you know what you are doing, you can make a check non-fatal with `--ignore-preflight-errors=...`
To see the stack trace of this error execute with --v=5 or higher

解决办法

[root@master ~]# mv /etc/containerd/config.toml /tmp/
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart containerd