注意:该文章 是 根据 https://github.com/opsnull/follow-me-install-kubernetes-cluster    (follow-me-install-kubernetes-cluster) 一步步做的。

若有版权问题请留言,谢谢!

其中自己根据实际情况做了若干变动。

里面的ip与实际对应如下(有的地方ip或许没改)

10.64.3.7

192.168.1.206

etcd-host0

10.64.3.8

192.168.1.207

etcd-host1

10.64.3.86

192.168.1.208

etcd-host2


01-组件版本和集群环境

集群组件和版本

  • Kubernetes 1.6.2
  • Docker 17.04.0-ce
  • Etcd 3.1.6
  • Flanneld 0.7.1 vxlan 网络
  • TLS 认证通信 (所有组件,如 etcd、kubernetes master 和 node)
  • RBAC 授权
  • kubelet TLS BootStrapping
  • kubedns、dashboard、heapster (influxdb、grafana)、EFK (elasticsearch、fluentd、kibana) 插件
  • 私有 docker registry,使用 ceph rgw 后端存储,TLS + HTTP Basic 认证

集群机器

  • 192.168.1.206

    master、registry 

    192.168.1.207 

    node01

    192.168.1.208

    node02

 

本着测试的目的,etcd 集群、kubernetes master 集群、kubernetesnode 均使用这三台机器。


初始化系统,关闭 firewalld selinux .

分发集群环境变量定义脚本

把全局变量定义脚本拷贝到所有机器的 /root/local/bin 目录

$ cp environment.sh /root/local/bin

vi /etc/profile

source /root/local/bin/environment.sh

:wq

 

 

 

192.168.1.206  environment.sh

#!/usr/bin/bash

 

BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN="41f7e4ba8b7be874fcff18bf5cf41a7c"

 

# 最好使用 主机未用的网段 来定义服务网段和 Pod 网段

 

# 服务网段 (Service CIDR),部署前路由不可达,部署后集群内使用IP:Port可达

SERVICE_CIDR="10.254.0.0/16"

 

# POD 网段 (Cluster CIDR),部署前路由不可达,**部署后**路由可达(flanneld保证)

CLUSTER_CIDR="172.30.0.0/16"

 

# 服务端口范围 (NodePort Range)

export NODE_PORT_RANGE="8400-9000"

 

# etcd 集群服务地址列表

export ETCD_ENDPOINTS="https://192.168.1.206:2379,https://192.168.1.207:2379,https://192.168.1.208:2379"

 

# flanneld 网络配置前缀

export FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX="/kubernetes/network"

 

# kubernetes 服务 IP (一般是 SERVICE_CIDR 中第一个IP)

export CLUSTER_KUBERNETES_SVC_IP="10.254.0.1"

 

# 集群 DNS 服务 IP (从 SERVICE_CIDR 中预分配)

export CLUSTER_DNS_SVC_IP="10.254.0.2"

 

# 集群 DNS 域名

export CLUSTER_DNS_DOMAIN="cluster.local."

 

export NODE_NAME=etcd-host0 # 当前部署的机器名称(随便定义,只要能区分不同机器即可)

export NODE_IP=192.168.1.206 # 当前部署的机器 IP

export NODE_IPS="192.168.1.206 192.168.1.207 192.168.1.208" # etcd 集群所有机器 IP

# etcd 集群间通信的IP和端口

export ETCD_NODES=etcd-host0=https://192.168.1.206:2380,etcd-host1=https://192.168.1.207:2380,etcd-host2=https://192.168.1.208:2380

# 导入用到的其它全局变量:ETCD_ENDPOINTS、FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX、CLUSTER_CIDR

 

export PATH=/root/local/bin:$PATH

export MASTER_IP=192.168.1.206 # 替换为 kubernetes maste 集群任一机器 IP

export KUBE_APISERVER="https://${MASTER_IP}:6443"

 

 

192.168.1.207  environment.sh

#!/usr/bin/bash

 

BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN="41f7e4ba8b7be874fcff18bf5cf41a7c"

 

# 最好使用 主机未用的网段 来定义服务网段和 Pod 网段

 

# 服务网段 (Service CIDR),部署前路由不可达,部署后集群内使用IP:Port可达

SERVICE_CIDR="10.254.0.0/16"

 

# POD 网段 (Cluster CIDR),部署前路由不可达,**部署后**路由可达(flanneld保证)

CLUSTER_CIDR="172.30.0.0/16"

 

# 服务端口范围 (NodePort Range)

export NODE_PORT_RANGE="8400-9000"

 

# etcd 集群服务地址列表

export ETCD_ENDPOINTS="https://192.168.1.206:2379,https://192.168.1.207:2379,https://192.168.1.208:2379"

 

# flanneld 网络配置前缀

export FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX="/kubernetes/network"

 

# kubernetes 服务 IP (一般是 SERVICE_CIDR 中第一个IP)

export CLUSTER_KUBERNETES_SVC_IP="10.254.0.1"

 

# 集群 DNS 服务 IP (从 SERVICE_CIDR 中预分配)

export CLUSTER_DNS_SVC_IP="10.254.0.2"

 

# 集群 DNS 域名

export CLUSTER_DNS_DOMAIN="cluster.local."

 

export NODE_NAME=etcd-host1 # 当前部署的机器名称(随便定义,只要能区分不同机器即可)

export NODE_IP=192.168.1.207 # 当前部署的机器 IP

export NODE_IPS="192.168.1.206 192.168.1.207 192.168.1.208" # etcd 集群所有机器 IP

# etcd 集群间通信的IP和端口

export ETCD_NODES=etcd-host0=https://192.168.1.206:2380,etcd-host1=https://192.168.1.207:2380,etcd-host2=https://192.168.1.208:2380

# 导入用到的其它全局变量:ETCD_ENDPOINTS、FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX、CLUSTER_CIDR

 

export PATH=/root/local/bin:$PATH

export MASTER_IP=192.168.1.206 # 替换为 kubernetes maste 集群任一机器 IP

export KUBE_APISERVER="https://${MASTER_IP}:6443"

 

 

192.168.1.208  environment.sh

#!/usr/bin/bash

 

BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN="41f7e4ba8b7be874fcff18bf5cf41a7c"

 

# 最好使用 主机未用的网段 来定义服务网段和 Pod 网段

 

# 服务网段 (Service CIDR),部署前路由不可达,部署后集群内使用IP:Port可达

SERVICE_CIDR="10.254.0.0/16"

 

# POD 网段 (Cluster CIDR),部署前路由不可达,**部署后**路由可达(flanneld保证)

CLUSTER_CIDR="172.30.0.0/16"

 

# 服务端口范围 (NodePort Range)

export NODE_PORT_RANGE="8400-9000"

 

# etcd 集群服务地址列表

export ETCD_ENDPOINTS="https://192.168.1.206:2379,https://192.168.1.207:2379,https://192.168.1.208:2379"

 

# flanneld 网络配置前缀

export FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX="/kubernetes/network"

 

# kubernetes 服务 IP (一般是 SERVICE_CIDR 中第一个IP)

export CLUSTER_KUBERNETES_SVC_IP="10.254.0.1"

 

# 集群 DNS 服务 IP (从 SERVICE_CIDR 中预分配)

export CLUSTER_DNS_SVC_IP="10.254.0.2"

 

# 集群 DNS 域名

export CLUSTER_DNS_DOMAIN="cluster.local."

 

export NODE_NAME=etcd-host2 # 当前部署的机器名称(随便定义,只要能区分不同机器即可)

export NODE_IP=192.168.1.208 # 当前部署的机器 IP

export NODE_IPS="192.168.1.206 192.168.1.207 192.168.1.208" # etcd 集群所有机器 IP

# etcd 集群间通信的IP和端口

export ETCD_NODES=etcd-host0=https://192.168.1.206:2380,etcd-host1=https://192.168.1.207:2380,etcd-host2=https://192.168.1.208:2380

# 导入用到的其它全局变量:ETCD_ENDPOINTS、FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX、CLUSTER_CIDR

 

export PATH=/root/local/bin:$PATH

 

export MASTER_IP=192.168.1.206 # 替换为 kubernetes maste 集群任一机器 IP

export KUBE_APISERVER="https://${MASTER_IP}:6443"

 


02-创建CA证书和秘钥

创建 CA 证书和秘钥

kubernetes 系统各组件需要使用 TLS 证书对通信进行加密,本文档使用 CloudFlare 的 PKI工具集 cfssl 来生成Certificate Authority (CA) 证书和秘钥文件,CA 是自签名的证书,用来签名后续创建的其它 TLS 证书。

安装 CFSSL

$ wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
$ chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64
$ sudo mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /root/local/bin/cfssl

$ wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
$ chmod +x cfssljson_linux-amd64
$ sudo mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /root/local/bin/cfssljson

$ wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
$ chmod +x cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
$ sudo mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /root/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo

$ exportPATH=/root/local/bin:$PATH
$ mkdir ssl
$
cd ssl
$ cfssl print-defaults config
>config.json
$ cfssl print-defaults csr
> csr.json

以上工具每个节点都要安装

创建 CA (Certificate Authority)

创建 CA 配置文件:

$ cat ca-config.json
{
 
"signing": {
   
"default": {
     
"expiry":"8760h"
    },
   
"profiles": {
     
"kubernetes": {
       
"usages": [
           
"signing",
           
"key encipherment",
           
"server auth",
           
"client auth"
        ],
       
"expiry":"8760h"
      }
    }
  }
}

  • ca-config.json:可以定义多个 profiles,分别指定不同的过期时间、使用场景等参数;后续在签名证书时使用某个 profile;
  • signing:表示该证书可用于签名其它证书;生成的 ca.pem 证书中 CA=TRUE;
  • server auth:表示 client 可以用该 CA 对 server 提供的证书进行验证;
  • client auth:表示 server 可以用该 CA 对 client 提供的证书进行验证;

创建 CA 证书签名请求:

$ cat ca-csr.json
{
 
"CN":"kubernetes",
 
"key": {
   
"algo":"rsa",
   
"size": 2048
  },
 
"names": [
    {
     
"C":"CN",
     
"ST":"BeiJing",
     
"L":"BeiJing",
     
"O":"k8s",
     
"OU":"System"
    }
  ]
}

  • "CN":Common Name,kube-apiserver 从证书中提取该字段作为请求的用户名 (User Name);浏览器使用该字段验证网站是否合法;
  • "O":Organization,kube-apiserver 从证书中提取该字段作为请求用户所属的组 (Group);

生成 CA 证书和私钥:

$ cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json| cfssljson -bare ca
$ ls ca
*
ca-config.json  ca.csr  ca-csr.json ca-key.pem  ca.pem
$

分发证书

将生成的 CA 证书、秘钥文件、配置文件拷贝到所有机器的 /etc/kubernetes/ssl 目录下

$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl
$ sudo cp ca
* /etc/kubernetes/ssl
$

校验证书(这个是个例子)

以校验 kubernetes 证书(后续部署 master 节点时生成的)为例:

使用 openssl 命令

$ openssl x509  -noout -text -in  kubernetes.pem
...
    Signature Algorithm:sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: C=CN, ST=BeiJing,L=BeiJing, O=k8s, OU=System, CN=Kubernetes
        Validity
            Not Before: Apr  5 05:36:00 2017 GMT
            Not After
: Apr  5 05:36:00 2018GMT
        Subject: C=CN, ST=BeiJing,L=BeiJing, O=k8s, OU=System, CN=kubernetes
...
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Key Usage:critical
                Digital Signature, KeyEncipherment
            X509v3 Extended KeyUsage:
                TLS Web ServerAuthentication, TLS Web Client Authentication
            X509v3 Basic Constraints:critical
                CA:FALSE
            X509v3 Subject KeyIdentifier:
               DD:52:04:43:10:13:A9:29:24:17:3A:0E:D7:14:DB:36:F8:6C:E0:E0
            X509v3 Authority KeyIdentifier:
               keyid:44:04:3B:60:BD:69:78:14:68:AF:A0:41:13:F6:17:07:13:63:58:CD

X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:
                DNS:kubernetes,DNS:kubernetes.default, DNS:kubernetes.default.svc,DNS:kubernetes.default.svc.cluster, DNS:kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local,IP Address:127.0.0.1, IP Address:10.64.3.7, IP Address:10.254.0.1
...

  • 确认 Issuer 字段的内容和 ca-csr.json 一致;
  • 确认 Subject 字段的内容和 kubernetes-csr.json 一致;
  • 确认 X509v3 Subject Alternative Name 字段的内容和 kubernetes-csr.json 一致;
  • 确认 X509v3 Key Usage、Extended Key Usage 字段的内容和 ca-config.json 中 kubernetes profile 一致;

使用 cfssl-certinfo 命令

$ cfssl-certinfo -certkubernetes.pem
...
{
 
"subject":{
   
"common_name":"kubernetes",
   
"country":"CN",
   
"organization":"k8s",
   
"organizational_unit":"System",
   
"locality":"BeiJing",
   
"province":"BeiJing",
   
"names":[
     
"CN",
     
"BeiJing",
     
"BeiJing",
     
"k8s",
     
"System",
     
"kubernetes"
    ]
  },
 
"issuer":{
   
"common_name":"Kubernetes",
   
"country":"CN",
   
"organization":"k8s",
   
"organizational_unit":"System",
   
"locality":"BeiJing",
   
"province":"BeiJing",
   
"names":[
     
"CN",
     
"BeiJing",
     
"BeiJing",
     
"k8s",
     
"System",
     
"Kubernetes"
    ]
  },
 
"serial_number":"174360492872423263473151971632292895707129022309",
 
"sans":[
   
"kubernetes",
   
"kubernetes.default",
   
"kubernetes.default.svc",
   
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
   
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local",
   
"127.0.0.1",
   
"192.168.1.206",
   
"192.168.1.207",
   
"192.168.1.208",
   
"10.254.0.1"
  ],
 
"not_before":"2017-04-05T05:36:00Z",
 
"not_after":"2018-04-05T05:36:00Z",
 
"sigalg":"SHA256WithRSA",
...


03-部署高可用Etcd集群

部署高可用 etcd 集群

kuberntes 系统使用 etcd存储所有数据,本文档介绍部署一个三节点高可用 etcd 集群的步骤,这三个节点复用 kubernetes master 机器,分别命名为etcd-host0etcd-host1etcd-host2

  • etcd-host0:192.168.1.206
  • etcd-host1:192.168.1.207
  • etcd-host2:192.168.1.208

使用的变量

本文档用到的变量定义如下(一开始已经加入environment.sh脚本里了

$export NODE_NAME=etcd-host0#当前部署的机器名称(随便定义,只要能区分不同机器即可)
$
export NODE_IP=192.168.1.206# 当前部署的机器 IP
$
export NODE_IPS="192.168.1.206 192.168.1.207 192.168.1.208"# etcd 集群所有机器 IP
$
# etcd 集群间通信的IP和端口
$
export ETCD_NODES=etcd-host0=https://192.168.1.206:2380,etcd-host1=https://192.168.1.207:2380,etcd-host2=https://192.168.1.208:2380
$
#导入用到的其它全局变量:ETCD_ENDPOINTS、FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX、CLUSTER_CIDR
$
source /root/local/bin/environment.sh
$

下载二进制文件

到 https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases 页面下载最新版本的二进制文件:

$ wgethttps://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.1.6/etcd-v3.1.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ tar -xvf etcd-v3.1.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ sudo mv etcd-v3.1.6-linux-amd64/etcd
*/root/local/bin
$

创建 TLS 秘钥和证书

为了保证通信安全,客户端(如 etcdctl) 与 etcd 集群、etcd集群之间的通信需要使用 TLS 加密,本节创建 etcd TLS 加密所需的证书和私钥。

创建 etcd 证书签名请求:

$ cat>etcd-csr.json<<EOF
{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "${NODE_IP}"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

  • hosts 字段指定授权使用该证书的 etcd 节点 IP;

生成 etcd 证书和私钥:

$ cfssl gencert-ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem\
 -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json
| cfssljson -bare etcd
$ ls etcd
*
etcd.csr  etcd-csr.json  etcd-key.pem etcd.pem
$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl
$ sudo mv etcd
*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl
$ rm etcd.csr  etcd-csr.json

创建 etcd 的 systemd unit 文件

$ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd # 必须先创建工作目录
$ cat
> etcd.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos

[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
ExecStart=/root/local/bin/etcd\\
  --name=${NODE_NAME} \\
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \\
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \\
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \\
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \\
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem\\
 --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
 --initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://${NODE_IP}:2380 \\
  --listen-peer-urls=https://${NODE_IP}:2380 \\
 --listen-client-urls=https://${NODE_IP}:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \\
 --advertise-client-urls=https://${NODE_IP}:2379 \\
  --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 \\
  --initial-cluster=${ETCD_NODES} \\
  --initial-cluster-state=new \\
  --data-dir=/var/lib/etcd
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

  • 指定 etcd 的工作目录和数据目录为 /var/lib/etcd,需在启动服务前创建这个目录;
  • 为了保证通信安全,需要指定 etcd 的公私钥(cert-file和key-file)、Peers 通信的公私钥和 CA 证书(peer-cert-file、peer-key-file、peer-trusted-ca-file)、客户端的CA证书(trusted-ca-file);
  • --initial-cluster-state 值为 new 时,--name 的参数值必须位于 --initial-cluster 列表中;

完整 unit 文件见:etcd.service

启动 etcd 服务

$ sudo mv etcd.service/etc/systemd/system/
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl
enable etcd
$ sudo systemctl start etcd
$ systemctl status etcd
$

最先启动的 etcd 进程会卡住一段时间,等待其它节点上的 etcd进程加入集群,为正常现象。

在所有的 etcd 节点重复上面的步骤,直到所有机器的 etcd 服务都已启动。

验证服务

部署完 etcd 集群后,在任一 etcd 集群节点上执行如下命令:

$for ipin ${NODE_IPS}; do
  ETCDCTL_API=3 /root/local/bin/etcdctl\
  --endpoints=https://${ip}:2379  \
  --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem\
  --cert=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem\
  --key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem\
  endpoint health
; done

预期结果:

2017-07-0517:11:58.103401 I | warning: ignoring ServerName for user-provided CA forbackwards compatibility is deprecated

https://192.168.1.206:2379 is healthy:successfully committed proposal: took = 81.247077ms

2017-07-0517:11:58.356539 I | warning: ignoring ServerName for user-provided CA forbackwards compatibility is deprecated

https://192.168.1.207:2379 is healthy:successfully committed proposal: took = 12.073555ms

2017-07-0517:11:58.523829 I | warning: ignoring ServerName for user-provided CA forbackwards compatibility is deprecated

https://192.168.1.208:2379 is healthy:successfully committed proposal: took = 5.413361ms

 

04-部署Kubectl命令行工具

部署 kubectl 命令行工具

kubectl 默认从 ~/.kube/config 配置文件获取访问kube-apiserver 地址、证书、用户名等信息,如果没有配置该文件,执行命令时出错:

$ kubectl get pods
The connection to the server localhost:8080 was refused - did you specify theright host or port
?

本文档介绍下载和配置 kubernetes 集群命令行工具 kubectl 的步骤。

需要将下载的 kubectl二进制程序和生成的 ~/.kube/config 配置文件拷贝到所有使用 kubectl命令的机器。

使用的变量

本文档用到的变量定义如下(一开始已经加入environment.sh脚本里了

$export MASTER_IP=192.168.1.206   #在主节点 206上操作
$
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://${MASTER_IP}:6443"
$

  • 变量 KUBE_APISERVER 指定 kubelet 访问的 kube-apiserver 的地址,后续被写入 ~/.kube/config 配置文件;

下载 kubectl

$ wgethttps://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.2/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ tar -xzvf kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ sudo cp kubernetes/client/bin/kube
*/root/local/bin/
$ chmod a+x /root/local/bin/kube
*
$
export PATH=/root/local/bin:$PATH
$

创建 admin 证书

kubectl 与 kube-apiserver 的安全端口通信,需要为安全通信提供 TLS证书和秘钥。

创建 admin 证书签名请求

$ cat admin-csr.json
{
 
"CN":"admin",
 
"hosts": [],
 
"key": {
   
"algo":"rsa",
   
"size": 2048
  },
 
"names": [
    {
     
"C":"CN",
     
"ST":"BeiJing",
     
"L":"BeiJing",
     
"O":"system:masters",
     
"OU":"System"
    }
  ]
}

  • 后续 kube-apiserver 使用 RBAC 对客户端(如 kubeletkube-proxyPod)请求进行授权;
  • kube-apiserver 预定义了一些 RBAC 使用的 RoleBindings,如 cluster-admin 将 Group system:masters 与 Role cluster-admin 绑定,该 Role 授予了调用kube-apiserver 所有 API的权限;
  • O 指定该证书的 Group 为 system:masterskubelet 使用该证书访问 kube-apiserver 时 ,由于证书被 CA 签名,所以认证通过,同时由于证书用户组为经过预授权的 system:masters,所以被授予访问所有 API 的权限;
  • hosts 属性值为空列表;

生成 admin 证书和私钥:

$ cfssl gencert-ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem\
 -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json
| cfssljson -bare admin
$ ls admin
*
admin.csr  admin-csr.json  admin-key.pem admin.pem
$ sudo mv admin
*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
$ rm admin.csr admin-csr.json
$

创建 kubectl kubeconfig 文件

$# 设置集群参数
$ kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
 --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER}
$
# 设置客户端认证参数
$ kubectl config set-credentials admin \
 --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
 --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem
$
# 设置上下文参数
$ kubectl config set-context kubernetes \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=admin
$
# 设置默认上下文
$ kubectl config use-context kubernetes

  • admin.pem 证书 O 字段值为 system:masterskube-apiserver 预定义的 RoleBinding cluster-admin 将 Group system:masters 与 Role cluster-admin 绑定,该 Role 授予了调用kube-apiserver 相关 API 的权限;
  • 生成的 kubeconfig 被保存到 ~/.kube/config 文件;

分发 kubeconfig 文件

将 ~/.kube/config 文件拷贝到运行 kubelet 命令的机器的 ~/.kube/ 目录下。



05-部署Flannel网络

部署 Flannel 网络

kubernetes 要求集群内各节点能通过 Pod 网段互联互通,本文档介绍使用Flannel 在所有节点 (Master、Node) 上创建互联互通的 Pod 网段的步骤。

使用的变量

本文档用到的变量定义如下:

$export NODE_IP=192.168.1.206# 当前部署节点的 IP
$
# 导入用到的其它全局变量:ETCD_ENDPOINTS、FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX、CLUSTER_CIDR
$
source /root/local/bin/environment.sh
$

创建 TLS 秘钥和证书

etcd 集群启用了双向 TLS 认证,所以需要为 flanneld 指定与 etcd集群通信的 CA 和秘钥。

创建 flanneld 证书签名请求:

$ cat>flanneld-csr.json<<EOF
{
  "CN": "flanneld",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

  • hosts 字段为空;

生成 flanneld 证书和私钥:

$ cfssl gencert-ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem\
 -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes flanneld-csr.json
| cfssljson -bare flanneld
$ ls flanneld
*
flanneld.csr  flanneld-csr.json  flanneld-key.pem flanneld.pem
$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/flanneld/ssl
$ sudo mv flanneld
*.pem /etc/flanneld/ssl
$ rm flanneld.csr  flanneld-csr.json

向 etcd 写入集群 Pod 网段信息

注意:本步骤只需在第一次部署 Flannel 网络时执行,后续在其它节点上部署 Flannel时无需再写入该信息!

$ /root/local/bin/etcdctl \
  --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS}\
  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem\
  --cert-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld.pem\
 --key-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld-key.pem \
 
set${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/config'{"Network":"'${CLUSTER_CIDR}'", "SubnetLen": 24, "Backend":{"Type": "vxlan"}}'

  • flanneld 目前版本 (v0.7.1) 不支持 etcd v3,故使用 etcd v2 API 写入配置 key 和网段数据;
  • 写入的 Pod 网段(${CLUSTER_CIDR},172.30.0.0/16) 必须与 kube-controller-manager 的 --cluster-cidr 选项值一致;

安装和配置 flanneld

下载 flanneld

$ mkdir flannel
$ wget
https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.7.1/flannel-v0.7.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ tar -xzvf flannel-v0.7.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C flannel
$ sudo cp flannel/{flanneld,mk-docker-opts.sh} /root/local/bin
$

创建 flanneld 的 systemd unit 文件

$ cat>flanneld.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcdagent
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
After=etcd.service
Before=docker.service

[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/root/local/bin/flanneld \\
  -etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem\\
 -etcd-certfile=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld.pem \\
 -etcd-keyfile=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld-key.pem \\
  -etcd-endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS}\\
  -etcd-prefix=${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}
ExecStartPost=/root/local/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d/run/flannel/docker
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
RequiredBy=docker.service
EOF

  • mk-docker-opts.sh 脚本将分配给 flanneld 的 Pod 子网网段信息写入到 /run/flannel/docker 文件中,后续 docker 启动时使用这个文件中参数值设置 docker0 网桥;
  • flanneld 使用系统缺省路由所在的接口和其它节点通信,对于有多个网络接口的机器(如,内网和公网),可以用 -iface选项值指定通信接口(上面的 systemd unit 文件没指定这个选项);

完整 unit 见 flanneld.service

启动 flanneld

$ sudo cp flanneld.service/etc/systemd/system/
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl
enable flanneld
$ sudo systemctl start flanneld
$ systemctl status flanneld
$

检查 flanneld 服务

$ journalctl  -u flanneld|grep'Lease acquired'
$ ifconfig flannel.1
$

检查分配给各 flanneld 的 Pod 网段信息

$# 查看集群 Pod 网段(/16)
$ /root/local/bin/etcdctl \
  --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS}\
  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem\
  --cert-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld.pem\
 --key-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld-key.pem \
  get${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/config
{
"Network":"172.30.0.0/16","SubnetLen": 24,"Backend": {"Type":"vxlan" } }
$
# 查看已分配的 Pod 子网段列表(/24)
$ /root/local/bin/etcdctl \
  --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS}\
  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem\
  --cert-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld.pem\
 --key-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld-key.pem \
  ls ${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/subnets

 

2017-07-0517:27:46.007743 I | warning: ignoring ServerName for user-provided CA forbackwards compatibility is deprecated

/kubernetes/network/subnets/172.30.43.0-24

/kubernetes/network/subnets/172.30.44.0-24

/kubernetes/network/subnets/172.30.45.0-24


$
# 查看某一 Pod 网段对应的 flanneld 进程监听的 IP 和网络参数
$ /root/local/bin/etcdctl \
  --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS}\
  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem\
  --cert-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld.pem\
 --key-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld-key.pem \
  get${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/subnets/172.30.
43.0-24

2017-07-0517:28:34.116874 I | warning: ignoring ServerName for user-provided CA forbackwards compatibility is deprecated

{"PublicIP":"192.168.1.207","BackendType":"vxlan","BackendData":{"VtepMAC":"52:73:8c:2f:ae:3c"}}

确保各节点间 Pod 网段能互联互通

在各节点上部署完 Flannel 后,查看已分配的 Pod 子网段列表(/24)

$ /root/local/bin/etcdctl\
  --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS}\
  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem\
  --cert-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld.pem\
 --key-file=/etc/flanneld/ssl/flanneld-key.pem \
  ls${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/subnets
/kubernetes/network/subnets/172.30.
43.0-24
/kubernetes/network/subnets/172.30.
44.0-24
/kubernetes/network/subnets/172.30.
45.0-24

当前三个节点分配的 Pod 网段分别是:172.30.43.0-24、172.30.44.0-24、172.30.45.0-24。


06-部署Master节点

部署 master 节点

kubernetes master 节点包含的组件:

  • kube-apiserver
  • kube-scheduler
  • kube-controller-manager

目前这三个组件需要部署在同一台机器上:

  • kube-schedulerkube-controller-manager 和 kube-apiserver 三者的功能紧密相关;
  • 同时只能有一个 kube-schedulerkube-controller-manager 进程处于工作状态,如果运行多个,则需要通过选举产生一个 leader;

本文档介绍部署单机 kubernetes master 节点的步骤,没有实现高可用master 集群。

计划后续再介绍部署 LB 的步骤,客户端(kubectl、kubelet、kube-proxy) 使用 LB 的 VIP 来访问 kube-apiserver,从而实现高可用 master 集群。

master 节点与 node 节点上的 Pods 通过 Pod 网络通信,所以需要在master 节点上部署 Flannel 网络。

使用的变量

本文档用到的变量定义如下:

$export MASTER_IP=192.168.1.206 # 替换为当前部署的 master 机器 IP
$
#导入用到的其它全局变量:SERVICE_CIDR、CLUSTER_CIDR、NODE_PORT_RANGE、ETCD_ENDPOINTS、BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN
$
source /root/local/bin/environment.sh
$

下载最新版本的二进制文件

有两种下载方式:

  1. 从 github release 页面 下载发布版 tarball,解压后再执行下载脚本
    $ wgethttps://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/download/v1.6.2/kubernetes.tar.gz
    $ tar -xzvf kubernetes.tar.gz
    ...
    $
    cd kubernetes
    $ ./cluster/get-kube-binaries.sh
    ...
  2. 从 CHANGELOG页面 下载 client 或 server tarball 文件
    server 的 tarball kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 已经包含了 client(kubectl) 二进制文件,所以不用单独下载kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz文件;
    $# wgethttps://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.2/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    $ wget
    https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.2/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    $ tar -xzvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    ...
    $
    cd kubernetes
    $ tar -xzvf  kubernetes-src.tar.gz

将二进制文件拷贝到指定路径:

$ sudo cp -rserver/bin/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubectl,kube-proxy,kubelet}/root/local/bin/
$

安装和配置 flanneld

参考 05-部署Flannel网络.md

创建 kubernetes 证书

创建 kubernetes 证书签名请求

$ cat>kubernetes-csr.json<<EOF
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "${MASTER_IP}",
    "${CLUSTER_KUBERNETES_SVC_IP}",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
   "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

  • 如果 hosts 字段不为空则需要指定授权使用该证书的 IP 或域名列表,所以上面分别指定了当前部署的 master 节点主机 IP;
  • 还需要添加 kube-apiserver 注册的名为 kubernetes 的服务 IP (Service Cluster IP),一般是 kube-apiserver --service-cluster-ip-range 选项值指定的网段的第一个IP,如 "10.254.0.1";
    $ kubectl get svc kubernetes
    NAME         CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
    kubernetes   10.254.0.1  
    <none>        443/TCP   1d

生成 kubernetes 证书和私钥

$ cfssl gencert-ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem\
 -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes kubernetes-csr.json
| cfssljson -bare kubernetes
$ ls kubernetes
*
kubernetes.csr  kubernetes-csr.json  kubernetes-key.pem  kubernetes.pem
$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
$ sudo mv kubernetes
*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
$ rm kubernetes.csr  kubernetes-csr.json

配置和启动 kube-apiserver

创建 kube-apiserver 使用的客户端 token 文件

kubelet 首次启动时向 kube-apiserver发送 TLS Bootstrapping 请求,kube-apiserver 验证 kubelet 请求中的 token 是否与它配置的 token.csv一致,如果一致则自动为 kubelet生成证书和秘钥。(这个token只要master做一次)

$# 导入的 environment.sh 文件定义了 BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN 变量
$ cat
> token.csv<<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF
$ mv token.csv /etc/kubernetes/
$

创建 kube-apiserver 的 systemd unit 文件

$ cat > kube-apiserver.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=KubernetesAPI Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/root/local/bin/kube-apiserver\\
 --admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota\\
  --advertise-address=${MASTER_IP} \\
  --bind-address=${MASTER_IP} \\
  --insecure-bind-address=${MASTER_IP} \\
  --authorization-mode=RBAC \\
 --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1alpha1 \\
  --kubelet-https=true \\
  --experimental-bootstrap-token-auth \\
  --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv\\
  --service-cluster-ip-range=${SERVICE_CIDR} \\
  --service-node-port-range=${NODE_PORT_RANGE}\\
 --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \\
 --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \\
  --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem\\
 --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
  --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
 --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \\
 --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \\
  --etcd-servers=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \\
  --enable-swagger-ui=true \\
  --allow-privileged=true \\
  --apiserver-count=3 \\
  --audit-log-maxage=30 \\
  --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
  --audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
  --audit-log-path=/var/lib/audit.log \\
  --event-ttl=1h \\
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

  • kube-apiserver 1.6 版本开始使用 etcd v3 API 和存储格式;
  • --authorization-mode=RBAC 指定在安全端口使用 RBAC 授权模式,拒绝未通过授权的请求;
  • kube-scheduler、kube-controller-manager 一般和 kube-apiserver 部署在同一台机器上,它们使用非安全端口和 kube-apiserver通信;
  • kubelet、kube-proxy、kubectl 部署在其它 Node 节点上,如果通过安全端口访问 kube-apiserver,则必须先通过 TLS 证书认证,再通过 RBAC 授权;
  • kube-proxy、kubectl 通过在使用的证书里指定相关的 User、Group 来达到通过 RBAC 授权的目的;
  • 如果使用了 kubelet TLS Boostrap 机制,则不能再指定 --kubelet-certificate-authority--kubelet-client-certificate 和 --kubelet-client-key 选项,否则后续 kube-apiserver 校验 kubelet 证书时出现 ”x509: certificate signed by unknown authority“ 错误;
  • --admission-control 值必须包含 ServiceAccount,否则部署集群插件时会失败;
  • --bind-address 不能为 127.0.0.1
  • --service-cluster-ip-range 指定 Service Cluster IP 地址段,该地址段不能路由可达;
  • --service-node-port-range=${NODE_PORT_RANGE} 指定 NodePort 的端口范围;
  • 缺省情况下 kubernetes 对象保存在 etcd /registry 路径下,可以通过 --etcd-prefix 参数进行调整;

完整 unit 见 kube-apiserver.service

启动 kube-apiserver

$ sudo cp kube-apiserver.service/etc/systemd/system/
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl
enable kube-apiserver
$ sudo systemctl start kube-apiserver
$ sudo systemctl status kube-apiserver
$

配置和启动 kube-controller-manager

创建 kube-controller-manager 的 systemd unit 文件

$ cat>kube-controller-manager.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=KubernetesController Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/root/local/bin/kube-controller-manager\\
  --address=127.0.0.1 \\
  --master=http://${MASTER_IP}:8080 \\
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
  --service-cluster-ip-range=${SERVICE_CIDR} \\
  --cluster-cidr=${CLUSTER_CIDR} \\
  --cluster-name=kubernetes \\
 --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
 --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
 --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
  --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
  --leader-elect=true \\
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

  • --address 值必须为 127.0.0.1,因为当前 kube-apiserver 期望 scheduler 和 controller-manager 在同一台机器,否则:
    $ kubectl get componentstatuses
    NAME                 STATUS      MESSAGE                                                                                        ERROR
    controller-manager   Unhealthy   Get
    http://127.0.0.1:10252/healthz: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10252: getsockopt: connection refused
    scheduler            Unhealthy   Get
    http://127.0.0.1:10251/healthz: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10251: getsockopt: connection refused
    参考:https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/bootkube/issues/64
  • --master=http://{MASTER_IP}:8080:使用非安全 8080 端口与 kube-apiserver 通信;
  • --cluster-cidr 指定 Cluster 中 Pod 的 CIDR 范围,该网段在各 Node 间必须路由可达(flanneld保证);
  • --service-cluster-ip-range 参数指定 Cluster 中 Service 的CIDR范围,该网络在各 Node 间必须路由不可达,必须和 kube-apiserver 中的参数一致;
  • --cluster-signing-* 指定的证书和私钥文件用来签名为 TLS BootStrap 创建的证书和私钥;
  • --root-ca-file 用来对 kube-apiserver 证书进行校验,指定该参数后,才会在Pod 容器的 ServiceAccount 中放置该 CA 证书文件;
  • --leader-elect=true 部署多台机器组成的 master 集群时选举产生一处于工作状态的 kube-controller-manager 进程;

完整 unit 见 kube-controller-manager.service

启动 kube-controller-manager

$ sudo cp kube-controller-manager.service /etc/systemd/system/
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl
enable kube-controller-manager
$ sudo systemctl start kube-controller-manager
$

配置和启动 kube-scheduler

创建 kube-scheduler 的 systemd unit 文件

$ cat>kube-scheduler.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=KubernetesScheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/root/local/bin/kube-scheduler\\
  --address=127.0.0.1 \\
  --master=http://${MASTER_IP}:8080 \\
  --leader-elect=true \\
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

  • --address 值必须为 127.0.0.1,因为当前 kube-apiserver 期望 scheduler 和 controller-manager 在同一台机器;
  • --master=http://{MASTER_IP}:8080:使用非安全 8080 端口与 kube-apiserver 通信;
  • --leader-elect=true 部署多台机器组成的 master 集群时选举产生一处于工作状态的 kube-controller-manager 进程;

完整 unit 见 kube-scheduler.service

启动 kube-scheduler

$ sudo cp kube-scheduler.service/etc/systemd/system/
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl
enable kube-scheduler
$ sudo systemctl start kube-scheduler
$

验证 master 节点功能

$ kubectl getcomponentstatuses
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE              ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok
scheduler            Healthy   ok
etcd-0               Healthy   {
"health":"true"}
etcd-1               Healthy   {
"health":"true"}
etcd-2               Healthy   {
"health":"true"}


07-部署Node节点

部署 Node 节点

kubernetes Node 节点包含如下组件:

  • flanneld
  • docker
  • kubelet
  • kube-proxy

使用的变量

本文档用到的变量定义如下:

$ # 替换为 kubernetesmaster 集群任一机器 IP
$
export MASTER_IP=192.168.1.206
$
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://${MASTER_IP}:6443"
$
# 当前部署的节点 IP
$
export NODE_IP=192.168.1.206
$
#导入用到的其它全局变量:ETCD_ENDPOINTS、FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX、CLUSTER_CIDR、CLUSTER_DNS_SVC_IP、CLUSTER_DNS_DOMAIN、SERVICE_CIDR
$
source /root/local/bin/environment.sh
$

安装和配置 flanneld

参考 05-部署Flannel网络.md

安装和配置 docker

下载最新的 docker 二进制文件

$ wget https://get.docker.com/builds/Linux/x86_64/docker-17.04.0-ce.tgz
$ tar -xvf docker-17.04.0-ce.tgz
$ cp docker/docker
* /root/local/bin
$ cp docker/completion/bash/docker /etc/bash_completion.d/
$

创建 docker 的 systemd unit 文件

$ catdocker.service
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application ContainerEngine
Documentation=http://docs.docker.io

[Service]
Environment=
"PATH=/root/local/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin"
EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker
ExecStart=/root/local/bin/dockerd --log-level=error$DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP$MAINPID
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

  • dockerd 运行时会调用其它 docker 命令,如 docker-proxy,所以需要将 docker 命令所在的目录加到 PATH 环境变量中;
  • flanneld 启动时将网络配置写入到 /run/flannel/docker 文件中的变量 DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS,dockerd 命令行上指定该变量值来设置 docker0 网桥参数;
  • 如果指定了多个 EnvironmentFile 选项,则必须将 /run/flannel/docker 放在最后(确保 docker0 使用 flanneld 生成的 bip 参数);
  • 不能关闭默认开启的 --iptables 和 --ip-masq 选项;
  • 如果内核版本比较新,建议使用 overlay 存储驱动;
  • docker 从 1.13 版本开始,可能将 iptables FORWARD chain的默认策略设置为DROP,从而导致 ping 其它 Node 上的 Pod IP 失败,遇到这种情况时,需要手动设置策略为 ACCEPT:
    $ sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
    $
  • 为了加快 pull image 的速度,可以使用国内的仓库镜像服务器,同时增加下载的并发数。(如果 dockerd 已经运行,则需要重启 dockerd 生效。)
    $ cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
    {
     
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn","hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
     
    "max-concurrent-downloads": 10
    }

完整 unit 见 docker.service

启动 dockerd

$ sudo cp docker.service/etc/systemd/system/docker.service
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl stop firewalld
$ sudo systemctl disable firewalld
$ sudo iptables -F
&& sudo iptables -X&& sudo iptables -F -t nat&& sudo iptables -X -t nat
$ sudo systemctl
enable docker
$ sudo systemctl start docker
$

  • 需要关闭 firewalld,否则可能会重复创建的 iptables 规则;
  • 最好清理旧的 iptables rules 和 chains 规则;

检查 docker 服务

$ docker version
$

安装和配置 kubelet

kubelet 启动时向 kube-apiserver 发送 TLSbootstrapping 请求,需要先将 bootstrap token 文件中的 kubelet-bootstrap 用户赋予system:node-bootstrapper 角色,然后 kubelet 才有权限创建认证请求(certificatesigningrequests):(这个只要在第一个node节点上执行一次)

$ kubectl create clusterrolebindingkubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper--user=kubelet-bootstrap
$

  • --user=kubelet-bootstrap 是文件 /etc/kubernetes/token.csv 中指定的用户名,同时也写入了文件 /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig;

下载最新的 kubelet 和 kube-proxy 二进制文件

$ wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.2/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ tar -xzvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$
cd kubernetes
$ tar -xzvf  kubernetes-src.tar.gz
$ sudo cp -r ./server/bin/{kube-proxy,kubelet} /root/local/bin/
$

创建 kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig 文件

$ # 设置集群参数
$ kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
 --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
 --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
$
# 设置客户端认证参数
$ kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
  --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
 --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
$
# 设置上下文参数
$ kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
$
# 设置默认上下文
$ kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
$ mv bootstrap.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/

  • --embed-certs 为 true 时表示将 certificate-authority 证书写入到生成的 bootstrap.kubeconfig 文件中;
  • 设置 kubelet 客户端认证参数时没有指定秘钥和证书,后续由 kube-apiserver 自动生成;

创建 kubelet 的 systemd unit 文件

$ sudo mkdir /var/lib/kubelet # 必须先创建工作目录
$ cat
> kubelet.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=KubernetesKubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
ExecStart=/root/local/bin/kubelet\\
  --address=${NODE_IP} \\
  --hostname-override=${NODE_IP} \\
 --pod-infra-container-image=registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest\\
 --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig\\
 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
  --require-kubeconfig \\
  --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl \\
  --cluster-dns=${CLUSTER_DNS_SVC_IP} \\
  --cluster-domain=${CLUSTER_DNS_DOMAIN} \\
  --hairpin-mode promiscuous-bridge \\
  --allow-privileged=true \\
  --serialize-image-pulls=false \\
  --logtostderr=true \\
  --v=2
ExecStopPost=/sbin/iptables-A INPUT -s 10.0.0.0/8 -p tcp --dport 4194 -j ACCEPT
ExecStopPost=/sbin/iptables-A INPUT -s 172.16.0.0/12 -p tcp --dport 4194 -j ACCEPT
ExecStopPost=/sbin/iptables-A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/16 -p tcp --dport 4194 -j ACCEPT
ExecStopPost=/sbin/iptables-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 4194 -j DROP
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

  • --address 不能设置为 127.0.0.1,否则后续 Pods 访问 kubelet 的 API 接口时会失败,因为 Pods 访问的 127.0.0.1 指向自己而不是 kubelet;
  • 如果设置了 --hostname-override 选项,则 kube-proxy 也需要设置该选项,否则会出现找不到 Node 的情况;
  • --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig 指向 bootstrap kubeconfig 文件,kubelet 使用该文件中的用户名和 token 向 kube-apiserver 发送 TLS Bootstrapping 请求;
  • 管理员通过了 CSR 请求后,kubelet 自动在 --cert-dir 目录创建证书和私钥文件(kubelet-client.crt 和 kubelet-client.key),然后写入 --kubeconfig 文件(自动创建 --kubeconfig 指定的文件);
  • 建议在 --kubeconfig 配置文件中指定 kube-apiserver 地址,如果未指定 --api-servers 选项,则必须指定 --require-kubeconfig 选项后才从配置文件中读取 kue-apiserver 的地址,否则 kubelet 启动后将找不到 kube-apiserver (日志中提示未找到 API Server),kubectl get nodes 不会返回对应的 Node 信息;
  • --cluster-dns 指定 kubedns 的 Service IP(可以先分配,后续创建 kubedns 服务时指定该 IP),--cluster-domain 指定域名后缀,这两个参数同时指定后才会生效;
  • kubelet cAdvisor 默认在所有接口监听 4194 端口的请求,对于有外网的机器来说不安全,ExecStopPost 选项指定的 iptables 规则只允许内网机器访问 4194 端口;

完整 unit 见 kubelet.service

启动 kubelet

$ sudo cp kubelet.service/etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl
enable kubelet
$ sudo systemctl start kubelet
$ systemctl status kubelet
$

通过 kubelet 的 TLS 证书请求

kubelet 首次启动时向 kube-apiserver 发送证书签名请求,必须通过后kubernetes 系统才会将该 Node 加入到集群。

查看未授权的 CSR 请求:

$ kubectl get csr
NAME        AGE       REQUESTOR           CONDITION
csr-2b308   4m        kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
$ kubectl get nodes
No resources found.

通过 CSR 请求:

$ kubectl certificate approvecsr-2b308
certificatesigningrequest
"csr-2b308" approved
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME        STATUS    AGE      VERSION
10.64.3.7   Ready     49m      v1.6.2

自动生成了 kubelet kubeconfig 文件和公私钥:

$ ls -l/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig
-rw------- 1 root root 2284 Apr  7 02:07/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig
$ ls -l /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet
*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1046 Apr  7 02:07/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet-client.crt
-rw------- 1 root root  227 Apr  7 02:04 /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet-client.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1103 Apr  7 02:07/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet.crt
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Apr  7 02:07/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet.key

配置 kube-proxy

创建 kube-proxy 证书

创建 kube-proxy 证书签名请求:

$ catkube-proxy-csr.json
{
 
"CN":"system:kube-proxy",
 
"hosts": [],
 
"key": {
   
"algo":"rsa",
   
"size": 2048
  },
 
"names": [
    {
     
"C":"CN",
     
"ST":"BeiJing",
     
"L":"BeiJing",
     
"O":"k8s",
     
"OU":"System"
    }
  ]
}

  • CN 指定该证书的 User 为 system:kube-proxy;
  • kube-apiserver 预定义的 RoleBinding system:node-proxier 将User system:kube-proxy 与 Role system:node-proxier 绑定,该 Role 授予了调用 kube-apiserver Proxy 相关 API 的权限;
  • hosts 属性值为空列表;

生成 kube-proxy 客户端证书和私钥:

$ cfssl gencert-ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem\
 -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes  kube-proxy-csr.json
| cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
$ ls kube-proxy
*
kube-proxy.csr  kube-proxy-csr.json  kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem
$ sudo mv kube-proxy
*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
$ rm kube-proxy.csr kube-proxy-csr.json
$

创建 kube-proxy kubeconfig 文件

$ # 设置集群参数
$ kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
 --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
 --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
$
# 设置客户端认证参数
$ kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
 --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy.pem \
 --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
 --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
$
# 设置上下文参数
$ kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
$
# 设置默认上下文
$ kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
$ mv kube-proxy.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/

  • 设置集群参数和客户端认证参数时 --embed-certs 都为 true,这会将 certificate-authority、client-certificate 和 client-key 指向的证书文件内容写入到生成的 kube-proxy.kubeconfig 文件中;
  • kube-proxy.pem 证书中 CN 为 system:kube-proxy,kube-apiserver 预定义的 RoleBinding cluster-admin 将User system:kube-proxy 与 Role system:node-proxier 绑定,该 Role 授予了调用 kube-apiserver Proxy 相关 API 的权限;

创建 kube-proxy 的 systemd unit 文件

$ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/kube-proxy# 必须先创建工作目录
$ cat
> kube-proxy.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=KubernetesKube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/root/local/bin/kube-proxy\\
  --bind-address=${NODE_IP} \\
  --hostname-override=${NODE_IP} \\
  --cluster-cidr=${SERVICE_CIDR} \\
 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig \\
  --logtostderr=true \\
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

  • --hostname-override 参数值必须与 kubelet 的值一致,否则 kube-proxy 启动后会找不到该 Node,从而不会创建任何 iptables 规则;
  • --cluster-cidr 必须与 kube-apiserver 的 --service-cluster-ip-range 选项值一致;
  • kube-proxy 根据 --cluster-cidr 判断集群内部和外部流量,指定 --cluster-cidr 或 --masquerade-all 选项后 kube-proxy 才会对访问 Service IP 的请求做 SNAT;
  • --kubeconfig 指定的配置文件嵌入了 kube-apiserver 的地址、用户名、证书、秘钥等请求和认证信息;
  • 预定义的 RoleBinding cluster-admin 将User system:kube-proxy 与 Role system:node-proxier 绑定,该 Role 授予了调用 kube-apiserver Proxy 相关 API 的权限;

完整 unit 见 kube-proxy.service

启动 kube-proxy

$ sudo cp kube-proxy.service/etc/systemd/system/
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl
enable kube-proxy
$ sudo systemctl start kube-proxy
$ systemctl status kube-proxy
$

验证集群功能

定义文件:

$ cat nginx-ds.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-ds
  labels:
    app: nginx-ds
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: nginx-ds
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80

---

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: nginx-ds
  labels:
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode:Reconcile
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-ds
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: my-nginx
        image: nginx:1.7.9
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

创建 Pod 和服务:

$ kubectl create -fnginx-ds.yml
service
"nginx-ds" created
daemonset
"nginx-ds" created

检查节点状态

$ kubectl get nodes

NAME            STATUS    AGE      VERSION

192.168.1.206   Ready    1d        v1.6.2

192.168.1.207   Ready    1d        v1.6.2

192.168.1.208   Ready    1d        v1.6.2

都为Ready 时正常。

检查各 Node 上的 Pod IP 连通性

$ kubectl get pods  -o wide|grepnginx-ds
nginx-ds-6ktz8              1/1       Running            0          5m        172.30.
43.19   192.168.1.206
nginx-ds-6ktz9              1/1       Running            0          5m        172.30.
44.20   192.168.1.207

可见,nginx-ds 的 PodIP 分别是 172.30.43.19、172.30.44.20,在所有 Node 上分别 ping 这两个 IP,看是否连通。

检查服务 IP 和端口可达性

$ kubectl get svc |grep nginx-ds
nginx-ds     10.254.136.178  
<nodes>      80:8744/TCP         11m

可见:

  • 服务IP:10.254.136.178
  • 服务端口:80
  • NodePort端口:8744

在所有 Node 上执行:

$ curl 10.254.136.178 # `kubectl get svc |grep nginx-ds`输出中的服务 IP
$

预期输出 nginx 欢迎页面内容。

检查服务的 NodePort 可达性

在所有 Node 上执行:

$ export NODE_IP=192.168.1.207# 当前 Node 的 IP
$
export NODE_PORT=8744# `kubectl get svc|grep nginx-ds` 输出中 80 端口映射的 NodePort
$ curl ${NODE_IP}:${NODE_PORT}
$

预期输出 nginx 欢迎页面内容。


08-部署DNS插件

部署 kubedns 插件

官方文件目录:kubernetes/cluster/addons/dns

使用的文件:

$ ls*.yaml*.base
kubedns-cm.yaml  kubedns-sa.yaml  kubedns-controller.yaml.base  kubedns-svc.yaml.base

已经修改好的 yaml 文件见:dns

系统预定义的 RoleBinding

预定义的 RoleBinding system:kube-dns 将 kube-system命名空间的 kube-dns ServiceAccount 与 system:kube-dns Role 绑定, 该 Role 具有访问kube-apiserver DNS 相关 API 的权限;

$ kubectl get clusterrolebindingssystem:kube-dns -o yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  annotations:
   rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate:
"true"
  creationTimestamp:2017-04-06T17:40:47Z
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping:rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-dns
  resourceVersion:
"56"
  selfLink:/apis/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/clusterrolebindingssystem%3Akube-dns
  uid:2b55cdbe-1af0-11e7-af35-8cdcd4b3be48
roleRef:
  apiGroup:rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name:system:kube-dns
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kube-dns
  namespace: kube-system

kubedns-controller.yaml 中定义的 Pods 时使用了 kubedns-sa.yaml 文件定义的 kube-dns ServiceAccount,所以具有访问kube-apiserver DNS 相关 API 的权限;

配置 kube-dns ServiceAccount

无需修改;

配置 kube-dns 服务

$ diff kubedns-svc.yaml.basekubedns-svc.yaml
30c30
<  clusterIP: __PILLAR__DNS__SERVER__
---
>  clusterIP: 10.254.0.2

  • 需要将 spec.clusterIP 设置为集群环境变量中变量 CLUSTER_DNS_SVC_IP 值,这个 IP 需要和 kubelet 的 —cluster-dns 参数值一致;

配置 kube-dns Deployment

$ diff kubedns-controller.yaml.basekubedns-controller.yaml
58c58
<         image:gcr.io/google_containers/k8s-dns-kube-dns-amd64:1.14.1
---
>         image:xuejipeng/k8s-dns-kube-dns-amd64:v1.14.1
88c88
<         ---domain=__PILLAR__DNS__DOMAIN__.
---
>         ---domain=cluster.local.
92c92
<        __PILLAR__FEDERATIONS__DOMAIN__MAP__
---
>        #__PILLAR__FEDERATIONS__DOMAIN__MAP__
110c110
<         image:gcr.io/google_containers/k8s-dns-dnsmasq-nanny-amd64:1.14.1
---
>         image:xuejipeng/k8s-dns-dnsmasq-nanny-amd64:v1.14.1
129c129
<         ---server=/__PILLAR__DNS__DOMAIN__/127.0.0.1#10053
---
>         ---server=/cluster.local./127.0.0.1#10053
148c148
<         image:gcr.io/google_containers/k8s-dns-sidecar-amd64:1.14.1
---
>         image:xuejipeng/k8s-dns-sidecar-amd64:v1.14.1
161,162c161,162
<         ---probe=kubedns,127.0.0.1:10053,kubernetes.default.svc.__PILLAR__DNS__DOMAIN__,5,A
<         ---probe=dnsmasq,127.0.0.1:53,kubernetes.default.svc.__PILLAR__DNS__DOMAIN__,5,A
---
>         ---probe=kubedns,127.0.0.1:10053,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local.,5,A
>         ---probe=dnsmasq,127.0.0.1:53,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local.,5,A

  • --domain 为集群环境文档 变量 CLUSTER_DNS_DOMAIN 的值;
  • 使用系统已经做了 RoleBinding 的 kube-dns ServiceAccount,该账户具有访问 kube-apiserver DNS 相关 API 的权限;

执行所有定义文件

$pwd
/root/kubernetes-git/cluster/addons/dns
$ ls
*.yaml
kubedns-cm.yaml kubedns-controller.yaml kubedns-sa.yaml kubedns-svc.yaml
$ kubectl create -f
.
$

检查 kubedns 功能

新建一个 Deployment

$ cat my-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: my-nginx
spec:
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        run: my-nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: my-nginx
        image: nginx:1.7.9
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
$ kubectl create -f my-nginx.yaml
$

Export 该 Deployment,生成 my-nginx 服务

$ kubectl expose deploymy-nginx
$ kubectl get services --all-namespaces
|grepmy-nginx
default       my-nginx               10.254.86.48    
<none>        80/TCP          1d

创建另一个 Pod,查看 /etc/resolv.conf 是否包含 kubelet 配置的 --cluster-dns 和 --cluster-domain,是否能够将服务 my-nginx 解析到上面显示的 ClusterIP 10.254.86.48

$ cat pod-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.7.9
    ports:
    - containerPort: 80
$ kubectl create -f pod-nginx.yaml
$ kubectl
exec nginx -i -t -- /bin/bash
root@nginx:/
# cat/etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 10.254.0.2
search default.svc.cluster.local svc.cluster.local cluster.localtjwq01.ksyun.com
options ndots:5

root@nginx:/# ping my-nginx
PING my-nginx.default.svc.cluster.local (10.254.86.48): 48 databytes
^C--- my-nginx.default.svc.cluster.local ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss

root@nginx:/# ping kubernetes
PING kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local (10.254.0.1): 48 databytes
^C--- kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss

root@nginx:/# pingkube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
PING kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local (10.254.0.2): 48 databytes
^C--- kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss

 

 

 

附件:

kubedns-cm.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: ConfigMap

metadata:

  name: kube-dns

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists

 

kubedns-controller.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

  name: kube-dns

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: kube-dns

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

spec:

  # replicas: not specified here:

  # 1. In order to make Addon Manager do not reconcile this replicas parameter.

  # 2. Default is 1.

  # 3. Will be tuned in real time if DNS horizontal auto-scaling is turned on.

  strategy:

    rollingUpdate:

      maxSurge: 10%

      maxUnavailable: 0

  selector:

    matchLabels:

      k8s-app: kube-dns

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        k8s-app: kube-dns

      annotations:

        scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ''

    spec:

      tolerations:

      - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"

        operator: "Exists"

      volumes:

      - name: kube-dns-config

        configMap:

          name: kube-dns

          optional: true

      containers:

      - name: kubedns

        image: xuejipeng/k8s-dns-kube-dns-amd64:v1.14.1

        resources:

          # TODO: Set memory limits when we've profiled the container for large

          # clusters, then set request = limit to keep this container in

          # guaranteed class. Currently, this container falls into the

          # "burstable" category so the kubelet doesn't backoff from restarting it.

          limits:

            memory: 170Mi

          requests:

            cpu: 100m

            memory: 70Mi

        livenessProbe:

          httpGet:

            path: /healthcheck/kubedns

            port: 10054

            scheme: HTTP

          initialDelaySeconds: 60

          timeoutSeconds: 5

          successThreshold: 1

          failureThreshold: 5

        readinessProbe:

          httpGet:

            path: /readiness

            port: 8081

            scheme: HTTP

          # we poll on pod startup for the Kubernetes master service and

          # only setup the /readiness HTTP server once that's available.

          initialDelaySeconds: 3

          timeoutSeconds: 5

        args:

        - --domain=cluster.local.

        - --dns-port=10053

        - --config-dir=/kube-dns-config

        - --v=2

        #__PILLAR__FEDERATIONS__DOMAIN__MAP__

        env:

        - name: PROMETHEUS_PORT

          value: "10055"

        ports:

        - containerPort: 10053

          name: dns-local

          protocol: UDP

        - containerPort: 10053

          name: dns-tcp-local

          protocol: TCP

        - containerPort: 10055

          name: metrics

          protocol: TCP

        volumeMounts:

        - name: kube-dns-config

          mountPath: /kube-dns-config

      - name: dnsmasq

        image: xuejipeng/k8s-dns-dnsmasq-nanny-amd64:v1.14.1

        livenessProbe:

          httpGet:

            path: /healthcheck/dnsmasq

            port: 10054

            scheme: HTTP

          initialDelaySeconds: 60

          timeoutSeconds: 5

          successThreshold: 1

          failureThreshold: 5

        args:

        - -v=2

        - -logtostderr

        - -configDir=/etc/k8s/dns/dnsmasq-nanny

        - -restartDnsmasq=true

        - --

        - -k

        - --cache-size=1000

        - --log-facility=-

        - --server=/cluster.local./127.0.0.1#10053

        - --server=/in-addr.arpa/127.0.0.1#10053

        - --server=/ip6.arpa/127.0.0.1#10053

        ports:

        - containerPort: 53

          name: dns

          protocol: UDP

        - containerPort: 53

          name: dns-tcp

          protocol: TCP

        # see: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/29055 for details

        resources:

          requests:

            cpu: 150m

            memory: 20Mi

        volumeMounts:

        - name: kube-dns-config

          mountPath: /etc/k8s/dns/dnsmasq-nanny

      - name: sidecar

        image: xuejipeng/k8s-dns-sidecar-amd64:v1.14.1

        livenessProbe:

          httpGet:

            path: /metrics

            port: 10054

            scheme: HTTP

          initialDelaySeconds: 60

          timeoutSeconds: 5

          successThreshold: 1

          failureThreshold: 5

        args:

        - --v=2

        - --logtostderr

        - --probe=kubedns,127.0.0.1:10053,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local.,5,A

        - --probe=dnsmasq,127.0.0.1:53,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local.,5,A

        ports:

        - containerPort: 10054

          name: metrics

          protocol: TCP

        resources:

          requests:

            memory: 20Mi

            cpu: 10m

      dnsPolicy: Default  # Don't use cluster DNS.

      serviceAccountName: kube-dns

 

 

kubedns-sa.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: ServiceAccount

metadata:

  name: kube-dns

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

 

 

kubedns-svc.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

  name: kube-dns

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: kube-dns

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

    kubernetes.io/name: "KubeDNS"

spec:

  selector:

    k8s-app: kube-dns

  clusterIP: 10.254.0.2

  ports:

  - name: dns

    port: 53

    protocol: UDP

  - name: dns-tcp

    port: 53

    protocol: TCP



09-部署Dashboard插件

部署 dashboard 插件

官方文件目录:kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard

使用的文件:

$ ls*.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml dashboard-service.yaml

  • 新加了 dashboard-rbac.yaml 文件,定义 dashboard 使用的 RoleBinding。

由于 kube-apiserver 启用了 RBAC 授权,而官方源码目录的 dashboard-controller.yaml 没有定义授权的ServiceAccount,所以后续访问 kube-apiserver 的 API 时会被拒绝,前端界面提示:


解决办法是:定义一个名为 dashboard 的ServiceAccount,然后将它和 Cluster Role view 绑定,具体参考 dashboard-rbac.yaml文件

已经修改好的 yaml 文件见:dashboard

配置dashboard-service

$ diff dashboard-service.yaml.origdashboard-service.yaml
10a11
>  type: NodePort

  • 指定端口类型为 NodePort,这样外界可以通过地址 nodeIP:nodePort 访问 dashboard;

配置dashboard-controller

20a21
>      serviceAccountName: dashboard
23c24
<         image:gcr.io/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
---
>         image:cokabug/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0

  • 使用名为 dashboard 的自定义 ServiceAccount;

执行所有定义文件

$pwd
/root/kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard
$ ls
*.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml dashboard-service.yaml
$ kubectl create -f 
.
$

检查执行结果

查看分配的 NodePort

$ kubectl get serviceskubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME                   CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes-dashboard  10.254.224.130  
<nodes>      80:30312/TCP   25s

  • NodePort 30312映射到 dashboard pod 80端口;

检查 controller

$ kubectl get deploymentkubernetes-dashboard  -nkube-system
NAME                   DESIRED   CURRENT  UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   1         1         1            1           3m
$ kubectl get pods  -n kube-system
| grepdashboard
kubernetes-dashboard-1339745653-pmn6z  1/1       Running   0         4m

访问dashboard

  1. kubernetes-dashboard 服务暴露了 NodePort,可以使用 http://NodeIP:nodePort 地址访问 dashboard;
  2. 通过 kube-apiserver 访问 dashboard;
  3. 通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard:

通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard

启动代理

$ kubectl proxy --address='192.168.1.206'--port=8086 --accept-hosts='^*$'
Starting to serve on
192.168.1.206:8086

  • 需要指定 --accept-hosts 选项,否则浏览器访问 dashboard 页面时提示 “Unauthorized”;

浏览器访问 URL:http://192.168.1.206:8086/ui 自动跳转到:http://192.168.1.206:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/#/workload?namespace=default

通过 kube-apiserver 访问dashboard

获取集群服务地址列表

$ kubectlcluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at
https://192.168.1.206:6443
KubeDNS is running at
https://192.168.1.206:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns
kubernetes-dashboard is running at
https://192.168.1.206:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard

由于 kube-apiserver 开启了 RBAC 授权,而浏览器访问kube-apiserver 的时候使用的是匿名证书,所以访问安全端口会导致授权失败。这里需要使用非安全端口访问 kube-apiserver:

浏览器访问 URL:http://192.168.1.206:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard


由于缺少 Heapster 插件,当前dashboard 不能展示 Pod、Nodes 的 CPU、内存等 metric 图形;

 

 

 

 

附件:

 

dashboard-controller.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

spec:

  selector:

    matchLabels:

      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

      annotations:

        scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ''

    spec:

      serviceAccountName: dashboard

      containers:

      - name: kubernetes-dashboard

        image: cokabug/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0

        resources:

          # keep request = limit to keep this container in guaranteed class

          limits:

            cpu: 100m

            memory: 50Mi

          requests:

            cpu: 100m

            memory: 50Mi

        ports:

        - containerPort: 9090

        livenessProbe:

          httpGet:

            path: /

            port: 9090

          initialDelaySeconds: 30

          timeoutSeconds: 30

      tolerations:

      - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"

        operator: "Exists"

 

 

dashboard-rbac.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: ServiceAccount

metadata:

  name: dashboard

  namespace: kube-system

 

---

 

kind: ClusterRoleBinding

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1alpha1

metadata:

  name: dashboard

subjects:

  - kind: ServiceAccount

    name: dashboard

    namespace: kube-system

roleRef:

  kind: ClusterRole

  name: cluster-admin

  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

 

 

dashboard-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

  name: kubernetes-dashboard

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

spec:

  type: NodePort

  selector:

    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

  ports:

  - port: 80

    targetPort: 9090



10-部署Heapster插件

部署 heapster 插件

到 heapster release 页面 下载最新版本的 heapster

$ wget https://github.com/kubernetes/heapster/archive/v1.3.0.zip
$ unzip v1.3.0.zip
$ mv v1.3.0.zip heapster-1.3.0
$

官方文件目录: heapster-1.3.0/deploy/kube-config/influxdb

$cdheapster-1.3.0/deploy/kube-config/influxdb
$ ls
*.yaml
grafana-deployment.yaml heapster-deployment.yaml heapster-service.yaml influxdb-deployment.yaml
grafana-service.yaml    heapster-rbac.yaml       influxdb-cm.yaml      influxdb-service.yaml

  • 新加了 heapster-rbac.yaml 和 influxdb-cm.yaml 文件,分别定义 RoleBinding 和 inflxudb 的配置;

已经修改好的 yaml 文件见:heapster

配置 grafana-deployment

$ diff grafana-deployment.yaml.origgrafana-deployment.yaml
16c16
<         image:gcr.io/google_containers/heapster-grafana-amd64:v4.0.2
---
>         image:lvanneo/heapster-grafana-amd64:v4.0.2
40,41c40,41
<          # value:/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/
<           value: /
---
>           value:/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/
>          #value: /

  • 如果后续使用 kube-apiserver 或者 kubectl proxy 访问 grafana dashboard,则必须将 GF_SERVER_ROOT_URL 设置为 /api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/,否则后续访问grafana时访问时提示找不到http://10.64.3.7:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/api/dashboards/home 页面;

配置 heapster-deployment

$ diff heapster-deployment.yaml.origheapster-deployment.yaml
13a14
>      serviceAccountName: heapster
16c17
<         image:gcr.io/google_containers/heapster-amd64:v1.3.0-beta.1
---
>         image:lvanneo/heapster-amd64:v1.3.0-beta.1

  • 使用的是自定义的、名为 heapster 的 ServiceAccount;

配置 influxdb-deployment

influxdb 官方建议使用命令行或 HTTP API 接口来查询数据库,从 v1.1.0版本开始默认关闭 admin UI,将在后续版本中移除 admin UI 插件。

开启镜像中 admin UI的办法如下:先导出镜像中的 influxdb 配置文件,开启admin 插件后,再将配置文件内容写入 ConfigMap,最后挂载到镜像中,达到覆盖原始配置的目的。相关步骤如下:

注意:无需自己导出、修改和创建ConfigMap,可以直接使用放在 manifests 目录下的 ConfigMap文件

$# 导出镜像中的 influxdb 配置文件
$ docker run --rm --entrypoint
'cat'  -ti lvanneo/heapster-influxdb-amd64:v1.1.1/etc/config.toml>config.toml.orig
$ cp config.toml.orig config.toml
$
# 修改:启用 admin 接口
$ vim config.toml
$ diff config.toml.orig config.toml
35c35
<  enabled =false
---
>  enabled =true
$
# 将修改后的配置写入到 ConfigMap对象中
$ kubectl create configmap influxdb-config --from-file=config.toml  -n kube-system
configmap
"influxdb-config" created
$
# 将 ConfigMap 中的配置文件挂载到Pod 中,达到覆盖原始配置的目的
$ diff influxdb-deployment.yaml.orig influxdb-deployment.yaml
16c16
<         image:gcr.io/google_containers/heapster-influxdb-amd64:v1.1.1
---
>         image:lvanneo/heapster-influxdb-amd64:v1.1.1
19a20,21
>         - mountPath: /etc/
>           name:influxdb-config
22a25,27
>      - name: influxdb-config
>         configMap:
>           name: influxdb-config

配置 monitoring-influxdb Service

$ diff influxdb-service.yaml.originfluxdb-service.yaml
12a13
>  type: NodePort
15a17,20
>    name: http
>  - port: 8083
>    targetPort: 8083
>    name: admin

  • 定义端口类型为 NodePort,额外增加了 admin 端口映射,用于后续浏览器访问 influxdb 的 admin UI 界面;

执行所有定义文件

$pwd
/root/heapster-1.3.0/deploy/kube-config/influxdb
$ ls
*.yaml
grafana-deployment.yaml heapster-deployment.yaml heapster-service.yaml influxdb-deployment.yaml
grafana-service.yaml    heapster-rbac.yaml       influxdb-cm.yaml      influxdb-service.yaml
$ kubectl create -f 
.
$

检查执行结果

检查 Deployment

$ kubectl get deployments -nkube-system| grep -E'heapster|monitoring'
heapster               1         1         1            1           1m
monitoring-grafana     1         1         1            1           1m
monitoring-influxdb    1         1         1            1           1m

检查 Pods

$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system| grep -E'heapster|monitoring'
heapster-3273315324-tmxbg              1/1       Running   0         11m
monitoring-grafana-2255110352-94lpn    1/1       Running   0         11m
monitoring-influxdb-884893134-3vb6n    1/1       Running   0         11m

检查 kubernets dashboard 界面,看是显示各 Nodes、Pods 的CPU、内存、负载等利用率曲线图;


访问 grafana

  1. 通过 kube-apiserver 访问:
    获取 monitoring-grafana 服务 URL
    $ kubectl cluster-info
    Kubernetes master is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443
    Heapster is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/heapster
    KubeDNS is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns
    kubernetes-dashboard is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard
    monitoring-grafana is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana
    monitoring-influxdb is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-influxdb
    $
    由于 kube-apiserver 开启了 RBAC 授权,而浏览器访问 kube-apiserver 的时候使用的是匿名证书,所以访问安全端口会导致授权失败。这里需要使用非安全端口访问 kube-apiserver:
    浏览器访问 URL: 
    http://10.64.3.7:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana
  2. 通过 kubectl proxy 访问:
    创建代理
    $ kubectl proxy --address='10.64.3.7' --port=8086 --accept-hosts='^*$'
    Starting to serve on 10.64.3.7:8086
    浏览器访问 URL:http://10.64.3.7:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana


访问 influxdb admin UI

获取 influxdb http 8086 映射的 NodePort

$ kubectl get svc -n kube-system|grep influxdb
monitoring-influxdb   10.254.255.183  
<nodes>      8086:8670/TCP,8083:8595/TCP   21m

通过 kube-apiserver 的非安全端口访问influxdb 的 admin UI 界面: http://10.64.3.7:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-influxdb:8083/

在页面的 “Connection Settings” 的 Host 中输入 node IP,Port 中输入 8086 映射的 nodePort 如上面的 8670,点击 “Save” 即可:


 

 

附件:

grafana-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

  name: monitoring-grafana

  namespace: kube-system

spec:

  replicas: 1

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        task: monitoring

        k8s-app: grafana

    spec:

      containers:

      - name: grafana

        image: lvanneo/heapster-grafana-amd64:v4.0.2

        ports:

          - containerPort: 3000

            protocol: TCP

        volumeMounts:

        - mountPath: /var

          name: grafana-storage

        env:

        - name: INFLUXDB_HOST

          value: monitoring-influxdb

        - name: GRAFANA_PORT

          value: "3000"

          # The following env variables are required to make Grafana accessible via

          # the kubernetes api-server proxy. On production clusters, we recommend

          # removing these env variables, setup auth for grafana, and expose the grafana

          # service using a LoadBalancer or a public IP.

        - name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLED

          value: "false"

        - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED

          value: "true"

        - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE

          value: Admin

        - name: GF_SERVER_ROOT_URL

          # If you're only using the API Server proxy, set this value instead:

          value: /api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/

          #value: /

      volumes:

      - name: grafana-storage

        emptyDir: {}

 

grafana-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

  labels:

    # For use as a Cluster add-on (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons)

    # If you are NOT using this as an addon, you should comment out this line.

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: 'true'

    kubernetes.io/name: monitoring-grafana

  name: monitoring-grafana

  namespace: kube-system

spec:

  # In a production setup, we recommend accessing Grafana through an external Loadbalancer

  # or through a public IP.

  # type: LoadBalancer

  # You could also use NodePort to expose the service at a randomly-generated port

  ports:

  - port : 80

    targetPort: 3000

  selector:

    k8s-app: grafana

 

 

heapster-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

  name: heapster

  namespace: kube-system

spec:

  replicas: 1

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        task: monitoring

        k8s-app: heapster

    spec:

      serviceAccountName: heapster

      containers:

      - name: heapster

        image: lvanneo/heapster-amd64:v1.3.0-beta.1

        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

        command:

        - /heapster

        - --source=kubernetes:https://kubernetes.default

        - --sink=influxdb:http://monitoring-influxdb:8086

 

 

heapster-rbac.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: ServiceAccount

metadata:

  name: heapster

  namespace: kube-system

 

---

 

kind: ClusterRoleBinding

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1alpha1

metadata:

  name: heapster

subjects:

  - kind: ServiceAccount

    name: heapster

    namespace: kube-system

roleRef:

  kind: ClusterRole

  name: system:heapster

  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

 

heapster-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

  labels:

    task: monitoring

    # For use as a Cluster add-on (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons)

    # If you are NOT using this as an addon, you should comment out this line.

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: 'true'

    kubernetes.io/name: Heapster

  name: heapster

  namespace: kube-system

spec:

  ports:

  - port: 80

    targetPort: 8082

  selector:

    k8s-app: heapster

 

 

influxdb-cm.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: ConfigMap

metadata:

  name: influxdb-config

  namespace: kube-system

data:

  config.toml: |

    reporting-disabled = true

    bind-address = ":8088"

    [meta]

      dir = "/data/meta"

      retention-autocreate = true

      logging-enabled = true

    [data]

      dir = "/data/data"

      wal-dir = "/data/wal"

      query-log-enabled = true

      cache-max-memory-size = 1073741824

      cache-snapshot-memory-size = 26214400

      cache-snapshot-write-cold-duration = "10m0s"

      compact-full-write-cold-duration = "4h0m0s"

      max-series-per-database = 1000000

      max-values-per-tag = 100000

      trace-logging-enabled = false

    [coordinator]

      write-timeout = "10s"

      max-concurrent-queries = 0

      query-timeout = "0s"

      log-queries-after = "0s"

      max-select-point = 0

      max-select-series = 0

      max-select-buckets = 0

    [retention]

      enabled = true

      check-interval = "30m0s"

    [admin]

      enabled = true

      bind-address = ":8083"

      https-enabled = false

      https-certificate = "/etc/ssl/influxdb.pem"

    [shard-precreation]

      enabled = true

      check-interval = "10m0s"

      advance-period = "30m0s"

    [monitor]

      store-enabled = true

      store-database = "_internal"

      store-interval = "10s"

    [subscriber]

      enabled = true

      http-timeout = "30s"

      insecure-skip-verify = false

      ca-certs = ""

      write-concurrency = 40

      write-buffer-size = 1000

    [http]

      enabled = true

      bind-address = ":8086"

      auth-enabled = false

      log-enabled = true

      write-tracing = false

      pprof-enabled = false

      https-enabled = false

      https-certificate = "/etc/ssl/influxdb.pem"

      https-private-key = ""

      max-row-limit = 10000

      max-connection-limit = 0

      shared-secret = ""

      realm = "InfluxDB"

      unix-socket-enabled = false

      bind-socket = "/var/run/influxdb.sock"

    [[graphite]]

      enabled = false

      bind-address = ":2003"

      database = "graphite"

      retention-policy = ""

      protocol = "tcp"

      batch-size = 5000

      batch-pending = 10

      batch-timeout = "1s"

      consistency-level = "one"

      separator = "."

      udp-read-buffer = 0

    [[collectd]]

      enabled = false

      bind-address = ":25826"

      database = "collectd"

      retention-policy = ""

      batch-size = 5000

      batch-pending = 10

      batch-timeout = "10s"

      read-buffer = 0

      typesdb = "/usr/share/collectd/types.db"

    [[opentsdb]]

      enabled = false

      bind-address = ":4242"

      database = "opentsdb"

      retention-policy = ""

      consistency-level = "one"

      tls-enabled = false

      certificate = "/etc/ssl/influxdb.pem"

      batch-size = 1000

      batch-pending = 5

      batch-timeout = "1s"

      log-point-errors = true

    [[udp]]

      enabled = false

      bind-address = ":8089"

      database = "udp"

      retention-policy = ""

      batch-size = 5000

      batch-pending = 10

      read-buffer = 0

      batch-timeout = "1s"

      precision = ""

    [continuous_queries]

      log-enabled = true

      enabled = true

      run-interval = "1s"

 

 

 

influxdb-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

  name: monitoring-influxdb

  namespace: kube-system

spec:

  replicas: 1

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        task: monitoring

        k8s-app: influxdb

    spec:

      containers:

      - name: influxdb

        image: lvanneo/heapster-influxdb-amd64:v1.1.1

        volumeMounts:

        - mountPath: /data

          name: influxdb-storage

        - mountPath: /etc/

          name: influxdb-config

      volumes:

      - name: influxdb-storage

        emptyDir: {}

      - name: influxdb-config

        configMap:

          name: influxdb-config

 

 

influxdb-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

  labels:

    task: monitoring

    # For use as a Cluster add-on (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons)

    # If you are NOT using this as an addon, you should comment out this line.

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: 'true'

    kubernetes.io/name: monitoring-influxdb

  name: monitoring-influxdb

  namespace: kube-system

spec:

  type: NodePort

  ports:

  - port: 8086

    targetPort: 8086

    name: http

  - port: 8083

    targetPort: 8083

    name: admin

  selector:

    k8s-app: influxdb




11-部署EFK插件

部署 EFK 插件

官方文件目录:kubernetes/cluster/addons/fluentd-elasticsearch

$ ls*.yaml
es-controller.yaml es-rbac.yaml es-service.yaml fluentd-es-ds.yaml kibana-controller.yaml kibana-service.yaml fluentd-es-rbac.yaml

  • 新加了 es-rbac.yaml 和 fluentd-es-rbac.yaml 文件,定义了 elasticsearch 和 fluentd 使用的 Role 和 RoleBinding;

已经修改好的 yaml 文件见:EFK

配置 es-controller.yaml

$ diff es-controller.yaml.origes-controller.yaml
22a23
>      serviceAccountName: elasticsearch
24c25
<      - image: gcr.io/google_containers/elasticsearch:v2.4.1-2
---
>      - image: onlyerich/elasticsearch:v2.4.1-2

配置 es-service.yaml

无需配置;

配置 fluentd-es-ds.yaml

$ diff fluentd-es-ds.yaml.origfluentd-es-ds.yaml
23a24
>      serviceAccountName: fluentd
26c27
<         image:gcr.io/google_containers/fluentd-elasticsearch:1.22
---
>         image:onlyerich/fluentd-elasticsearch:1.22

配置 kibana-controller.yaml

$ diff kibana-controller.yaml.origkibana-controller.yaml
22c22
<         image:gcr.io/google_containers/kibana:v4.6.1-1
---
>         image: onlyerich/kibana:v4.6.1-1

给 Node 设置标签

DaemonSet fluentd-es-v1.22 只会调度到设置了标签 beta.kubernetes.io/fluentd-ds-ready=true 的 Node,需要在期望运行 fluentd的 Node 上设置该标签;

$ kubectl get nodes
NAME        STATUS    AGE      VERSION
10.64.3.7   Ready     1d       v1.6.2

$ kubectl label nodes 10.64.3.7beta.kubernetes.io/fluentd-ds-ready=true
node
"10.64.3.7" labeled

执行定义文件

$pwd
/root/kubernetes/cluster/addons/fluentd-elasticsearch
$ ls
*.yaml
es-controller.yaml es-rbac.yaml es-service.yaml fluentd-es-ds.yaml kibana-controller.yaml kibana-service.yaml fluentd-es-rbac.yaml
$ kubectl create -f
.
$

检查执行结果

$ kubectl get deployment -nkube-system|grep kibana
kibana-logging         1         1         1            1           2m

$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system|grep -E 'elasticsearch|fluentd|kibana'
elasticsearch-logging-v1-kwc9w         1/1       Running   0         4m
elasticsearch-logging-v1-ws9mk         1/1       Running   0         4m
fluentd-es-v1.22-g76x0                 1/1       Running   0         4m
kibana-logging-324921636-ph7sn         1/1       Running   0         4m

$ kubectl get service  -n kube-system|grep-E'elasticsearch|kibana'
elasticsearch-logging  10.254.128.156  
<none>       9200/TCP       3m
kibana-logging         10.254.88.109   
<none>       5601/TCP        3m

kibana Pod 第一次启动时会用**较长时间(10-20分钟)**来优化和 Cache状态页面,可以 tailf 该 Pod 的日志观察进度:

$ kubectl logskibana-logging-324921636-ph7sn -n kube-system-f
ELASTICSEARCH_URL=http://elasticsearch-logging:9200
server.basePath:/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kibana-logging
{
"type":"log","@timestamp":"2017-04-08T09:30:30Z","tags":["info","optimize"],"pid":7,"message":"Optimizingand caching bundles for kibana and statusPage. This may take a fewminutes"}
{
"type":"log","@timestamp":"2017-04-08T09:44:01Z","tags":["info","optimize"],"pid":7,"message":"Optimizationof bundles for kibana and statusPage complete in 811.00 seconds"}
{
"type":"log","@timestamp":"2017-04-08T09:44:02Z","tags":["status","plugin:kibana@1.0.0","info"],"pid":7,"state":"green","message":"Statuschanged from uninitialized to green - Ready","prevState":"uninitialized","prevMsg":"uninitialized"}

访问 kibana

  1. 通过 kube-apiserver 访问:
    获取 monitoring-grafana 服务 URL
    $ kubectl cluster-info
    Kubernetes master is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443
    Elasticsearch is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging
    Heapster is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/heapster
    Kibana is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kibana-logging
    KubeDNS is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns
    kubernetes-dashboard is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard
    monitoring-grafana is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana
    monitoring-influxdb is running at
    https://10.64.3.7:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-influxdb
    由于 kube-apiserver 开启了 RBAC 授权,而浏览器访问 kube-apiserver 的时候使用的是匿名证书,所以访问安全端口会导致授权失败。这里需要使用非安全端口访问 kube-apiserver:
    浏览器访问 URL: 
    http://10.64.3.7:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kibana-logging
  2. 通过 kubectl proxy 访问:
    创建代理
    $ kubectl proxy --address='10.64.3.7' --port=8086 --accept-hosts='^*$'
    Starting to serve on 10.64.3.7:8086
    浏览器访问 URL:http://10.64.3.7:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kibana-logging

在 Settings -> Indices页面创建一个 index(相当于 mysql 中的一个 database),选中 Index contains time-based events,使用默认的 logstash-* pattern,点击 Create ;


创建Index后,稍等几分钟就可以在 Discover 菜单下看到 ElasticSearchlogging 中汇聚的日志;


 

 

附件:

es-controller.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: ReplicationController

metadata:

  name: elasticsearch-logging-v1

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: elasticsearch-logging

    version: v1

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

spec:

  replicas: 2

  selector:

    k8s-app: elasticsearch-logging

    version: v1

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        k8s-app: elasticsearch-logging

        version: v1

        kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    spec:

      serviceAccountName: elasticsearch

      containers:

      - image: onlyerich/elasticsearch:v2.4.1-2

        name: elasticsearch-logging

        resources:

          # need more cpu upon initialization, therefore burstable class

          limits:

            cpu: 1000m

          requests:

            cpu: 100m

        ports:

        - containerPort: 9200

          name: db

          protocol: TCP

        - containerPort: 9300

          name: transport

          protocol: TCP

        volumeMounts:

        - name: es-persistent-storage

          mountPath: /data

        env:

        - name: "NAMESPACE"

          valueFrom:

            fieldRef:

              fieldPath: metadata.namespace

      volumes:

      - name: es-persistent-storage

        emptyDir: {}

 

es-rbac.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: ServiceAccount

metadata:

  name: elasticsearch

  namespace: kube-system

 

---

 

kind: ClusterRoleBinding

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1alpha1

metadata:

  name: elasticsearch

subjects:

  - kind: ServiceAccount

    name: elasticsearch

    namespace: kube-system

roleRef:

  kind: ClusterRole

  name: view

  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

 

 

es-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

  name: elasticsearch-logging

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: elasticsearch-logging

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

    kubernetes.io/name: "Elasticsearch"

spec:

  ports:

  - port: 9200

    protocol: TCP

    targetPort: db

  selector:

    k8s-app: elasticsearch-logging

 

fluentd-es-ds.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

kind: DaemonSet

metadata:

  name: fluentd-es-v1.22

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: fluentd-es

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

    version: v1.22

spec:

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        k8s-app: fluentd-es

        kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

        version: v1.22

      # This annotation ensures that fluentd does not get evicted if the node

      # supports critical pod annotation based priority scheme.

      # Note that this does not guarantee admission on the nodes (#40573).

      annotations:

        scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ''

    spec:

      serviceAccountName: fluentd

      containers:

      - name: fluentd-es

        image: onlyerich/fluentd-elasticsearch:1.22

        command:

          - '/bin/sh'

          - '-c'

          - '/usr/sbin/td-agent 2>&1 >> /var/log/fluentd.log'

        resources:

          limits:

            memory: 200Mi

          requests:

            cpu: 100m

            memory: 200Mi

        volumeMounts:

        - name: varlog

          mountPath: /var/log

        - name: varlibdockercontainers

          mountPath: /var/lib/docker/containers

          readOnly: true

      nodeSelector:

        beta.kubernetes.io/fluentd-ds-ready: "true"

      tolerations:

      - key : "node.alpha.kubernetes.io/ismaster"

        effect: "NoSchedule"

      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30

      volumes:

      - name: varlog

        hostPath:

          path: /var/log

      - name: varlibdockercontainers

        hostPath:

          path: /var/lib/docker/containers

 

 

fluentd-es-rbac.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: ServiceAccount

metadata:

  name: fluentd

  namespace: kube-system

 

---

 

kind: ClusterRoleBinding

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1alpha1

metadata:

  name: fluentd

subjects:

  - kind: ServiceAccount

    name: fluentd

    namespace: kube-system

roleRef:

  kind: ClusterRole

  name: view

  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

 

kibana-controller.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

  name: kibana-logging

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: kibana-logging

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

spec:

  replicas: 1

  selector:

    matchLabels:

      k8s-app: kibana-logging

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        k8s-app: kibana-logging

    spec:

      containers:

      - name: kibana-logging

        image: onlyerich/kibana:v4.6.1-1

        resources:

          # keep request = limit to keep this container in guaranteed class

          limits:

            cpu: 100m

          requests:

            cpu: 100m

        env:

          - name: "ELASTICSEARCH_URL"

            value: "http://elasticsearch-logging:9200"

          - name: "KIBANA_BASE_URL"

            value: "/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kibana-logging"

        ports:

        - containerPort: 5601

          name: ui

          protocol: TCP

 

 

kibana-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

  name: kibana-logging

  namespace: kube-system

  labels:

    k8s-app: kibana-logging

    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

    kubernetes.io/name: "Kibana"

spec:

  ports:

  - port: 5601

    protocol: TCP

    targetPort: ui

  selector:

    k8s-app: kibana-logging


12-部署Docker-Registry

部署私有 docker registry

注意:本文档介绍使用 docker 官方的 registry v2镜像部署私有仓库的步骤,你也可以部署 Harbor 私有仓库(部署Harbor 私有仓库)。

本文档讲解部署一个 TLS 加密、HTTP Basic 认证、用 ceph rgw做后端存储的私有 docker registry 步骤,如果使用其它类型的后端存储,则可以从 “创建 docker registry” 节开始;

示例两台机器 IP 如下:

  • ceph rgw: 10.64.3.9
  • docker registry: 10.64.3.7

部署 ceph RGW 节点

$ ceph-deploy rgw create 10.64.3.9# rgw 默认监听7480端口
$

创建测试账号 demo

$ radosgw-admin user create --uid=demo--display-name="cephrgw demo user"
$

创建 demo 账号的子账号 swift

当前 registry 只支持使用 swift 协议访问 ceph rgw 存储,暂时不支持s3 协议;

$ radosgw-admin subuser create --uid demo--subuser=demo:swift --access=full --secret=secretkey --key-type=swift
$

创建 demo:swift 子账号的 sercret key

$ radosgw-admin key create--subuser=demo:swift --key-type=swift --gen-secret
{
   
"user_id":"demo",
   
"display_name":"cephrgw demo user",
   
"email":"",
   
"suspended": 0,
   
"max_buckets": 1000,
   
"auid": 0,
   
"subusers": [
        {
           
"id":"demo:swift",
           
"permissions":"full-control"
        }
    ],
   
"keys": [
        {
           
"user":"demo",
           
"access_key":"5Y1B1SIJ2YHKEHO5U36B",
           
"secret_key":"nrIvtPqUj7pUlccLYPuR3ntVzIa50DToIpe7xFjT"
        }
    ],
   
"swift_keys": [
        {
           
"user":"demo:swift",
           
"secret_key":"aCgVTx3Gfz1dBiFS4NfjIRmvT0sgpHDP6aa0Yfrh"
        }
    ],
   
"caps": [],
   
"op_mask":"read,write, delete",
   
"default_placement":"",
   
"placement_tags": [],
   
"bucket_quota": {
       
"enabled": false,
       
"max_size_kb": -1,
       
"max_objects": -1
    },
   
"user_quota": {
       
"enabled": false,
       
"max_size_kb": -1,
       
"max_objects": -1
    },
       
"temp_url_keys": []
}

  • aCgVTx3Gfz1dBiFS4NfjIRmvT0sgpHDP6aa0Yfrh 为子账号 demo:swift 的 secret key;

创建 docker registry

创建 registry 使用的 TLS 证书

$ mdir -p registry/{auth,certs}
$ cat registry-csr.json
{
 
"CN":"registry",
 
"hosts": [
     
"127.0.0.1",
     
"10.64.3.7"
  ],
 
"key": {
   
"algo":"rsa",
   
"size": 2048
  },
 
"names": [
    {
     
"C":"CN",
     
"ST":"BeiJing",
     
"L":"BeiJing",
     
"O":"k8s",
     
"OU":"System"
    }
  ]
}
$ cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
   -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
    -profile=kubernetes registry-csr.json
| cfssljson -bare registry
$ cp registry.pem registry-key.pem registry/certs
$

  • 这里复用以前创建的 CA 证书和秘钥文件;
  • hosts 字段指定 registry 的 NodeIP;

创建 HTTP Baisc 认证文件

$ docker run --entrypoint htpasswdregistry:2 -Bbn foo foo123 > auth/htpasswd
$ catauth/htpasswd
foo:$2y$05$I60z69MdluAQ8i1Ka3x3Neb332yz1ioow2C4oroZSOE0fqPogAmZm

配置 registry 参数

$ exportRGW_AUTH_URL="http://10.64.3.9:7480/auth/v1"
$
export RGW_USER="demo:swift"
$
export RGW_SECRET_KEY="aCgVTx3Gfz1dBiFS4NfjIRmvT0sgpHDP6aa0Yfrh"
$ cat
> config.yml<< EOF
# https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#list-of-configuration-options
version: 0.1
log:
  level: info
  fromatter: text
  fields:
    service: registry

storage:
  cache:
    blobdescriptor: inmemory
  delete:
    enabled:
true
  swift:
    authurl: ${RGW_AUTH_URL}
    username: ${RGW_USER}
    password: ${RGW_SECRET_KEY}
    container: registry

auth:
  htpasswd:
    realm: basic-realm
    path: /auth/htpasswd

http:
  addr: 0.0.0.0:8000
  headers:
    X-Content-Type-Options:[nosniff]
  tls:
    certificate:/certs/registry.pem
    key: /certs/registry-key.pem

health:
  storagedriver:
    enabled:
true
    interval: 10s
    threshold: 3
EOF

  • storage.swift 指定后端使用 swfit 接口协议的存储,这里配置的是 ceph rgw 存储参数;
  • auth.htpasswd 指定了 HTTP Basic 认证的 token 文件路径;
  • http.tls 指定了 registry http 服务器的证书和秘钥文件路径;

创建 docker registry

$ docker run -d -p 8000:8000\
    -v
$(pwd)/registry/auth/:/auth\
    -v
$(pwd)/registry/certs:/certs\
    -v
$(pwd)/config.yml:/etc/docker/registry/config.yml\
    --name registry registry:2

  • 执行该 docker run 命令的机器 IP 为 10.64.3.7;

向 registry push image

将签署 registry 证书的 CA证书拷贝到 /etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7:8000 目录下

$ sudo mkdir -p/etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7:8000
$ sudo cp /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem/etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7:8000/ca.crt
$

登陆私有 registry

$ docker login 10.64.3.7:8000
Username: foo
Password:
Login Succeeded

登陆信息被写入 ~/.docker/config.json 文件

$ cat ~/.docker/config.json
{
       
"auths": {
               
"10.64.3.7:8000": {
                       
"auth":"Zm9vOmZvbzEyMw=="
                }
        }
}

将本地的 image 打上私有 registry 的 tag

$ docker tagdocker.io/kubernetes/pause 10.64.3.7:8000/zhangjun3/pause
$ docker images
|greppause
docker.io/kubernetes/pause                            latest              f9d5de079539        2 years ago         239.8kB
10.64.3.7:8000/zhangjun3/pause                        latest              f9d5de079539        2 years ago         239.8 kB

将 image push 到私有 registry

$ docker push10.64.3.7:8000/zhangjun3/pause
The push refers to a repository[10.64.3.7:8000/zhangjun3/pause]
5f70bf18a086: Pushed
e16a89738269: Pushed
latest: digest:sha256:9a6b437e896acad3f5a2a8084625fdd4177b2e7124ee943af642259f2f283359 size:916

查看 ceph 上是否已经有 push 的 pause 容器文件

$ radoslspools
rbd
.rgw.root
default.rgw.control
default.rgw.data.root
default.rgw.gc
default.rgw.log
default.rgw.users.uid
default.rgw.users.keys
default.rgw.users.swift
default.rgw.buckets.index
default.rgw.buckets.data

$ rados --pooldefault.rgw.buckets.data ls|greppause
9c2d5a9d-19e6-4003-90b5-b1cbf15e890d.4310.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/zhangjun3/pause/_layers/sha256/f9d5de0795395db6c50cb1ac82ebed1bd8eb3eefcebb1aa724e01239594e937b/link
9c2d5a9d-19e6-4003-90b5-b1cbf15e890d.4310.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/zhangjun3/pause/_layers/sha256/f72a00a23f01987b42cb26f259582bb33502bdb0fcf5011e03c60577c4284845/link
9c2d5a9d-19e6-4003-90b5-b1cbf15e890d.4310.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/zhangjun3/pause/_layers/sha256/a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4/link
9c2d5a9d-19e6-4003-90b5-b1cbf15e890d.4310.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/zhangjun3/pause/_manifests/tags/latest/current/link
9c2d5a9d-19e6-4003-90b5-b1cbf15e890d.4310.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/zhangjun3/pause/_manifests/tags/latest/index/sha256/9a6b437e896acad3f5a2a8084625fdd4177b2e7124ee943af642259f2f283359/link
9c2d5a9d-19e6-4003-90b5-b1cbf15e890d.4310.1_files/docker/registry/v2/repositories/zhangjun3/pause/_manifests/revisions/sha256/9a6b437e896acad3f5a2a8084625fdd4177b2e7124ee943af642259f2f283359/link

私有 registry 的运维操作

查询私有镜像中的 images

$ curl --user zhangjun3:xxx --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7\:8000/ca.crthttps://10.64.3.7:8000/v2/_catalog
{
"repositories":["library/redis","zhangjun3/busybox","zhangjun3/pause","zhangjun3/pause2"]}

查询某个镜像的 tags 列表

$ curl --user zhangjun3:xxx --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7\:8000/ca.crthttps://10.64.3.7:8000/v2/zhangjun3/busybox/tags/list
{
"name":"zhangjun3/busybox","tags":["latest"]}

获取 image 或 layer 的 digest

向 v2/<repoName>/manifests/<tagName> 发 GET 请求,从响应的头部 Docker-Content-Digest 获取 image digest,从响应的body 的 fsLayers.blobSum 中获取 layDigests;

注意,必须包含请求头:Accept:application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json:

$ curl -v -H "Accept:application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json" --user zhangjun3:xxx --cacert/etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7\:8000/ca.crt https://10.64.3.7:8000/v2/zhangjun3/busybox/manifests/latest

> GET /v2/zhangjun3/busybox/manifests/latest HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0
> Host: 10.64.3.7:8000
> Accept:application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Length: 527
< Content-Type:application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json
< Docker-Content-Digest:sha256:68effe31a4ae8312e47f54bec52d1fc925908009ce7e6f734e1b54a4169081c5
< Docker-Distribution-Api-Version:registry/2.0
< Etag:"sha256:68effe31a4ae8312e47f54bec52d1fc925908009ce7e6f734e1b54a4169081c5"
< X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
< Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2017 15:19:42GMT
<
{
  
"schemaVersion": 2,
  
"mediaType":"application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json",
  
"config": {
     
"mediaType":"application/vnd.docker.container.image.v1+json",
     
"size": 1465,
     
"digest":"sha256:00f017a8c2a6e1fe2ffd05c281f27d069d2a99323a8cd514dd35f228ba26d2ff"
   },
  
"layers": [
      {
        
"mediaType":"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip",
        
"size": 701102,
        
"digest":"sha256:04176c8b224aa0eb9942af765f66dae866f436e75acef028fe44b8a98e045515"
      }
   ]
}

删除 image

向 /v2/<name>/manifests/<reference> 发送 DELETE 请求,reference为上一步返回的 Docker-Content-Digest 字段内容:

$ curl -X DELETE --user zhangjun3:xxx --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7\:8000/ca.crthttps://10.64.3.7:8000/v2/zhangjun3/busybox/manifests/sha256:68effe31a4ae8312e47f54bec52d1fc925908009ce7e6f734e1b54a4169081c5
$

删除 layer

向 /v2/<name>/blobs/<digest>发送 DELETE 请求,其中 digest是上一步返回的 fsLayers.blobSum 字段内容:

$ curl -X DELETE --user zhangjun3:xxx --cacert /etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7\:8000/ca.crthttps://10.64.3.7:8000/v2/zhangjun3/busybox/blobs/sha256:a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4
$ curl -X DELETE  --cacert/etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7\:8000/ca.crt
https://10.64.3.7:8000/v2/zhangjun3/busybox/blobs/sha256:04176c8b224aa0eb9942af765f66dae866f436e75acef028fe44b8a98e045515

 

 

 

附件:

config.yml   我挂载的本地路径

version: 0.1

log:

  level: info

  fromatter: text

  fields:

    service: registry

 

storage:

  cache:

    blobdescriptor: inmemory

  delete:

    enabled: true

  filesystem:

    rootdirectory: /var/lib/registry

 

auth:

  htpasswd:

    realm: basic-realm

    path: /auth/htpasswd

 

http:

  addr: 0.0.0.0:8000

  headers:

    X-Content-Type-Options: [nosniff]

  tls:

    certificate: /certs/registry.pem

    key: /certs/registry-key.pem

 

health:

  storagedriver:

    enabled: true

    interval: 10s

    threshold: 3


13-部署harbor私有仓库

部署 harbor 私有仓库

本文档介绍使用 docker-compose 部署 harbor私有仓库的步骤,你也可以使用 docker 官方的 registry 镜像部署私有仓库(部署Docker Registry)。

使用的变量

本文档用到的变量定义如下:

$exportNODE_IP=10.64.3.7# 当前部署harbor 的节点 IP
$

下载文件

从 docker compose 发布页面下载最新的 docker-compose 二进制文件

$ wgethttps://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.12.0/docker-compose-Linux-x86_64
$ mv
~/docker-compose-Linux-x86_64/root/local/bin/docker-compose
$ chmod a+x /root/local/bin/docker-compose
$
export PATH=/root/local/bin:$PATH
$

从 harbor 发布页面下载最新的 harbor 离线安装包

$ wget --continuehttps://github.com/vmware/harbor/releases/download/v1.1.0/harbor-offline-installer-v1.1.0.tgz
$ tar -xzvf harbor-offline-installer-v1.1.0.tgz
$
cd harbor
$

导入 docker images

导入离线安装包中 harbor 相关的 docker images:

$ docker load -i harbor.v1.1.0.tar.gz
$

创建 harbor nginx 服务器使用的 TLS 证书

创建 harbor 证书签名请求:

$ cat>harbor-csr.json<<EOF
{
  "CN": "harbor",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "$NODE_IP"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

  • hosts 字段指定授权使用该证书的当前部署节点 IP,如果后续使用域名访问 harbor则还需要添加域名;

生成 harbor 证书和私钥:

$ cfssl gencert-ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem\
 -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes harbor-csr.json
| cfssljson -bare harbor
$ ls harbor
*
harbor.csr  harbor-csr.json  harbor-key.pem harbor.pem
$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/harbor/ssl
$ sudo mv harbor
*.pem /etc/harbor/ssl
$ rm harbor.csr  harbor-csr.json

修改 harbor.cfg 文件

$ diff harbor.cfg.origharbor.cfg
5c5
< hostname =reg.mydomain.com
---
> hostname = 10.64.3.7
9c9
< ui_url_protocol = http
---
> ui_url_protocol =https
24,25c24,25
< ssl_cert =/data/cert/server.crt
< ssl_cert_key =/data/cert/server.key
---
> ssl_cert =/etc/harbor/ssl/harbor.pem
> ssl_cert_key =/etc/harbor/ssl/harbor-key.pem

加载和启动 harbor 镜像

mkdir -p /data

$ ./install.sh
[Step 0]: checking installation environment ...

Note: docker version: 17.04.0

Note: docker-compose version: 1.12.0

[Step 1]: loading Harbor images ...
Loaded image: vmware/harbor-adminserver:v1.1.0
Loaded image: vmware/harbor-ui:v1.1.0
Loaded image: vmware/harbor-log:v1.1.0
Loaded image: vmware/harbor-jobservice:v1.1.0
Loaded image: vmware/registry:photon-2.6.0
Loaded image: vmware/harbor-notary-db:mariadb-10.1.10
Loaded image: vmware/harbor-db:v1.1.0
Loaded image: vmware/nginx:1.11.5-patched
Loaded image: photon:1.0
Loaded image: vmware/notary-photon:server-0.5.0
Loaded image: vmware/notary-photon:signer-0.5.0

[Step 2]: preparing environment ...
Generated and saved secret to file: /data/secretkey
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/nginx/nginx.conf
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/adminserver/env
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/ui/env
Generated configuration file:./common/config/registry/config.yml
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/db/env
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/jobservice/env
Generated configuration file:./common/config/jobservice/app.conf
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/ui/app.conf
Generated certificate, key file: ./common/config/ui/private_key.pem, cert file:./common/config/registry/root.crt
The configuration files are ready, please use docker-compose to start theservice.

[Step 3]: checking existing instance of Harbor ...

[Step 4]: starting Harbor...
Creating network
"harbor_harbor" with the default driver
Creating harbor-log
Creating registry
Creating harbor-adminserver
Creating harbor-db
Creating harbor-ui
Creating harbor-jobservice
Creating nginx

✔ ----Harbor has been installed and startedsuccessfully.----

Now you should be able to visit theadmin portal athttps://10.64.3.7.
For more details, please visit
https://github.com/vmware/harbor.

访问管理界面

浏览器访问 https://${NODE_IP},示例的是 https://10.64.3.7

用账号 admin 和 harbor.cfg配置文件中的默认密码 Harbor12345 登陆系统:


harbor 运行时产生的文件、目录

$# 日志目录
$ ls /var/log/harbor/2017-04-19/
adminserver.log  jobservice.log  mysql.log proxy.log  registry.log  ui.log
$
# 数据目录,包括数据库、镜像仓库
$ ls /data/
ca_download  config  database job_logs registry  secretkey

docker 客户端登陆

将签署 harbor 证书的 CA证书拷贝到 /etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7 目录下

$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7
$ sudo cp /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem/etc/docker/certs.d/10.64.3.7/ca.crt
$

登陆 harbor

$ docker login 10.64.3.7
Username: admin
Password:

认证信息自动保存到 ~/.docker/config.json 文件。

其它操作

下列操作的工作目录均为 解压离线安装文件后 生成的 harbor 目录。

$# 停止 harbor
$ docker-compose down -v
$
# 修改配置
$ vim harbor.cfg
$
# 更修改的配置更新到docker-compose.yml 文件
[root@tjwq01-sys-bs003007 harbor]
# ./prepare
Clearing the configuration file: ./common/config/ui/app.conf
Clearing the configuration file: ./common/config/ui/env
Clearing the configuration file:./common/config/ui/private_key.pem
Clearing the configuration file: ./common/config/db/env
Clearing the configuration file:./common/config/registry/root.crt
Clearing the configuration file:./common/config/registry/config.yml
Clearing the configuration file:./common/config/jobservice/app.conf
Clearing the configuration file: ./common/config/jobservice/env
Clearing the configuration file:./common/config/nginx/cert/admin.pem
Clearing the configuration file:./common/config/nginx/cert/admin-key.pem
Clearing the configuration file: ./common/config/nginx/nginx.conf
Clearing the configuration file: ./common/config/adminserver/env
loaded secret from file: /data/secretkey
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/nginx/nginx.conf
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/adminserver/env
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/ui/env
Generated configuration file:./common/config/registry/config.yml
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/db/env
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/jobservice/env
Generated configuration file:./common/config/jobservice/app.conf
Generated configuration file: ./common/config/ui/app.conf
Generated certificate, key file: ./common/config/ui/private_key.pem, cert file:./common/config/registry/root.crt
The configuration files are ready, please use docker-compose to start theservice.
$
# 启动 harbor
[root@tjwq01-sys-bs003007 harbor]
# docker-compose up -d

 

 

 

附件:

harbor.cfg

hostname = 192.168.1.206

ui_url_protocol = https

db_password = root123

max_job_workers = 3

customize_crt = on

ssl_cert = /etc/harbor/ssl/harbor.pem

ssl_cert_key = /etc/harbor/ssl/harbor-key.pem

secretkey_path = /data

admiral_url = NA

email_identity =

email_server = smtp.mydomain.com

email_server_port = 25

email_username = sample_admin@mydomain.com

email_password = abc

email_from = admin <sample_admin@mydomain.com>

email_ssl = false

harbor_admin_password = Harbor12345

auth_mode = db_auth

ldap_url = ldaps://ldap.mydomain.com

ldap_basedn = ou=people,dc=mydomain,dc=com

ldap_uid = uid

ldap_scope = 3

ldap_timeout = 5

self_registration = on

token_expiration = 30

project_creation_restriction = everyone

verify_remote_cert = on


14-清理集群

清理集群

清理 Node 节点

停相关进程:

$ sudo systemctl stop kubelet kube-proxy flannelddocker
$

清理文件:

$# umount kubelet 挂载的目录
$ mount
| grep'/var/lib/kubelet'| awk'{print $3}'|xargs sudo umount
$
# 删除 kubelet 工作目录
$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/kubelet
$
# 删除 docker 工作目录
$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
$
# 删除 flanneld 写入的网络配置文件
$ sudo rm -rf /var/run/flannel/
$
# 删除 docker 的一些运行文件
$ sudo rm -rf /var/run/docker/
$
# 删除 systemd unit 文件
$ sudo rm -rf /etc/systemd/system/{kubelet,docker,flanneld}.service
$
# 删除程序文件
$ sudo rm -rf /root/local/bin/{kubelet,docker,flanneld}
$
# 删除证书文件
$ sudo rm -rf /etc/flanneld/ssl /etc/kubernetes/ssl
$

清理 kube-proxy 和 docker 创建的 iptables:

$ sudo iptables -F&& sudo iptables -X&& sudo iptables -F -t nat&& sudo iptables -X -t nat
$

删除 flanneld 和 docker 创建的网桥:

$ ip link del flannel.1
$ ip link del docker0
$

清理 Master 节点

停相关进程:

$ sudo systemctl stop kube-apiserverkube-controller-manager kube-scheduler
$

清理文件:

$# 删除 kube-apiserver 工作目录
$ sudo rm -rf /var/run/kubernetes
$
# 删除 systemd unit 文件
$ sudo rm -rf/etc/systemd/system/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler}.service
$
# 删除程序文件
$ sudo rm -rf/root/local/bin/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler}
$
# 删除证书文件
$ sudo rm -rf /etc/flanneld/ssl /etc/kubernetes/ssl
$

清理 etcd 集群

停相关进程:

$ sudo systemctl stop etcd
$

清理文件:

$# 删除 etcd 的工作目录和数据目录
$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/etcd
$
# 删除 systemd unit 文件
$ sudo rm -rf /etc/systemd/system/etcd.service
$
# 删除程序文件
$ sudo rm -rf /root/local/bin/etcd
$
# 删除 TLS 证书文件
$ sudo rm -rf /etc/etcd/ssl/
*

 



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