（一）To add

additionally，furthermore，moreover，in addition(另外，此外)，

also，besides，again，even more(更多地，更加，甚至)

（二）To introduce(Exemplification or illustration, 例证和说明)

such as，as，particularly，for example，for instance，specifically

in particular(尤其，特别)，to demonstrate(示范，演示)

（三）To compare (similarity)

in the same way(同样地)，in comparison(与……比较，相比之下)，similarly，in the similar manner，

equally，in similar fashion(同样地)，likewise(同样地，注意区分otherwise(否则，另外的))

（四）To Contrast (differences)

but(但是，注意还有：仅仅，只，除……以外)，otherwise，nevertheless(然而，不过，虽然)，

conversely(相反地)，however，in contrast(与此相反，比较起来)，on the contrary(正相反，反之)，

on the one hand(一方面)，on the other hand(另一方面，注意只能表示相反的对比，如利与弊)，

yet(但是，然而，还)，rather(宁可，相当，准确地说)，though(和although不能与but连用)，

补：nonetheless(尽管如此，但是)，albeit(虽然，尽管)，howbeit(尽管如此，虽然)

as，even though/if(即使，虽然)，despite，(in) despite of，in spite of(尽管，虽然，不顾)

notwithstanding(虽然，尽管，尽管如此)

尽管天气恶劣，活动还是取得了巨大的成功。The bad weather notwithstanding, the event was a great success.

（五）To show effect

therefore，consequently(因此，结果，所以)，accordingly(因此，相应地)，thus，as a result(因此，结果是)

therefore(因此，所以) ，hence(因此，今后)    hitherto到目前为止，迄今 = up to now

天气迄今一直晴朗。The weather has hitherto been sunny.

（六）To intensify

indeed(真正地，的确，甚至)，surely，by all means(一定，务必)，of course，in fact，certainly，without doubt，undoubtedly

（七）To signal a chronological or logical sequence 按时间顺序或逻辑顺序排列

in the first/second place，to begin/start with，subsequently(随后，其后，后来)，at first，at last，eventually

initially(最初，首先)，previously(以前，预先)，afterwards(后来，以后，然后)

（八）To summarize

to summarize，in sum，in brief，to sum up(总之)，in short，in summary，in conclusion，

in all(总共)，to conclude，finally，on the whole(总之，基本上，大体上)，

to put it briefly/simply(简单地说)，to put it mildly(说得婉转些)

一、国家、社会

爱国的patriotic 爱国运动patriotic movement、爱国人士patriotic personage、爱国情操patriotic sentiment

爱国主义，爱国心，爱国精神patriotism

爱国主义意识a sense of patriotism、爱国责任感sense of patriotic duty

爱国主义教育patriotism education    忠义精神spirit of loyalty and patriotism

爱国统一战线patriotic united front    拥挤，忠诚allegiance

这位士兵因为对皇帝的绝对忠诚而受到高度赞扬。

The soldier is highly commended for his full allegiance to the emperor.

荣誉感sense of honor、成就感a sense of achievement、社会稳定social stability、小康社会affluent society

食品安全food safety、老龄化社会aging society、人口老龄化population aging、aging of population

公众人物public figure、维护社会正义maintain social justice、促进司法公正promote the course of justice

资本主义capitalism、资本家capitalist、资本主义的，资本家的capitalistic、利用，积累资本capitalize

集体的，共有的collective、common（普通的）、corporate（全体的）

集体主义collectivism、集体主义者collectivist、集体化collectivization

集体的决定a collective decision、集体的责任collective responsibility

联合政府coalition government（coalition联合执政的多党、团体联合会）

联盟，联邦federation（两个或多个州组成的联邦国有）、联邦，共和国commonwealth

联盟，联盟团体alliance（两个或多个国家的联盟）、与……联盟in alliance with

打击恐怖主义crack down terrorism

被免除的，免除，豁免（人、机构）exempt

我国公民免服兵役。In our country citizens are exempt from military service.

国际紧张局势；种族间的紧张关系；政治上的紧张状况international/racial/political tensions

二、教育类、经济类、家庭类

（一）教育类

义务教育compulsory education、终身教育life-long education、应试教育exam/test-oriented education

素质教育quality education、all-round education、quality-oriented education

全面发展well-rounded development of a child、integrated development

均衡发展balanced development of a child

文化素质cultural quality、法制教育law education、知识产权intellectual property

教书育人impart knowledge and educate people、失学儿童dropout student、uneducated children

因材施教teach students according to their aptitude、填鸭式教学force-feeding method of teaching

理论知识academic/theoretical knowledge、实用技能practical skills、塑造性格shape/mould one's character

理论联系实际integrate theory with practice、理论脱离实际disconnect theory from practice

课外活动extra-curricular activities、探索精神the spirit of exploration、扫盲eliminate illiteracy

培养创新思维cultivate (nurture, foster) creative/original thinking

扼杀创造力stifle/constrain/extinguish creativity

挫伤学生对某事的兴趣sap/dampen student's interest in sth、开学典礼opening ceremony

重点中学key school、私立学校private school、公立学校public school

缺课miss a class、旷课cut a class、辍学drop out、退学quit school、助学金assistantship、奖学金scholarship

大学毕业生university/college graduates、硕士毕业生graduate with a master degree

出国留学study abroad、go abroad for further education

考研 pursue post-graduate study、take part in the entrance exams for postgraduates

     pursue a master’s degree、go to graduate school、receive postgraduate education

     take postgraduate admission tests

过大的学习压力excessive/undue academic pressure、学习负担the burden of study/learning

缓解学习压力ease/relieve academic pressure、增强学习压力intensify academic pressure

学习气氛academic atmosphere

（二）经济类

经济全球化economic globalization/integration、经济不景气recession/bleeding economy

经济/金融危机economic/financial crisis、经济/金融危机的影响the fallout of economic/financial crisis

经济复苏economic recovery、经济繁荣economic prosperity、萎缩/衰退/萧条decline/recession/depression

刺激经济发展spur/stimulate economic development、阻碍经济发展hinder/impede economic development

泡沫经济bubble economy、供不应求demand exceed supply、稳定物价stabilize prices

转亏为盈turn loss into gains、过度上涨excessive growth

不正当竞争unfair competition、激烈竞争fierce/intense/furious/cut-throat competition

假冒伪劣产品fake and inferior product、伪劣产品fake commodities、sham products

售后服务after-sale service、企业形象enterprise image、品牌效应brand effect

超前消费over-consuming、减少经费reduce the funding for...、刺激消费spur/stimulate consumption

可持续发展sustainable development、经济的可持续性增长sustainable economic growth

可持续的竞争优势sustainable competitive advantage

提高人们的生活水平lift/elevate people's standard of living

降低居民生活水平lower citizens' standard of living、消除贫困eliminate poverty

扩大贫富差距expand the gap between the wealthy and the needy

缩小贫富差距narrow /close/reduce the gap between the rich and poor

扩大内需increase/expand domestic demand、药价虚高unaffordable prices of medicines

争抢利益compete for benefits、消费者权益consumers' rights and interests

欺诈行为dishonest behaviors、fraudulent conduct、人均可支配收入per capita disposable income

鉴于当前的经济危机，降低税率似乎不妥。

In the context of the present economic crisis it seems unwise to lower taxes.

背景，环境，上下文，语境context、根据上下文in the context、脱离上下文out of the context

站在人生的十字路口stand at the crossroads of life

志愿者/志愿者活动/志愿服务volunteer/volunteering/volunteering service、志愿者精神volunteer spirit

求职者job seeker、求职look for jobs、hunt for jobs、job search、job hunting、seeking employment

创业start a business、be self-employed、be one’s own boss

失业lose one's job、be unemployed、be out of work

失业加剧job losses mount、unemployment climbs、失业人数unemployment

进入职场enter a workforce/workplace、就业市场job market、一份固定收入的工作get fixed income jobs

赚大钱make big money、严峻的就业形势a tough job market

不切实际的薪资期望unrealistic salary expectations、追求高薪工作pursue a high-paid job

没有或缺乏实践经验 without/lack of practical experience/hands-on experience

实践能力practical abilities、职业技能vocational skills、career skills

创造/提供就业机会generate/create/afford job opportunities/ employment opportunities

就业指导career guidance、occupational guidance、vocational counsel

（三）家庭类

小康之家a well-off family、核心家庭nuclear famaily、单亲家庭a single-parent family

抚养foster/raise/breed/nurture/bring up、相互理解mutual understanding

繁杂家务household chores、溺爱孩子spoil children、dote on children；纵容溺爱over-indulgence

独生子女only child、全面二孩政策the universal two-child policy

……将有效应对人口老龄化趋势。The aging trend would be actively addressed by …

代沟generation gap、扩大代沟widen/expand generation gap消除代沟narrow/bridge generation gap

舒适区comfort zone、沙文主义，大男子主义chauvinism、职业妇女career women

家庭暴力domestic/family violence、啃老族boomerang kids/the NEET group、NEETs

三、传统文化

（一）基础单词

文化和文明culture and civilization、精神文明spiritual civilization

文化融合the cultural blending/integration/fusion、文化交流cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange

跨文化交流cross-cultural communication

文化多元化cultural diversity、多元文化multiculturalism、multi-culture、文化特性cultural identity

文化宝藏cultural treasures、文化遗产cultural heritage/legacy、文物cultural relics、antique

文化设施cultural facilities、文化视角cultural insights

民族(传统)文化traditional Chinese culture/national culture、外国文化alien/foreign culture

中国文化的符号Chinese cultural symbols

博大精深的great and profound、原始原创的original、极具魅力的charming、壮丽辉煌的splendid

弘扬传统文化advocate/carry forward traditional culture、代代相传hand down from generation to generation

保存和珍惜传统preserve and cherish traditions、抛弃传统break with old customs

破坏传统undermine traditions、文化退化cultural devolution

大众文学public literature、通俗文学light literature、风土人情local customs and practices

少数民族minority、民族自豪national pride、谈话节目talk show、中国热Chinese craze

孔子学院Confucius Institute、麻将mahjong

京剧Peking/Beijing opera、唐装Tang Suit、民间艺术folk art、剪纸paper-cut

（二）百善孝为先

尊老爱幼 respect the old and care for the young

         show respect for elders and take good care of children

奉行孝道practice filial piety、fulfill filial duty、孝道filial piety

老人the elderly、the old、the aged、the senior、aged parents、the old and infirm parents

后代，后辈offspring、继承人heir、祖先ancestor

赡养老人support/take care of/sustain the elderly

关心父母show solicitude for parents、be concerned with parents

虐待父母mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents

四、道德与法律

公德public morality、有公德心的be public-spirited、遵守公德comply with public morality

维护公共道德safeguard public morals    损害公共道德injure public morality

奉献devotion、dedication、无私奉献selfless devotion、selfless contribution、selfless dedication

传统美德traditional virtues、道德准则code of ethics、moral code/rules

道德责任moral obligation、moral responsibility、行为规范behavioral norm/standard、code of conduct

按道德行事follow the morals、责任感sense of responsibility

承担责任shoulder/assume/undertake one’s duties/responsibility

逃避责任avoid/shirk/shun one’s duties/responsibility

严守法律的字面意义，严守法律条文stick to the letter of the law = stick to the legal provision

遵守法律comply with the law、observation of the law

请愿书，诉状，祈求petition    改进社会风气improve public morals

公德堕落the corruption of public morality、道德缺失the lack of moral sense、信任危机the crisis of trust

无视公共规章disregard the public rules、违反公共规章break/violate public regulations

五、传统节日

除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve    春节：the Spring Festival or Chinese New Year

元宵节：the Lantern Festival  　　清明节：the Tomb Sweeping Day  　　

端午节：the Dragon Boat Festival = The Duanwu Festival， 龙舟赛dragon boat racing　

七夕节：Chinese Valentine’s Day or Magpie Festival  　　中秋节：Mid-Autumn Festival  　　

重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival  　腊八节：the Laba Rice Porridge Festival

六、环境

（一）环境保护environmental protection/conservation、环境意识environmental awareness

生态环保的environment-friendly、eco-environment protection、ecological environment protection

保护生存环境conserve natural habitats、动物权益保护者animal rights activist

自然保护区natural reserve、自然资源natural resources、公共卫生public health、public hygiene

节能环保energy conservation and environmental protection

清洁燃料clean/green fuel、替代能源alternative energy

环保产品environment-friendly(eco-friendly) products、green products

生物多样性biodiversity、biological diversity、可生物降解的biodegradable

防风林wind breaks、防沙林sand breaks、开发可再生资源develop renewable resources

低碳经济low-carbon economy、低碳生活方式low-carbon lifestyle

气候变化climate change、温室效应greenhouse effect、全球变暖的威胁threat of global warming

环境恶化environmental deterioration、水资源短缺water shortage

生物灭绝extinction、die out、毁林，森林消失deforestation、山体滑坡landslide

生活垃圾household garbage、垃圾分类waste sorting、garbage classification

公共交通public transport、绿色出行green commuting

生态示范区eco-demonstration region、国家级园林城市Nationally Designated Garden City

创造怡人的生活环境create pleasant living environment

（二）环境污染environmental pollution

随地吐痰spit everywhere、大声喧哗make noise、talk loudly、乱扔垃圾littering

空气污染air pollution、空气质量恶化degradation/deterioration of air quality

排放有毒气体discharge/emit poisonous/toxic gas

汽车尾气污染motor vehicle pollution、减少汽车尾气的排放reduce exhaust emission from cars/automobiles

大排量汽车high-emission cars、小排量汽车low-emission cars

水土流失water and soil erosion、污水处理sewage treatment

烟尘排放soot/dust emissions、有毒废物toxic waste、工业废物industrial waste

有害垃圾hazardous waste、污水处理sewage disposal、海水淡化sea water desalinization

酸雨acid rain、干旱drought、沙尘暴sandstorm

潜在危险，隐患，危害，冒失地提出，冒……的风险hazard

低灾害发生区lower-hazard parts of the landscape

日益严重的污染对当地居民的健康构成了重大威胁。

Growing levels of pollution represent a serious health hazard to the local population.

七、疫情防控 + 健康类

疫情epidemic（传染病infectious disease/illness，传染性的）、epidemic situation

（战争的）爆发，（疾病的）发作outbreak

慢性病chronic disease/illness、大流行病pandemic、散发病例sporadic cases

重大疫情major epidemic diseases、疫情重灾区epicenter of the outbreak

重大动物疫病major infectious animal diseases、动物源性病毒zoonotic virus、冠状病毒coronavirus

中间宿主intermediate host

对……构成重大威胁present a major threat to…

呼吸道感染respiratory infections

流行、普遍、广泛、患病率(prevalence rate = morbidity)、盛行率prevalence

流行性感冒influenza = flu、流感病毒 influenza virus、大流行性流感pandemic influenza

打疫苗vaccinate、致病机理pathogenesis、检疫、隔离、隔离区quarantine、检疫措施quarantine measures

被检疫隔离了六个月be kept in quarantine for six months

卫生检疫问题a hygienic inspection issue

轻症患者patients with mild symptoms

重症患者patients in severe or critical condition

无症状感染者asymptomatic cases/infections、asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19

新冠病毒检测为阳性/阴性to test positive/negative for the coronavirus

住院to be hospitalized、be admitted to hospital、转院to transfer to another hospital

出院to be discharged from hospital、医药箱medicine chest

（倾吐心里的烦恼，吐出心事，一吐为快get something off your chest）

不麻痹、不厌战、不松劲to remain vigilant and never slacken our efforts

实行封闭式管控to exercise management by sealing off entities

网格化管理digital management for a matrix of urban communities

统筹推进疫情防控和脱贫攻坚to coordinate epidemic control with poverty alleviation

武汉“解封”to lift the lockdown in Wuhan

临床前研究preclinical research、疫苗临床试验和上市使用clinical trial and application of vaccines

有效性和安全性研究safety and efficacy studies

机场处置专区processing area for inbound passengers at the airport

出入境防疫epidemic prevention at borders

打好新冠肺炎疫情防控全球阻击战to fight an all-out global war against COVID-19

打造人类卫生健康共同体to build a global community of health

减免关税、取消壁垒、畅通贸易to cut tariffs, remove barriers, and facilitate the flow of trade

健康丝绸之路Silk Road of Health、尽力阻止疫情跨境传播to minimize cross-border spread

有序安全的国际人员流动orderly and safe flow of people between countries

暂缓或减少留学人员等双向流动to postpone or reduce the two-way flow of overseas students

推广全面系统有效的防控指南

to promote control and treatment protocols that are comprehensive, systematic and effective

务工人员安全返岗migrant workers return to their posts in security

线上职业技能培训online vocational training

预约进站to make reservations at subway stations、云选会cloud job fair

候餐区waiting area、取餐区serving area、结账区cashier desk

分餐制serving of individual dishes

外卖服务takeout services、公筷公勺serving chopsticks and spoons

停止接待群体性聚餐group meals are not allowed

推广分时段就餐to allow consumers to dine at staggered times

一客一用一消毒disinfection after each serving、实时发布real-time updates

战胜疫情的中坚力量core forces in victory over the epidemic

复发症relapse、昏迷stupor、近视nearsightedness、myopia、short-sightedness

治疗方法therapy、心态state of mind、疗程 treatment、course of the treatment

有益健康的，有道德的wholesome、令人疲劳的，令人厌倦的tiresome

生理健康physical health/fitness/well-being、心理健康mental/psychological health/fitness/well-being

精神病患者mental fitness、精神病mental illness

增进生理(心理)健康improve/enhance physical(psychological) health

损害生理(心理)健康hurt/damage physical(psychological) health

健康问题health concern、health problem/issue、healthcare（医疗保健）

健康状况state of health、physical condition、health condition

亚健康sub-health、亚健康的subhealthy、营养不良malnutrition、打冷颤chill

体育锻炼physical exercises、均衡饮食well-balanced diet、牺牲健康sacrifice health

垃圾食品junk food、食品添加剂food additives、节食，减肥go on a diet、be on a diet、lose weight

心律不齐arrhythmia、消化不良indigestion、水土不服non-acclimatization

八、团队合作

团队精神team spirit    团队合作teamwork、collaboration、work together as a team

增强相互合作strengthen mutual cooperation

形成团队精神cultivate the atmosphere of teamwork

强调团队合作的重要性stress the importance of good teamwork

九、品质类

（一）诚信honesty、integrity

信誉良好reputable、sound reputation、in good standing、with a good reputation

真诚地，善意地in good faith     诚信行事act with integrity    缺乏诚信dearth of integrity

（二）天赋与能力

恒心/毅力/坚持/耐性persistence、perseverance、willpower（意志力）

意志坚强的strong-willed   强大的意志力strong willpower

积极面对挫折take a positive attitude towards setbacks     永不言弃的精神never-say-die spirit

坚持insist on doing sth.、stick to（严守）、persist in doing sth.、adhere to、persever in doing sth.

耐心patience    善行，善意benevolence、goodwill、kindness

谦虚，稳重modesty    谦逊的，简陋的，低下的humble

捐赠，捐助，捐款，天赋endowment

自立，自力更生  self-dependence、self-reliance、independence、

earn one’s own living、stand on one’s own feet

谨慎prudence、cautious    决心determination、resolution

全心全意with heart and soul     努力endeavor、make great efforts、attempt、strive

有进取心的aggressive（侵略性的、好斗的）    胸怀抱负entertain great ambitions

奋斗精神striving spirit    创新innovation、creativity、critical thinking

自信self-confidence、缺乏自信lack of confidence

勤奋diligence、painstaking efforts    友好的amicable、friendly、neighborly

逆境和苦难adversity and hardship    面对逆境in the face of adversity

要更上一层楼，唯一的途径就是艰苦奋斗，不屈不挠。

The only way to improve is through hard work and dogged perseverance.

胜利是属于坚持不懈的人。Victory belongs to the most persevering.

经历坎坷和磨难undergo frustration and ordeals

竭尽全力exert every effort、try one’s best/utmost、exert all one’s energies

工匠精神spirit of the craftsman、craftsman’s spirit、craftsmanship spirit

十、提分短语

被认为是…… be seen/regarded/considered as…

因为……受到高度赞扬be highly praised for…    受到尊重be treated with respect

发扬光大carry forward = promote         对……采取强硬立场take a tough line on

受人推崇It is wise and advisable to         做……是不可避免的It is imperative to do sth

采取措施做某事take step to              采取切实可行的措施take feasible steps to…

立即采取行动take immediate action to…    采取合理的措施take reasonable measures to…

对……有更深入的讨论to have a better discussion on sth.

这本书的吸引力还在于其刻画主人公时所传达出的内在力量与坚忍不拔。

the book’s appeal also lies in the inner strength and perseverance it conveys via characterizing the protagonist.

它平实却引人共鸣的语言不仅能增加我们的词汇量，还能提高我们的写作能力。

its plain but evocative language plays dual roles, enlarging our vocabulary and improving our writing skills.

发挥双重作用plays dual roles

应该做什么来继续和加强这种有利的现象?   

What should be done to continue and strengthen this favorable phenomenon?

应该做些什么来制止和扭转这种令人不安的现象?

What should be done to arrest and reverse this disturbing phenomenon?

我们应该对这种现象采取什么样的正确态度? 

What is the right attitude we should take toward the phenomenon?

我们有理由永远把它继承并发扬光大。

So we have sufficient reason to carry forward and further develop it in perpetuity.

打破怪圈，克服困难beat the odds【例句】要么泯然众人，要么打破怪圈。

either be part of the majority or be one of the people who beat the odds.

使你受困的原因有许多。自满、安逸、懒惰、冷漠、迷惘以及恐惧，诸如此类。许多因素都会导致这一结果。

There are a lot of ingredients that go into becoming stuck. Complacency, comfort, laziness, disinterest, confusion, and fear, just to name a few. That's a lot of paths to a single destination.

在相当不稳定的股票和债券市场上，你再怎么小心也不为过。

You can’t be too careful in the highly volatile stock and bond markets.

这种局面对任何行业来说都是难堪的，特别对于日趋衰退的行业。

（explosive，adj.会引起愤怒（或争议）的，爆炸性的）

This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one.

十一、分类

（一）人：表示“人”时通常采用后缀方法：-er；-or；-ian；-ist；-man等

演讲家speaker	物理学家physicist	数学家mathematician
探险家explorer	科学家scientist	语言学家linguistician
作家writer	考古学家archaeologist	逻辑学家logician
哲学家philosopher	植物学家botanist	内科医生physician
人口学家demographer	化学家chemist	外科医生surgeon
天文学家astronomer	剧作家dramatist	政治家politician
舞蹈家dancer、terpsichorean	生物学家biologist	音乐家musician
地理学家geographer	地质学家geologist	历史学家historian
工程师engineer	档案保管员archivist
油画家oil painter	资本家capitalist	会计师accountant
占星家astrology	漫画家cartoonist/caricaturist	商人，批发商merchant
思想家thinker	牙科医生dentist	企业家entrepreneur/businessman
	生态学家ecologist	建筑师architect
精神病学家psychiatrist	教育学家educationist	教育家educator
精神分析学家psychoanalyst	药理学家pharmacologist	运动员sportsman
心理学家psychologist	动物学家zoologist	政治家，国务活动家statesman
	肿瘤学家oncologist	翻译家translator
	主角，倡导者protagonist
		门外汉，外行layman
	接受者,领奖者,接收器recipient	新手，初学者novice
		外行，旁观者，局外人outsider

（二）季节与月

一月 January	九月 September	星期一 Monday
二月 February	十月 October	星期二 Tuesday
三月 Marcy	十一月 November	星期三 Wednesday
四月 April	十二月 December	星期四 Thursday
五月 May	春季 spring	星期五 Friday
六月 June	夏季 summer	星期六 Saturday
七月 July	秋季 autumn/fall	星期日 Sunday
八月 August	冬季 winter

（三）食物类

谷粒，谷物grain、作物，庄稼crop、面粉flour、小麦wheat、稻谷paddy

（四）身体类

心heart、肝liver、脾spleen、胃stomach、肾kidney、肺lung、肚子belly

胸部chest、颅骨，脑壳skull、骨骼skeleton

十二、其他

扣人心弦的剧情thrilling plot、契约精神spirit of contact

晚年one's later years、one's remaining years、old age、空洞承诺empty promise、虚假承诺false promise

学术腐败academic corruption、剽窃抄袭plagiarism

贿赂bribery、行贿offer a bribe、受贿take / accept a bribe、贪污贿赂bribery and corruption

被指控贿赂be charged with / be accused of bribery、涉嫌贿赂犯罪be suspected of / on suspicion of bribery

贪赃舞弊，道德败坏的，使腐化堕落corrupt、贪污/腐败行为corrupt practices

腐蚀孩子们的思想 corrupt minds of children

被金钱和权力的欲望所腐蚀be corrupted by the desire for money and power

不良行为misdeed/misconduct、禁毒drug prohibition

不断变化的社会和政治形势changing social and political circumstances

面临极端情况face extreme circumstances、面对复杂的形势face complex circumstances

在特定情况下under certain circumstances

无论在什么情况下in/under any circumstances、绝不/无论如何都不under no circumstances

生活的方方面面every facet of life、局限于……be confined/limited/restricted to

有……倾向，有义务的，应负责的be liable to

劳动者有义务交纳所得税。Wage earners are liable to income tax.

对工作热心show zeal for one’s work、坦白地说frankly speaking

显示，表明，说明

show、reveal、exhibit、describe、illustrate、demonstrate、indicate、provide、display、manifest

数据，数量data、number、amount、statistics、figure

上升，增长increase、go up、rise、climb、accumulate、surge

下降，减少decrease、go down、fall、drop、nosedive、plunge、plummet、reduce

持平，稳定stable、steady、reach a plateau、be in a state of instability

波动fluctuate、unstable、be in a state of fluctuation、be in a state of instability

百分比percentage、proportion、趋势trend、tendency、situation

多于above、over、more than、少于below、less than

只有only、nothing but、merely、大约about、roughly、approximately、estimated、a matter of

附带地，顺便提及；偶然incidentally

消除，排除eliminate、消除，淘汰elimination

根除就业歧视eliminate discrimination in employment

消除偏见和误解eliminate prejudice and misunderstanding

移除，删除remove、摆脱，除去get rid of、废除abolish、拿走take away

（在数量或程度上）巨大的，可观的substantial、实质上，大体上substantially、实质性的substantive

大量的，巨大的massive、重大的significant、相当大的considerable

巨大的差异substantial difference、非常多的人substantial numbers of people

勤俭节约thrift、朴素的，节省的frugal

经济的，划算的，节约的economical、节约，有效地利用economize

be frugal of，be thrifty with;

从意思上讲，frugal偏重于省吃俭用，常指有钱依然节俭，thrifty偏重于精打细算。

节约劳动力的labour-saving、建设节约型社会build an economical society

反对/抵制铺张浪费oppose/resist waste and extravagance

手机是导致家庭紧张的一大原因。phones became a source of tension in the family.

通过促进教育资源共享，互联网可以为不同背景的学生创造公平的竞争环境。

Through promoting the sharing of educational resources, the Internet can level the playing field for students from different backgrounds.