Docker常用基础命令

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community            ## 客户端版本
 Version:           20.10.14
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.16.15               ## docker使用go语言开发
 Git commit:        a224086
 Built:             Thu Mar 24 01:49:57 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64            ## 系统架构
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community          ## 服务端版本
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.15
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.15
  Git commit:       99e3ed8919
  Built:            Sat Jan 30 03:16:33 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:                          ## containerd版本
  Version:          1.5.11
  GitCommit:        3df54a852345ae127d1fa3092b95168e4a88e2f8
 runc:                               ## docker引擎
  Version:          1.0.3
  GitCommit:        v1.0.3-0-gf46b6ba
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683

2、docker info 查看docker的一些信息

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker info 
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false           ## 可以查看docker有没有开启debug
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.8.1-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0)

Server:
 Containers: 11     # 这台宿主机运行了多少个容器
  Running: 4        # 运行中的容器
  Paused: 0  
  Stopped: 7        # 停止的容器
 Images: 8          # 镜像的数量
 Server Version: 19.03.15
 Storage Driver: overlay2       # 存储的驱动 aufs、overlay、brtfs
  Backing Filesystem: xfs       # 
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file 
      
 ## 日志的存储类型，json-file日志会存在本地
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cd /var/lib/docker
[root@k8s-master01 docker]# ls
builder  buildkit  containers  image  network  overlay2  plugins  runtimes  swarm  tmp  trust  volumes
[root@k8s-master01 docker]# cd containers/
[root@k8s-master01 containers]# ls
087b8d2d0bd512e319fbb13f1b7f508e8a5c57260260bbab0ce1cf0ecb8959d1  658a74e5b2ed0f8beac6d5854a94ab3a8cef9fa5df7eecded31a4f47e403d834
0aa9faa8f0ff0aed93cf44989b9bcdb93fdec6b21103d96e5d31e3db405f96d8  b035503ff239804c1ee1ccaf751dd56838017ac8502d5a888ef136a6bad3b8c0
0fd052f2faf065ee8871e52e3015292f4ffcce8b26655cd181a6c2d6dd7ba3e4  b4b98e10a629dff5ad2dc17a2f9128319b39b7e04537170c074d5446c574c76e
1196086f0f7e612dcf5f257a21e92872c63ce9a1c90fdf3fe886c93e123997fe  d203af1bf681f58f80609804dea3eba743be390fb4b291373a633af559677d5a
582362b59be13204de82e3030ed654ed14c53b050b21424941ec62d7a13064f8  db76c3b54116bba9fff76a1730fe6ba63c85d05631b70f65a3d14dcebcd9a942
5acceb3a8f22942058d18643f0f5b16da2c8aada58439e009150bb4504cf70c0
[root@k8s-master01 containers]# cd 087b8d2d0bd512e319fbb13f1b7f508e8a5c57260260bbab0ce1cf0ecb8959d1/
[root@k8s-master01 087b8d2d0bd512e319fbb13f1b7f508e8a5c57260260bbab0ce1cf0ecb8959d1]# ls
087b8d2d0bd512e319fbb13f1b7f508e8a5c57260260bbab0ce1cf0ecb8959d1-json.log  checkpoints  config.v2.json  hostconfig.json  mounts
[root@k8s-master01 087b8d2d0bd512e319fbb13f1b7f508e8a5c57260260bbab0ce1cf0ecb8959d1]# tail -f 087b8d2d0bd512e319fbb13f1b7f508e8a5c57260260bbab0ce1cf0ecb8959d1-json.log
  ## docker容器进行重启之后，日志就会被清空。以最干净的方式运行
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
  #  Logging Driver可以更改成以上项。
 Swarm: inactive     # inactive没有启动，active启动
 Runtimes: runc      # 用来运行容器的一个标准，docker给予runc来创建的。
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 3df54a852345ae127d1fa3092b95168e4a88e2f8
 runc version: v1.0.3-0-gf46b6ba
 init version: fec3683
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 2
 Total Memory: 1.781GiB
 Name: k8s-master01
 ID: A7ZM:BAK2:OBV7:O62Z:USHJ:LQGH:FFPC:IZ4M:WIHF:572R:5UT6:OIRX
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 ## 此路径可以修改，生产环境的最好挂一块ssd盘，单独存储。最次也要使用单独的磁盘进行挂载，不可以和宿主机公用，会把根分区、系统分区干满
 
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/   ## 镜像仓库地址，如果自己有镜像仓库，可以更改
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

3、docker search 镜像搜索

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker search centos      ## OFFICIAL为ok是指官方的镜像
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
centos                            The official build of CentOS.                   7111      [OK]       
centos/systemd                    systemd enabled base container.                 108                  [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   93                   
centos/postgresql-96-centos7      PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational …   45                   
centos/httpd-24-centos7           Platform for running Apache httpd 2.4 or bui…   44                   
centos/python-35-centos7          Platform for building and running Python 3.5…   39                   
centos/php-56-centos7             Platform for building and running PHP 5.6 ap…   34                   
centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   22                   
centos/postgresql-10-centos7      PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational …   19                   
kasmweb/centos-7-desktop          CentOS 7 desktop for Kasm Workspaces            18                   
centos/nginx-112-centos7          Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building …   16                   
centos/nginx-18-centos7           Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n…   13                   
centos/mariadb-101-centos7        MariaDB 10.1 SQL database server                13                   
centos/mongodb-36-centos7         MongoDB NoSQL database server                   8                    
centos/redis-32-centos7           Redis in-memory data structure store, used a…   6                    
centos/mariadb-102-centos7        MariaDB 10.2 SQL database server                6                    
centos/mongodb-34-centos7         MongoDB NoSQL database server                   3                    
centos/ruby-25-centos7            Platform for building and running Ruby 2.5 a…   3                    
continuumio/centos5_gcc5_base                                                     3                    
kasmweb/core-centos-7             CentOS 7 base image for Kasm Workspaces         2                    
ibmcom/fhe-toolkit-centos-amd64   The IBM Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) T…   0                    
ibmcom/fhe-toolkit-centos         The IBM Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) T…   0                    
bitnami/centos-extras-base                                                        0                    
bitnami/centos-base-buildpack     Centos base compilation image                   0                    [OK]
datadog/centos-i386                                                               0

4、docker pull 拉取镜像到本地

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker pull alpine:latest
latest: Pulling from library/alpine
df9b9388f04a: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:4edbd2beb5f78b1014028f4fbb99f3237d9561100b6881aabbf5acce2c4f9454
Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:latest
docker.io/library/alpine:latest


# 如果本地有此镜像，就不会重复拉取

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                                TAG             IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
alpine                                                    latest          0ac33e5f5afa   2 weeks ago     5.57MB

5、docker push 推送本地的镜像到镜像仓库

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                       TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
dotbalo/coredns                                  1.3.1     eb516548c180   3 years ago    40.3MB
k8s.gcr.io/coredns                               1.3.1     eb516548c180   3 years ago    40.3MB
#推送前需要登录到docker的镜像仓库，也可以docker login xxx.com 登录指定的镜像仓库，例如阿里等。
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker login
Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: dotbalo
Password: 

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker push dotbalo/coredns:1.3.1
The push refers to repository [docker.io/dotbalo/coredns]
c6a5fc8a3f01: Preparing 
fb61a074724d: Preparing

6、docker tag 修改镜像标签

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                       TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
k8s.gcr.io/coredns                               1.3.1     eb516548c180   3 years ago    40.3MB
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker tag k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.3.1 dotbalo/coredns:1.3.1
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                       TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
dotbalo/coredns                                  1.3.1     eb516548c180   3 years ago    40.3MB
k8s.gcr.io/coredns                               1.3.1     eb516548c180   3 years ago    40.3MB

7、docker run 启动镜像

docker run -i -t <IMAGE_ID> /bin/bash：-i：标准输入给容器   
-t：分配一个虚拟终端    /bin/bash：执行bash脚本
-i：交互式运行
-d：以守护进程方式运行（后台）
-P：默认匹配docker容器的5000端口号到宿主机的49153 to 65535端口
-p <HOT_PORT>:<CONTAINER_PORT>：指定端口号
- -name： 指定容器的名称
- -rm：退出时删除容器

示例：前台启动

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
alpine       latest    0ac33e5f5afa   3 weeks ago    5.57MB
centos       8         5d0da3dc9764   7 months ago   231MB
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker run -it centos:8 /bin/bash
[root@c9293d01a5b5 /]#

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
alpine       latest    0ac33e5f5afa   3 weeks ago    5.57MB
centos       8         5d0da3dc9764   7 months ago   231MB
nginx        1.14.2    295c7be07902   3 years ago    109MB
####  前台启动nginx，并将容器的12345端口映射到宿主机的80端口上。
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker run -ti -p 12345:80 nginx:1.14.2
111.197.249.16 - - [29/Apr/2022:03:35:01 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/100.0.4896.127 Safari/537.
36" "-"2022/04/29 03:35:01 [error] 6#6: *1 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/favicon.ico" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 111.197.249.16, server: localhost, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTT
P/1.1", host: "120.48.23.240:12345", referrer: "http://120.48.23.240:12345/"111.197.249.16 - - [29/Apr/2022:03:35:01 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 571 "http://120.48.23.240:12345/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gec
ko) Chrome/100.0.4896.127 Safari/537.36" "-"
## 页面访问：120.48.23.240:12345

示例：后台启动

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
alpine       latest    0ac33e5f5afa   3 weeks ago    5.57MB
centos       8         5d0da3dc9764   7 months ago   231MB

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker run -d centos:8 /bin/bash
4b103bbe802702f6f6a948a844229d129a37b3a1e804c799ca67018593715520
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND       CREATED              STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
4b103bbe8027   centos:8       "/bin/bash"   6 seconds ago        Exited (0) 5 seconds ago              lucid_moore

8、docker logs 查看容器日志

格式：

docker logs <CONTAINER_ID>  : 输出容器日志
-f：实时输出

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE      COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
9a813ef53b4e   centos:8   "/bin/bash"   4 seconds ago   Up 4 seconds             admiring_tharp

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker logs -f 9a813ef53b4e

9、docker ps 查看正在运行的容器

docker ps：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE      COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
9a813ef53b4e   centos:8   "/bin/bash"   8 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes             admiring_thar

docker ps -l 显示最后启动的容器：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE      COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
9a813ef53b4e   centos:8   "/bin/bash"   8 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes             admiring_tharp

docker ps -a 同时显示停止的容器，默认只显示启动状态：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
9a813ef53b4e   centos:8       "/bin/bash"   9 minutes ago    Up 9 minutes                          admiring_tharp
4b103bbe8027   centos:8       "/bin/bash"   20 minutes ago   Exited (0) 20 minutes ago             lucid_moore
291fd0d9413f   nginx:1.14.2   "sh"          22 minutes ago   Exited (0) 20 minutes ago             vigorous_kirch
c9293d01a5b5   centos:8       "/bin/bash"   24 minutes ago   Exited (0) 24 minutes ago             eager_ellis

docker ps -q 查看正在运行容器的ID：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps -q
9a813ef53b4e

docker ps -aq 查看所有容器的ID，包括停止和正在运行的：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps -aq
9a813ef53b4e
4b103bbe8027
291fd0d9413f
c9293d01a5b5

10、docker exec 进入到正在运行的容器、

格式：

docker exec -it <CONTAINER_ID> bash 连接到启动的容器

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE      COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
9a813ef53b4e   centos:8   "/bin/bash"   30 minutes ago   Up 30 minutes             admiring_tharp
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker exec -ti 9a813ef53b4e sh
sh-4.4#

11、docker cp 拷贝

11.1 把宿主机文件拷贝到容器中

格式：

docker cp hostpath <CONTAINER_ID>:path

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                   NAMES
cae36790ca57   nginx:1.14.2   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   5 minutes ago    Up 5 minutes    0.0.0.0:12345->80/tcp   dreamy_bhaskara
9a813ef53b4e   centos:8       "/bin/bash"              46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes                           admiring_tharp
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# echo "lllxxx" >inde.html
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker exec -ti cae36790ca57 bash
root@cae36790ca57:/# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/
root@cae36790ca57:/usr/share/nginx/html# ls
50x.html  index.html
root@cae36790ca57:/usr/share/nginx/html# exit
exit
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker cp inde.html cae36790ca57:/usr/share/nginx/html/
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker exec -ti cae36790ca57 bash
root@cae36790ca57:/# ls /usr/share/nginx/html/
50x.html  inde.html  index.html
root@cae36790ca57:/#

11.2 把容器中的文件拷贝到宿主机

格式：

docker cp <CONTAINER_ID>:path hostpath

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                   NAMES
cae36790ca57   nginx:1.14.2   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   5 minutes ago    Up 5 minutes    0.0.0.0:12345->80/tcp   dreamy_bhaskara
9a813ef53b4e   centos:8       "/bin/bash"              46 minutes ago   Up 46 minutes                           admiring_tharp

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker cp cae36790ca57:/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html .
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# ls
inde.html  index.html

12、docker rmi 删除本地镜像

格式：

docker rmi IMAGE ID

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
alpine       latest    0ac33e5f5afa   3 weeks ago    5.57MB
centos       8         5d0da3dc9764   7 months ago   231MB
nginx        1.14.2    295c7be07902   3 years ago    109MB
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker rmi 0ac33e5f5afa
Untagged: alpine:latest
Untagged: alpine@sha256:4edbd2beb5f78b1014028f4fbb99f3237d9561100b6881aabbf5acce2c4f9454
Deleted: sha256:0ac33e5f5afa79e084075e8698a22d574816eea8d7b7d480586835657c3e1c8b
Deleted: sha256:4fc242d58285699eca05db3cc7c7122a2b8e014d9481f323bd9277baacfa0628
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
centos       8         5d0da3dc9764   7 months ago   231MB
nginx        1.14.2    295c7be07902   3 years ago    109MB

删除所有镜像：

docker rmi `docker images -q -a`

13、docker rm 删除容器

格式：

docker rm CONTAINER ID

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS                   NAMES
cae36790ca57   nginx:1.14.2   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   22 minutes ago      Up 22 minutes                  0.0.0.0:12345->80/tcp   dreamy_bhaskara
9a813ef53b4e   centos:8       "/bin/bash"              About an hour ago   Up About an hour                                       admiring_tharp
c9293d01a5b5   centos:8       "/bin/bash"              About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                           eager_ellis
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker rm c9293d01a5b5
c9293d01a5b5
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps -a | grep c9293d01a5b5
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]#

删除所有容器：

docker rm `docker ps -a -q`：删除所有容器

14、docker stop 停止容器

格式：

docker stop <CONTAINER_ID>

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS             PORTS                   NAMES
cae36790ca57   nginx:1.14.2   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   32 minutes ago      Up 32 minutes      0.0.0.0:12345->80/tcp   dreamy_bhaskara
9a813ef53b4e   centos:8       "/bin/bash"              About an hour ago   Up About an hour                           admiring_tharp
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker stop cae36790ca57
cae36790ca57
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS     NAMES
cae36790ca57   nginx:1.14.2   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   32 minutes ago      Exited (0) 2 seconds ago                 dreamy_bhaskara

15、docker start 重新启动容器

格式：

docker start   <CONTAINER_ID>

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS     NAMES
cae36790ca57   nginx:1.14.2   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   32 minutes ago      Exited (0) 2 seconds ago                 dreamy_bhaskara
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker start cae36790ca57
cae36790ca57
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS             PORTS                   NAMES
cae36790ca57   nginx:1.14.2   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   34 minutes ago      Up 2 seconds       0.0.0.0:12345->80/tcp   dreamy_bhaskara

16、docker history 查看镜像更改记录

格式：

docker history REPOSITORY:TAG

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
centos       8         5d0da3dc9764   7 months ago   231MB
nginx        1.14.2    295c7be07902   3 years ago    109MB
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker history nginx:1.14.2
IMAGE          CREATED       CREATED BY                                      SIZE      COMMENT
295c7be07902   3 years ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["nginx" "-g" "daemon…   0B        
<missing>      3 years ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  STOPSIGNAL SIGTERM           0B        
<missing>      3 years ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  EXPOSE 80                    0B        
<missing>      3 years ago   /bin/sh -c ln -sf /dev/stdout /var/log/nginx…   22B       
<missing>      3 years ago   /bin/sh -c set -x  && apt-get update  && apt…   53.8MB    
<missing>      3 years ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV NJS_VERSION=1.14.2.0.…   0B        
<missing>      3 years ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV NGINX_VERSION=1.14.2-…   0B        
<missing>      3 years ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL maintainer=NGINX Do…   0B        
<missing>      3 years ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["bash"]                 0B        
<missing>      3 years ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:4fc310c0cb879c876…   55.3MB

17、docker commit 从容器创建一个新的镜像

格式：

docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
OPTIONS说明：
-a :提交的镜像作者；
-c :使用Dockerfile指令来创建镜像；
-m :提交时的说明文字；
-p :在commit时，将容器暂停。

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS             PORTS                   NAMES
cae36790ca57   nginx:1.14.2   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   44 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes      0.0.0.0:12345->80/tcp   dreamy_bhaskara
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker commit -a "lixin" -m "new" cae36790ca57  nginx:lixin
sha256:08be2a66df25e18ea934e1b915b1d1c932e68c5f045f21d1ad0640c13fe1dff1
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
nginx        lixin     08be2a66df25   6 seconds ago   109MB
centos       8         5d0da3dc9764   7 months ago    231MB
nginx        1.14.2    295c7be07902   3 years ago     109MB

18、docker images 列出镜像

格式：

docker image

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
nginx        lixin     08be2a66df25   6 seconds ago   109MB
centos       8         5d0da3dc9764   7 months ago    231MB
nginx        1.14.2    295c7be07902   3 years ago     109MB

19、docker save 保存镜像

格式：

docker save

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos7.6                       init                da765b31bbfb        9 days ago          202MB
120.48.23.240/c-lixin/ubuntu    v22.04              df5de72bdb3b        6 weeks ago         77.8MB

 保存到当前位置：
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker save -o ubuntu.tar 120.48.23.240/c-lixin/ubuntu:v22.04
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# ls
docker_file  shell  ubuntu.tar
 
保存到指定位置：
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker save  > /opt/ubuntu.tar 120.48.23.240/c-lixin/ubuntu:v22.04
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# ls /opt/
avalokita  bcm-agent  bsm-agent  containerd  hosteye  rh  ubuntu.tar

20、docker load上传保存后的镜像

格式：

docker load [OPTIONS]
--input , -i : 指定导入的文件，代替 STDIN。
--quiet , -q : 精简输出信息。

示例：

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# ls
docker_file  shell  ubuntu.tar

[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker load --input ubuntu.tar 
629d9dbab5ed: Loading layer [==================================================>]  80.35MB/80.35MB
Loaded image: 120.48.23.240/c-lixin/ubuntu:v22.04
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos7.6                       init                da765b31bbfb        9 days ago          202MB
120.48.23.240/c-lixin/ubuntu    v22.04              df5de72bdb3b        6 weeks ago         77.8MB
 
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker load < ubuntu.tar 
629d9dbab5ed: Loading layer [==================================================>]  80.35MB/80.35MB
Loaded image: 120.48.23.240/c-lixin/ubuntu:v22.04
[root@ls_rflrhksm ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos7.6                       init                da765b31bbfb        9 days ago          202MB
120.48.23.240/c-lixin/ubuntu    v22.04              df5de72bdb3b        6 weeks ago         77.8MB

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