// Java - Object-oriented programming language

/*
Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language 
developed by Sun Microsystems (now owned by Oracle). First released in 1995,
Java is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. 
It is a general-purpose programming language intended to let application 
developers "write once, run anywhere" (WORA).

Key Features:
- Platform independent (JVM)
- Object-oriented
- Strong memory management
- Multithreading support
- Rich API library
- Automatic garbage collection
*/

// Class definition
public class JavaDemo {
    // Instance variables
    private String name;
    private int version;
    
    // Constructor
    public JavaDemo(String name, int version) {
        this.name = name;
        this.version = version;
    }
    
    // Method
    public void displayInfo() {
        System.out.println("Language: " + name);
        System.out.println("Version: " + version);
    }
    
    // Static method
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Variables and data types
        String language = "Java";
        int year = 1995;
        boolean isOOP = true;
        double version = 17.0;
        
        System.out.println("Welcome to " + language + "!");
        
        // Control structures
        if (isOOP) {
            System.out.println(language + " is object-oriented");
        }
        
        // Arrays
        String[] features = {"Platform Independent", "OOP", "Multithreading", "Garbage Collection"};
        
        System.out.println("Key Features:");
        for (int i = 0; i < features.length; i++) {
            System.out.println((i+1) + ". " + features[i]);
        }
        
        // Object creation
        JavaDemo demo = new JavaDemo("Java", 17);
        demo.displayInfo();
        
        // Exception handling
        try {
            int result = 10 / 0;
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            System.out.println("Cannot divide by zero!");
        }
        
        System.out.println("Java demo completed!");
    }
}