最近一直在使用Linux操作系统,也熟知一些简单的命令,那么下面我将介绍几个不为人知却十分有用的命令:

1.mtr命令,查看mtr运行的主机和某个网站的直接网络连接,如下

mtr google.com

 显示一下内容

                             My traceroute  [v0.75]
localhost.localdomain (0.0.0.0)                        Sun May 18 19:32:36 2014
Keys:  Help   Display mode   Restart statistics   Order of fields   quit
                                       Packets               Pings
 Host                                Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev
 1. 103.31.240.129                    0.0%    42    0.5   0.5   0.5   0.6   0.0
 2. 118.126.0.9                       0.0%    42    0.3   0.3   0.2   0.4   0.0
 3. 210.245.144.37                    0.0%    42    2.9   3.6   2.9  22.1   3.0
 4. 113.10.231.125                    0.0%    42    3.1   3.8   2.7  40.2   5.8
 5. irb9.10g-tc2.wpc.nwtgigalink.com  0.0%    42    2.9   3.1   2.9   5.1   0.4
 6. ae2.10g-pp2.wpc.nwtgigalink.com   0.0%    42    3.2   3.0   2.9   3.2   0.1
 7. google3-10G.hkix.net              0.0%    42    4.6   4.5   4.3   4.6   0.1
 8. 209.85.248.62                     0.0%    42    5.0   5.3   4.8  13.7   1.6
 9. 209.85.241.171                    0.0%    42    5.3   5.2   5.1   5.7   0.1
10. hkg03s16-in-f8.1e100.net          0.0%    41    4.8   4.9   4.7   5.0   0.1

 2.nl命令,给所查看的文本加上行号,如下

cat a.log
aa

nl a.log
1 aa

 3.shuf命令,随机从一个文件或者一个文件夹中选取行或者文件

[root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1
a.log
[root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1
a.log
[root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1
a.log
[root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1
20140512.sql
[root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1
20140512.sql
[root@localhost mwq]# ls | shuf -n1
a.log
[root@localhost mwq]# vim a.log 
[root@localhost mwq]# cat a.log | shuf -n1
aa
[root@localhost mwq]# cat a.log | shuf -n1
dd
[root@localhost mwq]# cat a.log | shuf -n1
aa
[root@localhost mwq]# cat a.log | shuf -n1
ff

 当然你也可以改变参数如cat a.log | shuf -n2获取两行内容。

4.last命令,查看上次登录或者登出的用户

root     pts/4        xxxxxxxxxxx    Sun May 18 19:12   still logged in   
root     pts/4        xxxxxxxxxxx    Fri May 16 09:39 - 15:17  (05:38)    
root     pts/4        xxxxxxxxxxx    Wed May 14 17:13 - 18:01  (00:48)    
root     pts/4        xxxxxxxxxxx    Mon May 12 10:50 - 13:38  (02:47)    
root     pts/4        xxxxxxxxxxx    Mon May 12 10:48 - 10:50  (00:02)    
root     pts/1        xxxxxxxxxxx    Fri May  9 11:58   still logged in 

 5.pstree以树的结构显示当前的进程节点

init─┬─abrt-dump-oops
     ├─abrtd
     ├─acpid
     ├─atd
     ├─auditd───{auditd}
     ├─avahi-daemon───avahi-daemon
     ├─console-kit-dae───63*[{console-kit-da}]
     ├─crond
     ├─dbus-daemon───{dbus-daemon}
     ├─hald───hald-runner─┬─hald-addon-acpi
     │                    └─hald-addon-inpu
     ├─irqbalance
     ├─java───330*[{java}]
     ├─master───qmgr
     ├─6*[mingetty]
     ├─mysqld_safe───mysqld───11*[{mysqld}]
     ├─rhsmcertd───rhsmcertd
     ├─rsyslogd───3*[{rsyslogd}]
     ├─sshd─┬─4*[sshd───bash]
     │      └─sshd───bash───pstree
     ├─stap-serverd
     ├─udevd───2*[udevd]
     └─vsftpd

 

好了,今天就先介绍这么多,稍后会继续。。。。

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