环境准备

需要环境：

PC-1 Suse Linux 9             10.192.1.1

PC-2 Suse Linux 9             10.192.1.2

PC-3 Suse Linux 9             10.192.1.3

PC-4 Suse Linux 9             10.192.1.4

      其中，PC-1做namenode节点，PC-2、PC-3和PC-4做datanode节点。

      并且已经安装成功Hadoop-0.20.1及以上版本。

安装包准备

需要安装包：

zookeeper-3.2.1.tar.gz（stable版本）

hbase-0.20.1.tar.gz（stable版本）

安装步骤

 安装和配置ZooKeeper

HBase从0.20.0开始，需要首先安装ZooKeeper。从apache上下载zookeeper-3.2.1.tar.gz（Stable版本），解压到/home/hdfs/目录下。

（1），在namenode节点新建zookeeper目录，在该目录下新建myid文件。

（2），在zookeeper-3.2.1/conf目录下，拷贝zoo_sample.cfg为zoo.cfg。在zoo.cfg中将dataDir改为/home/hdfs/zookeeper，在文件末位添加所有的主机：

server.1=10.192.1.1:2888:3888

server.2=10.192.1.2:2888:3888

server.3=10.192.1.3:2888:3888

server.4=10.192.1.4:2888:3888

server.5=10.192.1.5:2888:3888

server.6=10.192.1.62888:3888

（3）用scp命令将namenode节点的的/home/hdfs/ zookeeper-3.2.1和/home/hdfs/ zookeeper拷贝到其余所有主机的/home/hdfs目录下。

（4）参照zoo.cfg中的配置，在各主机myid文件中写入各自的编号。如：10.192.1.1入1,10.192.1.2写入2

（5）在所有节点上执行bin/zkServer.sh start，分别启动。

执行bin/zkCli.sh -server xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:2181，检查指定服务器是否成功启动。

安装和配置HBase

下载HBase0.20.1版本，解压到namenode节点的/home/hdfs目录下。

 

配置说明

（1）系统所有配置项的默认设置在hbase-default.xml中查看，如果需要修改配置项的值，在hbase-site.xml中添加配置项。

      在分布式模式下安装HBase，需要添加的最基本的配置项如下：

<property>

<name>hbase.rootdir</name>

<value>hdfs://namenode.hdfs:54310/hbase</value>

<description>The directory shared by region servers.</description>

</property>

<property>

<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>

<value>true</value>

<description>The mode the cluster will be in. Possible values are

false: standalone and pseudo-distributed setups with managed Zookeeper

true: fully-distributed with unmanaged Zookeeper Quorum (see hbase-env.sh)

</description>

</property>

（2）在conf/hbase-env.sh中修改添加配置项：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_16

export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false

export HBASE_CLASSPATH=/home/hdfs/hadoop-0.20.1/conf

并把~/hadoop-0.20.1/conf/hdfs-site.xml拷贝至~/hbase-3.2.1/conf/目录下。

（3）将ZooKeeper的配置文件zoo.cfg添加到HBase所有主机的CLASSPATH中。

（4）在conf/regionservers中添加hadoop-0.20.1/conf/slaves中所有的datanode节点。

启动

Hadoop、ZooKeeper和HBase之间应该按照顺序启动和关闭：启动Hadoop—>启动ZooKeeper集群—>启动HBase—>停止HBase—>停止ZooKeeper集群—>停止Hadoop。

在namenode节点执行bin/hbase-daemon.sh，启动master。执行bin/start-hbase.sh和bin/stop-hbase.sh脚本启动和停止HBase服务。

接口说明

      HBase按列存储结构化数据，支持建表、插入记录、查询记录、删除记录和索引操作等等，不支持连接和更新操作。

开发步骤

引入JAR包

在Windows客户端编写JAVA程序操作HBase，需要引入一些JAR包。需要引入的JAR如下：hadoop-0.20.1-core.jar，commons-logging-1.0.4.jar，commons-logging-api-1.0.4.jar，zookeeper-3.2.1.jar，hbase-0.20.1.jar，log4j-1.2.15.jar。

开发模式

在分布式模式下开发，在程序中配置与HDFS和ZooKeeper的连接，即可对数据进行操作。

import java.util.Date; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.io.IOException; import java.awt.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.NavigableMap; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; public class HBaseManager { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ HBaseManager manager = new HBaseManager(); manager.testGet(); } public void testQueryRS()throws Exception{ HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration(); config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000"); config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1"); HTable table = new HTable(config, "commodity"); System.out.println("Get Spin's commodity info"); Scan scanner = new Scan(); scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("description")); scanner.setMaxVersions(); ResultScanner rsScanner = table.getScanner(scanner); System.out.println(rsScanner.toString()); Result rs = rsScanner.next(); while(null != rs){ System.out.println(rs.size()); NavigableMap<byte[],NavigableMap<byte[],NavigableMap<Long,byte[]>>> nMap = rs.getMap(); NavigableMap<byte[],NavigableMap<Long,byte[]>> columnMap = nMap.get(Bytes.toBytes("description")); NavigableMap<Long,byte[]> qualMap = columnMap.get(new byte[]{}); if(qualMap.entrySet().size() > 0){ System.out.println("---------------------------"); for(Map.Entry<Long, byte[]> m :qualMap.entrySet()) { System.out.println("Value:"+ new String(m.getValue())); } } rs = rsScanner.next(); } } public void testQueryCommodity()throws Exception{ HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration(); config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000"); config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1.203"); HTable table = new HTable(config, "commodity"); System.out.println("Get Spin's commodity info"); Get mathGet = new Get(new String("Spin").getBytes()); mathGet.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname")); mathGet.setMaxVersions(); Result rs = table.get(mathGet); NavigableMap<byte[],NavigableMap<byte[],NavigableMap<Long,byte[]>>> nMap = rs.getMap(); NavigableMap<byte[],NavigableMap<Long,byte[]>> columnMap = nMap.get(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname")); NavigableMap<Long,byte[]> qualMap = columnMap.get(new byte[]{}); if(qualMap.entrySet().size() > 0){ for(Map.Entry<Long, byte[]> m :qualMap.entrySet()) { System.out.println("Value:"+ new String(m.getValue())); break; } } } public void test()throws Exception{ HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration(); config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000"); config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1"); HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(config); HTable table = new HTable(config, "scores"); if (admin.tableExists("scores")){ System.out.println("drop table"); admin.disableTable("scores"); admin.deleteTable("scores"); } System.out.println("create table"); HTableDescriptor tableDescripter = new HTableDescriptor("scores".getBytes()); tableDescripter.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("grade")); tableDescripter.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("course")); admin.createTable(tableDescripter); System.out.println("add Tom's data"); Put tomPut = new Put(new String("Tom").getBytes()); tomPut.add(new String("grade").getBytes(), new byte[]{}, new String("1").getBytes()); tomPut.add(new String("grade").getBytes(), new String("math").getBytes(), new String("87").getBytes()); tomPut.add(new String("course").getBytes(), new String("math").getBytes(), new String("97").getBytes()); table.put(tomPut); System.out.println("add Jerry's data"); Put jerryPut = new Put(new String("Jerry").getBytes()); jerryPut.add(new String("grade").getBytes(), new byte[]{}, new String("2").getBytes()); jerryPut.add(new String("grade").getBytes(), new String("math").getBytes(), new String("77").getBytes()); jerryPut.add(new String("course").getBytes(), new String("math").getBytes(), new String("92").getBytes()); table.put(jerryPut); System.out.println("Get Tom's data"); Get tomGet = new Get(new String("Tom").getBytes()); Result tomResult = table.get(tomGet); System.out.println(tomResult.toString()); System.out.println("Get Tom's Math grade"); Get mathGet = new Get(new String("Tom").getBytes()); mathGet.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("grade")); mathGet.setMaxVersions(); Result rs = table.get(mathGet); NavigableMap<byte[],NavigableMap<byte[],NavigableMap<Long,byte[]>>> nMap = rs.getMap(); NavigableMap<byte[],NavigableMap<Long,byte[]>> columnMap = nMap.get(Bytes.toBytes("grade")); NavigableMap<Long,byte[]> qualMap = columnMap.get(Bytes.toBytes("math")); for(Map.Entry<Long, byte[]> m :qualMap.entrySet()) { System.out.println("TimeStamp:"+m.getKey()); System.out.println("Value:"+ new String(m.getValue())); } System.out.println("Delete a column"); Delete deleteArt = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes("Tom")); deleteArt.deleteColumn(Bytes.toBytes("grade"), Bytes.toBytes("math")); table.delete(deleteArt); } public void testScanner() throws IOException{ HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration(); config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000"); config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1"); HTable table = new HTable(config, "commodity"); System.out.println("Scan commodity info"); Scan scanner = new Scan(); scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname")); scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("filename")); scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("description")); scanner.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("createtime")); //scanner.setMaxVersions(); //scanner.setMaxVersions(4); ResultScanner rsScanner = table.getScanner(scanner); Result rs = rsScanner.next(); for(;null != rs; rs = rsScanner.next()){ System.out.println("rs.getRow()[" + new String(rs.getRow()) + "]"); System.out.println("[" + new String(rs.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname"))) + "]"); System.out.println("[" + new String(rs.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("filename"))) + "]"); System.out.println("[" + new String(rs.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("description"))) + "]"); String timeStr = new String(rs.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("createtime"))); System.out.println("[" + timeStr + "]"); SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"); try{ Date after = dateFormat.parse(timeStr); System.out.println(after); } catch(Exception exp){ exp.printStackTrace(); } } } public void testGet()throws IOException{ HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration(); config.set("hbase.master", "10.192.1.1:60000"); config.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.192.1.1"); HTable table = new HTable(config, "commodity"); Get get = new Get(new String("xxxx.wgt").getBytes()); get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("widgetname")); get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("filename")); get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("description")); get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("createtime")); get.setMaxVersions(2); System.out.println("00000000000000"); Result dbResult = table.get(get); System.out.println("11111111111111"); System.out.println(dbResult.size()); System.out.println("2222222222222222"); System.out.println(new String(dbResult.value())); System.out.println("3333333333333333"); System.out.println(dbResult.containsColumn(Bytes.toBytes("description"), new byte[]{})); System.out.println("44444444444444444"); System.out.println(dbResult.isEmpty()); System.out.println("55555555555555555"); System.out.println(dbResult.list()); System.out.println("66666666666666666"); System.out.println(dbResult.raw()); System.out.println("77777777777777777"); System.out.println(dbResult.toString()); System.out.println("88888888888888888"); System.out.println(dbResult.raw().clone()); System.out.println("99999999999999999"); } }

 

补充：hbase shell中使用create/list/scan等命令 ，报错org.apache.hadoop.hbase.MasterNotRunningException: null。

处理：离开hadoop安全模式：hadoop dfsadmin -safemode leave