不输入密码自动通过SSH方式登录服务器

冷胜魁(Seaquester)
lengshengkui@gmail.com
2009-7-1

看到ChinaUnix上面有一个网友的帖子,想在linux下使用ssh登录的时候不用每次都输入密码,又不能使用key的方式。
在网上搜索了一下,有网友用expect写了一个自动登录的脚本,但是我试过之后,却发现不能用。
后来看到有人说使用sshpass可以解决问题。所以自己写了一个脚本。脚本写的比较简单,没有考虑安全性的问题。要使用这个脚本必须安装sshpass这个软件。


sshlogin.sh:

#!/bin/bash
#===============================================================================
#
# FILENAME:
#     sshlogin.sh
#
# DESCRIPTION:
#     Script to use user and password from config file to login remote
#     ssh server.
#     This script needs 1 argument to login the remote ssh server:
#       ipaddr = IP Addreess of remote ssh server.
#
#     For example:
#       ./sshlogin.sh 192.168.0.1
#
#     You need to create a config file(pass.dat) with entries like:
#       server1|user|password
#       server2|user|password
#
# REVISION(MM/DD/YYYY):
#     07/01/2009  Shengkui Leng (shengkui.leng@advantech.com.cn)
#     - Initial version
#
#===============================================================================


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# NAME:
#      print_usage
#
# DESCRIPTION:
#      Print usage information
#
# PARAMETERS:
#      $1 - Program name
#
# RETURNS:
#      None
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
print_usage ()
{
    echo "Usage: $1 <Server IP>"
    exit 1
}
[ $# -eq 1 ] || print_usage $0


CONFIG_FILE=pass.dat
SERVER=$1
ipaddr=""
username=""
password=""

found=0

while read line ; do
    ipaddr=$(echo $line | cut -d'|' -f1)
    username=$(echo $line | cut -d'|' -f2)
    password=$(echo $line | cut -d'|' -f3)

    if [ "$SERVER" == "$ipaddr" ] ; then
        #The server found!
        found=1
        break
    fi
done < $CONFIG_FILE


if [ $found -eq 0 ] ;  then
    echo "The server not found!"
    exit 2
fi

if [ -z "$password" ] || [ -z "$ipaddr" ] || [ -z "$username" ] ; then
    echo "Invalid config file: $CONFIG_FILE!"
    exit 3
fi

#Automatically add new host keys to user known hosts files(known_hosts)
AUTO_ADD_HOST_KEY="-oUserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no"

echo "Logining(ssh) $username@$ipaddr..."
sshpass -p "$password" ssh $username@$ipaddr $AUTO_ADD_HOST_KEY

exit 0


注1:需要建立一个记录密码、用户名和ssh server IP的文件pass.dat:

pass.dat:
192.168.0.1|root|a123B56
192.168.0.2|root|7X890Yz

注2:如果是第一次用ssh登录某一个server时,ssh会提示:

The authenticity of host '192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.11)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 7b:b9:c3:cd:01:cd:2f:19:4e:96:d3:66:27:55:7f:65.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?

所以上面的脚本在调用ssh时指定了参数:
-oUserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no
这样ssh就不会出现上面的提示,详情请参考man ssh_config。

 

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