已解决：源 “MySQL 5.7 Community Server“ 的 GPG 密钥已安装，但是不适用于此软件包。请检查源的公钥 URL 是否配置正确和报错：`ERROR 1045 (28000

@[toc]## 问题描述1. 服务器上安装mysql时出现了报错，简单记录下解决方案```cpp源 "MySQL 5.7 Community Server" 的 GPG 密钥已安装，但是不适用于此软件包。请检查源的公钥 URL 是否配置正确。失败的软件包是：mysql-community-client-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64GPG密钥配置为：file:///etc/pki/rpm

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11308人浏览 · 2022-10-13 14:05:47

小企鹅推雪球! · 2022-10-13 14:05:47 发布

文章目录

- 问题描述

问题描述

服务器上安装mysql时出现了报错，简单记录下解决方案

源 "MySQL 5.7 Community Server" 的 GPG 密钥已安装，但是不适用于此软件包。请检查源的公钥 URL 是否配置正确。


 失败的软件包是：mysql-community-client-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64
 GPG  密钥配置为：file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

执行：rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

[root@localhost mysql]# rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
[root@localhost mysql]# yum install mysql-server
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.5.7.40-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.40-1.el7，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.5.7.40-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-common.x86_64.0.5.7.40-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.60-1.el7_5 将被 取代
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs.x86_64.0.5.7.40-1.el7 将被 舍弃
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64.0.5.7.40-1.el7 将被 舍弃
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

启动mysql服务并查看运行状态

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 四 2022-10-13 05:42:37 UTC; 7s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 10239 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 10181 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 10242 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 27
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─10242 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

10月 13 05:42:26 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
10月 13 05:42:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

查看mysql初始密码：grep 'A temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

[root@localhost mysql]# grep 'A temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-10-13T05:42:35.302480Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !oCdG%3prdP1

使用初始密码进行登录，报错：ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'
修改 /etc/my.cnf文件，在最后加入skip-grant-tables

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
skip-grant-tables

然后重启数据库：systemctl restart mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld

可以使用无密码直接登录：

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p 
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.40 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

修改root 密码前，先刷新一下权限，然后再修改root密码

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)