k8s–基础–26.3–监控告警系统–prometheus–部署

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1、创建namespace、sa账号

1. 在k8s集群的master节点操作

1.1、创建一个monitor-sa的名称空间

kubectl create ns monitor-sa 

1.2、创建一个sa账号

# 在 monitor-sa 名称空间下，创建sa账号，账号名称monitor
kubectl create serviceaccount monitor -n monitor-sa  

1.3、把sa账号monitor通过clusterrolebing绑定到clusterrole上

kubectl create clusterrolebinding monitor-clusterrolebinding -n monitor-sa --clusterrole=cluster-admin  --serviceaccount=monitor-sa:monitor

1. clusterrolebinding 指定名称空间 monitor-sa
2. 创建一个clusterrolebinding，名字叫做monitor-clusterrolebinding
3. 将monitor-sa名称空间下的monitor账号通过clusterrole绑定集群角色cluster-admin，这样monitor账号就有了cluster-admin角色的权限。

2、创建数据目录

在k8s集群的任何一个node节点操作，我在node1上操作如下命令：

mkdir -p /monitor/data/
chmod 777 /monitor/data/

3、安装prometheus

1. 在k8s集群的master1节点操作

3.1、创建一个configmap存储卷，用来存放prometheus配置信息

3.1.1、脚本

vi /root/k8s/monitor/prometheus-cfg.yaml

内容

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  # ConfigMap标签
  labels:
    app: prometheus
  # ConfigMap 的名称
  name: prometheus-config
  # ConfigMap 的名称空间
  namespace: monitor-sa
data:
  # yml的文件名称
  prometheus.yml: |
    global:
      scrape_interval: 15s
      scrape_timeout: 10s
      evaluation_interval: 1m
    scrape_configs:
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-node'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        regex: '(.*):10250'
        # ${1} 获取第一个参数
        replacement: '${1}:9100'
        target_label: __address__
        action: replace
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-node-cadvisor'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role:  node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
        regex: (.+)
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        # ${1} 获取第一个参数
        replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-apiserver'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
        action: keep
        regex: default;kubernetes;https
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
        action: replace
        target_label: __scheme__
        regex: (https?)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
        action: replace
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        regex: (.+)
      - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
        action: replace
        target_label: __address__
        regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
        # 获取第1个参数，获取第2个参数
        replacement: $1:$2
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_name 

注意：通过上面命令生成的promtheus-cfg.yaml文件会有一些问题，$1和$2这种变量在文件里没有，需要在k8s的master1节点打开promtheus-cfg.yaml文件，手动把$1和$2这种变量写进文件里。

3.1.2、执行

kubectl apply  -f  /root/k8s/monitor/prometheus-cfg.yaml

# 查看
kubectl get ConfigMap -n monitor-sa

3.2、部署prometheus

3.2.1、脚本

vi /root/k8s/monitor/prometheus-deploy.yaml

内容

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  # Deployment 名称
  name: prometheus-server
  # Deployment 名称空间
  namespace: monitor-sa
  # Deployment 标签
  labels:
    app: prometheus
spec:
  replicas: 1
  # 标签选择器，选择对应标签的模板
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus
      component: server
    #matchExpressions:
    #- {key: app, operator: In, values: [prometheus]}
    #- {key: component, operator: In, values: [server]}
  # 定义模板
  template:
    metadata:
      # 定义标签
      labels:
        app: prometheus
        component: server
      # 定义注解
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/scrape: 'false'
    spec:
      # pod运行的节点
      # k8s集群的哪个node节点创建/monitor/data，就让pod调度到哪个节点。
      nodeName: node1
      # 使用的SA账号
      serviceAccountName: monitor
      # 定义容器
      containers:
      # 容器名称
      - name: prometheus
        # 镜像地址
        image: prom/prometheus:v2.2.1
        # 镜像拉取策略
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        # 如果命令存在就使用这个命令，不使用容器的ENTRYPOINT命令
        # 也就是启动容器的命令
        command:
          - prometheus
          - --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
          - --storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus
          - --storage.tsdb.retention=720h
        # 配置端口
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
          name: prometheus-config
          subPath: prometheus.yml
        - mountPath: /prometheus/
          name: prometheus-storage-volume
      # 设置存储卷
      volumes:
        # 存储卷名称
        - name: prometheus-config
          # configMap类型的挂载
          configMap:
            # 使用名称为prometheus-config的configMap
            name: prometheus-config
            items:
              # 使用名称为prometheus.yml的配置文件
              - key: prometheus.yml
                path: prometheus.yml
                mode: 0644
        # 存储卷名称
        - name: prometheus-storage-volume
          # hostPath存储卷
          hostPath:
           path: /monitor/data
           type: Directory

3.2.2、执行

kubectl apply  -f  /root/k8s/monitor/prometheus-deploy.yaml

# 查看
kubectl get Deployment -n monitor-sa
kubectl get pods -n monitor-sa -o wide

3.3、给prometheus pod 创建一个service

1. 可以实现负载均衡
2. 可以通过浏览器访问

3.3.1、脚本

vi /root/k8s/monitor/prometheus-svc.yaml

内容

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  # Service名称
  name: prometheus
  # Service 名称空间
  namespace: monitor-sa
  # Service 标签
  labels:
    app: prometheus
spec:
  # 让浏览器可以访问
  type: NodePort
  # 定义端口
  ports:
    - port: 9090
      targetPort: 9090
      protocol: TCP
  # 设置对应pod的标签
  selector:
    app: prometheus
    component: server

3.3.2、执行

kubectl apply  -f  /root/k8s/monitor/prometheus-svc.yaml

# 查看
kubectl get svc -n monitor-sa

4、测试

http://192.168.187.154:30747/graph