app.js:358 Uncaught ReferenceError: require is not defined
    at eval (index.mjs:4:30)
    at Module../node_modules/@element-plus/icons-vue/dist/es/index.mjs (chunk-vendors.js:9072:1)
    at __webpack_require__ (app.js:355:33)
    at fn (app.js:600:21)
    at eval (icon.js:7:16)
    at Object../node_modules/element-plus/lib/utils/vue/icon.js (chunk-vendors.js:7646:1)
    at __webpack_require__ (app.js:355:33)
    at fn (app.js:600:21)
    at Object../node_modules/element-plus/lib/utils/vue/index.js (chunk-vendors.js:7665:12)
    at __webpack_require__ (app.js:355:33)

此时.env.dev文件内容是：

# 开发环境配置
ENV = 'dev'

VUE_APP_BASE_API = 'api'

# 路由懒加载
VUE_CLI_BABEL_TRANSPILE_MODULES = true

导致报错的原因是路由懒加载

解决办法：

1. 在.env.dev中不需要配置VUE_CLI_BABEL_TRANSPILE_MODULES = true 删除即可
2. 命令行执行：npm install babel-plugin-dynamic-import-node -S -D
3. 在babel.config.js中添加插件

module.exports = {
  presets: [
    '@vue/cli-plugin-babel/preset'
  ],
  env: {
    dev: {
      plugins: ['dynamic-import-node']
    }
  }
}