匹配版本：

• ubuntu版本 20.04.3（VMware 创建的虚拟机 数量3 双核2G）
• docker版本 20.10.6
• k8s版本 1.21.0-00

准备工作

修改主机名：

# 以一个节点为例
hostnamectl set-hostname master01

设置root用户密码并切换

sudo passwd root #初始化root密码
su root # 切换root账户

添加k8s的阿里源

#安装必要的系统工具
apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
apt upgrade -y

#安装GPG证书
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add -

#添加软件源信息
tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list <<-'EOF'
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF

apt-get update

#查找可安装Docker-CE的版本:
apt-cache madison docker-ce

# 查看可安装版本
apt-cache madison kubelet

关闭 swap，不关闭的话, k8s 会报错

swapoff -a
vim /etc/fstab

# 注释掉 # /swapfile none swap sw 0 0

开始安装

安装最新docker

apt install docker.io -y

# 更换阿里源 一定要把your_code换成你自己阿里云的

mkdir -p /etc/docker
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://g2djyyu3.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"exec-opts": [ "native.cgroupdriver=systemd" ]
}
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

安装kubelet kubeadm kubectl

apt-get install -y kubelet=1.21.0-00 kubeadm=1.21.0-00 kubectl=1.21.0-00 -y

修改host文件

vim /etc/hosts
在文件末尾添加

11.0.1.111 master01
11.0.1.112 node01
11.0.1.113 node02

IP和主机名要与你自己的一致。

以上操作3台VM都要执行。

初始化配置master节点

kubeadm config images pull --image-repository=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version=v1.21.0

kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=11.0.1.111 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers  --kubernetes-version=v1.21.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --ignore-preflight-errors=CpuNum

说明：

--apiserver-advertise-address: k8s 中的主要服务apiserver的部署地址，填自己的管理节点 ip
--image-repository: 拉取的 docker 镜像源，因为初始化的时候kubeadm会去拉 k8s 的很多组件来进行部署，所以需要指定国内镜像源，下不然会拉取不到镜像。
--pod-network-cidr: 这个是 k8s 采用的节点网络，因为我们将要使用flannel作为 k8s 的网络，所以这里填10.244.0.0/16就好
--kubernetes-version: 这个是用来指定你要部署的 k8s 版本的，一般不用填，不过如果初始化过程中出现了因为版本不对导致的安装错误的话，可以用这个参数手动指定。
--ignore-preflight-errors: 忽略初始化时遇到的错误，比如说我想忽略 cpu 数量不够 2 核引起的错误，就可以用--ignore-preflight-errors=CpuNum。错误名称在初始化错误时会给出来。

返回如上，说明master安装成功；

设置环境变量

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

手动下载可能下载失败的包

docker pull docker.io/coredns/coredns:1.8.0
docker tag coredns/coredns:1.8.0 registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns/coredns:v1.8.0

docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0

部署pods网络

下载kube-flannel.yml文件，文件内容详见最后

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

配置worker节点

在master节点上，当master部署成功时，会返回类似如下信息：

kubeadm join 11.0.1.111:6443 --token pvage7.pyucpl4z8mwcxhw4 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:176b8d26e2537ed2125c24ad27e474b24c6cb770d2e763a99dd79dc2d21c5087 

直接将该条指令复制至worker节点执行，即可完成节点的添加

需要说明的是，以上指令中的token有效期只有24小时，当token失效以后，可以使用kubeadm token create --print-join-command生成新的添加节点指令

# 查看节点
kubectl get nodes

报错：

node为NotReady

 

在master01和node01、node02上都执行

 

 在master01和node01、node02上都执行

 

 

 

ubuntu k8s 命令补全

apt install -y bash-completion
apt install mlocate
locate bash_completion
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
source <(kubectl completion bash)

kube-flannel.yml

---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
  name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
  annotations:
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
    seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
    apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
  privileged: false
  volumes:
  - configMap
  - secret
  - emptyDir
  - hostPath
  allowedHostPaths:
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
  - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
  - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
  readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
  # Users and groups
  runAsUser:
    rule: RunAsAny
  supplementalGroups:
    rule: RunAsAny
  fsGroup:
    rule: RunAsAny
  # Privilege Escalation
  allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
  # Capabilities
  allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
  defaultAddCapabilities: []
  requiredDropCapabilities: []
  # Host namespaces
  hostPID: false
  hostIPC: false
  hostNetwork: true
  hostPorts:
  - min: 0
    max: 65535
  # SELinux
  seLinux:
    # SELinux is unused in CaaSP
    rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
  resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
  verbs: ['use']
  resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg
 

 参考

https://www.cnblogs.com/linxqjy/p/14768914.html

https://blog.csdn.net/nickDaDa/article/details/100122952