首先说明一点，这里安装仅针对单机部署，并不会涉及多节点部署。因此如果想使用多个节点搭建k8s请不要参考此教程，首先展示一下本机基础环境

root@iris:~# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="20.04.2 LTS (Focal Fossa)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS"
VERSION_ID="20.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=focal
UBUNTU_CODENAME=focal

基础工具安装

1. 相关镜像源配置
   这里采用清华镜像源，地址为 https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/
   注意选择当前Ubuntu对应的版本，之后将内容覆盖到/etc/apt/source.list文件
   覆盖完成后执行命令apt-get update
2. 安装curl
   apt-get install curl
3. 安装contrack
   apt-get install conntrack

组件安装

1. kubectl安装
   curl -LO "https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl"
   如果你ubuntu集群无法执行这个命令，或者执行非常慢可以直接用能上外网主机访问上述网址，之后会自动下载文件，然后上传到ubuntu主机，请确定下载完成后继续下面步骤
   将下载文件放到指定目录，这个可以任意

root@iris:/home/iris/k8s/kubectl# pwd
/home/iris/k8s/kubectl

之后配置环境变量，具体为修改/etc/profile文件

root@iris:~# tail -n 2 /etc/profile

export PATH=$PATH:/home/iris/k8s/kubectl:/home/iris/k8s/minikube

后面是minikube位置，可以先配置上
2. minikube安装
curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64
同样的，你也可以通过其他电脑下载然后上传至ubuntu主机，本次我的安装位置如下

root@iris:/home/iris/k8s/minikube# pwd
/home/iris/k8s/minikube
root@iris:/home/iris/k8s/minikube# ll
total 58404
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root     4096 3月  27 23:59 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root     4096 3月  27 23:58 ../
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 59794699 3月  27 23:58 minikube*

值得一提是下载下的文件名称为minikube-linux-amd64，在文件目录下使用mv minikube-linux-amd64 minikube命令改为minikube
3. docker安装
这一部分可以参考官方教程 https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/
本次使用Install using the repository开头的安装方式

启动

启动之前，使用命令source /etc/profile命令刷新环境变量配置，之后执行如下命令

root@iris:/home/iris/k8s# minikube start --vm-driver=none --image-repository=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
* minikube v1.18.1 on Ubuntu 20.04
* Using the none driver based on existing profile
* Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube
* Restarting existing none bare metal machine for "minikube" ...
* OS release is Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS
* Preparing Kubernetes v1.20.2 on Docker 20.10.5 ...
  - kubelet.resolv-conf=/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf
    > kubelet.sha256: 64 B / 64 B [--------------------------] 100.00% ? p/s 0s
    > kubelet: 108.73 MiB / 108.73 MiB [-------------] 100.00% 4.35 MiB p/s 26s
  - Generating certificates and keys ...
  - Booting up control plane ...
  - Configuring RBAC rules ...
* Configuring local host environment ...
*
! The 'none' driver is designed for experts who need to integrate with an existing VM
* Most users should use the newer 'docker' driver instead, which does not require root!
* For more information, see: https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/none/
*
! kubectl and minikube configuration will be stored in /root
! To use kubectl or minikube commands as your own user, you may need to relocate them. For example, to overwrite your own settings, run:
*
  - sudo mv /root/.kube /root/.minikube $HOME
  - sudo chown -R $USER $HOME/.kube $HOME/.minikube
*
* This can also be done automatically by setting the env var CHANGE_MINIKUBE_NONE_USER=true
* Verifying Kubernetes components...
  - Using image registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v4 (global image repository)
* Enabled addons: storage-provisioner, default-storageclass
* Done! kubectl is now configured to use "minikube" cluster and "default" namespace by default

配置到此结束