一 docker-compose 安装 mariadbmariadb

1、修改配置文件

cat docker-compose.yaml

version: '3.1'

services:

  mariadb:
    image: mariadb:10.4.7
    restart: always
    container_name: mariadb
    ports:
      # 端口映射
      - 3306:3306
    volumes:
      # 容器与宿主机时间同步
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime
      # 数据库目录映射
      - ./config/mariadb:/var/lib/mysql
      # （推荐）如果要使用自定义的MySQL配置，则可以在主机上的目录中创建备用配置文件，然后将该目录位置/etc/mysql/conf.d安装在mariadb容器内。自己所需的配置文件可以放在自己服务器./config/data/mariadb-config里面
      - ./config/mariadb-config:/etc/mysql/conf.d
    environment:
      TIME_ZONE: Asia/Shanghai
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
      #MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: q1w2E#R$

2、启动

docker-compose up -d

注：如果出现如下问题：

[root@localhost mysql]# docker-compose up -d
Creating network "mysql_default" with the default driver
ERROR: Failed to Setup IP tables: Unable to enable SKIP DNAT rule:  (iptables failed: iptables --wait -t nat -I DOCKER -i br-bc4fb14edbe6 -j RETURN: iptables: No chain/target/match by that name.
 (exit status 1))

重启docker（因为关闭防火墙docker需要重启）

systemctl restart docker

3、安装客户端，修改密码

安装客户端

仅安装MySQL客户端
# 添加rpm源
[root@k8s-master ~]# rpm -ivh https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
[root@test1 ~]#
# 通过yum搜索
[root@test1 ~]# yum search mysql-community
[root@test1 ~]#
# 安装x64位的 mysql客户端
[root@test1 ~]# yum install mysql-community-client.x86_64

修改密码

mysql -h 172.21.60.2 -u root -P 3306 -p
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'q1w2E#R$';

参考文件

my.cnf 配置文件

# MariaDB database server configuration file.
#
# You can copy this file to one of:
# - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options,
# - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.
#
# One can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with
# --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

# This will be passed to all mysql clients
# It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes
# escpecially if they contain "#" chars...
# Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location.
[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

# Here is entries for some specific programs
# The following values assume you have at least 32M ram

# This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed.
[mysqld_safe]
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice            = 0

[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
#user           = mysql
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port            = 3306
basedir         = /usr
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir          = /tmp
lc_messages_dir = /usr/share/mysql
lc_messages     = en_US
skip-external-locking
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address           = 127.0.0.1
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
####max_connections         = 100
connect_timeout         = 5
wait_timeout            = 600
max_allowed_packet      = 16M
thread_cache_size       = 128
####sort_buffer_size        = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 16M
tmp_table_size          = 32M
max_heap_table_size     = 32M
#
# * MyISAM
#
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched. On error, make copy and try a repair.
myisam_recover_options = BACKUP
key_buffer_size         = 128M
#open-files-limit       = 2000
table_open_cache        = 400
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 512M
concurrent_insert       = 2
####read_buffer_size        = 2M
####read_rnd_buffer_size    = 1M
#
# * Query Cache Configuration
#
# Cache only tiny result sets, so we can fit more in the query cache.
query_cache_limit               = 128K
####query_cache_size                = 64M
# for more write intensive setups, set to DEMAND or OFF
#query_cache_type               = DEMAND
#
# * Logging and Replication
#
# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
# As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime!
#general_log_file        = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#general_log             = 1
#
# Error logging goes to syslog due to /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqld_safe_syslog.cnf.
log_error               = error.log
# we do want to know about network errors and such
#log_warnings           = 2
#
# Enable the slow query log to see queries with especially long duration
#slow_query_log[={0|1}]
#slow_query_log_file     = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-slow.log
slow_query_log          = 1
slow_query_log_file     = mariadb-slow.log

long_query_time = 10
#log_slow_rate_limit    = 1000
#log_slow_verbosity     = query_plan

#log-queries-not-using-indexes
#log_slow_admin_statements
#
# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about
#       other settings you may need to change.
#server-id              = 1
#report_host            = master1
#auto_increment_increment = 2
#auto_increment_offset  = 1
#log_bin                        = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-bin
#log_bin_index          = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-bin.index
# not fab for performance, but safer
#sync_binlog            = 1
expire_logs_days        = 10
max_binlog_size         = 100M
# slaves
#relay_log              = /var/log/mysql/relay-bin
#relay_log_index        = /var/log/mysql/relay-bin.index
#relay_log_info_file    = /var/log/mysql/relay-bin.info
#log_slave_updates
#read_only
#
# If applications support it, this stricter sql_mode prevents some
# mistakes like inserting invalid dates etc.
#sql_mode               = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,TRADITIONAL
#
# * InnoDB
#
# InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/.
# Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many!
default_storage_engine  = InnoDB
# you can't just change log file size, requires special procedure
#innodb_log_file_size   = 50M
####innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size  = 8M
innodb_file_per_table   = 1
innodb_open_files       = 400
innodb_io_capacity      = 400
innodb_flush_method     = O_DIRECT

#参数优化
# 1 忽略大小写， 0 不忽略大消息，默认0 
lower_case_table_names = 1
# 最大连接数
max_connections         = 1000
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 20G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=10
sort_buffer_size=12M
read_buffer_size=8M
read_rnd_buffer_size=50M
join_buffer_size=8M
query_cache_size=1024M
thread_concurrency=16 #CPU核数 * 2
#
# * Security Features
#
# Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!
# chroot = /var/lib/mysql/
#
# For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca".
#
# ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem
# ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
# ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem

#
# * Galera-related settings
#
[galera]
# Mandatory settings
#wsrep_on=ON
#wsrep_provider=
#wsrep_cluster_address=
#binlog_format=row
#default_storage_engine=InnoDB
#innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
#
# Allow server to accept connections on all interfaces.
#
#bind-address=0.0.0.0
#
# Optional setting
#wsrep_slave_threads=1
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0

[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet      = 16M

[mysql]
#no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completion

[isamchk]
key_buffer              = 16M

#
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
#   The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
!include /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

二、k8s安装mariadb

1、编辑yaml文件

vim mysql-service.yaml

#Service
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql-service
  labels: 
    name: mysql-service-label
  namespace: paas-db
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 3306
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 3306
    name: http
    nodePort: 30306
  selector:
    name: mysql-pod

vim mysql-deploy.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
    name: mysql-deploy
    labels:
      name: mysql-deploy-label
    namespace: paas-db
spec:
    replicas: 1
    selector:
      matchLabels:
        name: mysql-pod
    template:
      metadata:
        labels: 
          name: mysql-pod
      spec:
        nodeSelector: 
          mysql: "true"
        terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30  #k8s正确、优雅地关闭应用，等待时间30秒
        containers:
        - name: mysql-container
          image: mariadb:10.4.7
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          ports:
          - containerPort: 3306
          env:
          - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
            value: "123456"
          - name: TIME_ZONE
            value: Asia/Shanghai
          volumeMounts:
          - name: mysql-volume
            mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          - name: mysql-conf
            mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
          - name: date-config
            mountPath: /etc/localtime
        volumes:
        - name: mysql-volume
          hostPath:
            path: /home/k8s-1.19.2/paas-db/volume
        - name: mysql-conf
          hostPath:
            path: /home/k8s-1.19.2/paas-db/config
        - name: date-config
          hostPath:
            path: /etc/localtime

vim my.cnf

# MariaDB database server configuration file.
#
# You can copy this file to one of:
# - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options,
# - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.
#
# One can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with
# --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

# This will be passed to all mysql clients
# It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes
# escpecially if they contain "#" chars...
# Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location.
[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

# Here is entries for some specific programs
# The following values assume you have at least 32M ram

# This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed.
[mysqld_safe]
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice            = 0

[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
#user           = mysql
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port            = 3306
basedir         = /usr
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir          = /tmp
lc_messages_dir = /usr/share/mysql
lc_messages     = en_US
skip-external-locking
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address           = 127.0.0.1
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
####max_connections         = 100
connect_timeout         = 5
wait_timeout            = 600
max_allowed_packet      = 16M
thread_cache_size       = 128
####sort_buffer_size        = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 16M
tmp_table_size          = 32M
max_heap_table_size     = 32M
#
# * MyISAM
#
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched. On error, make copy and try a repair.
myisam_recover_options = BACKUP
key_buffer_size         = 128M
#open-files-limit       = 2000
table_open_cache        = 400
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 512M
concurrent_insert       = 2
####read_buffer_size        = 2M
####read_rnd_buffer_size    = 1M
#
# * Query Cache Configuration
#
# Cache only tiny result sets, so we can fit more in the query cache.
query_cache_limit               = 128K
####query_cache_size                = 64M
# for more write intensive setups, set to DEMAND or OFF
#query_cache_type               = DEMAND
#
# * Logging and Replication
#
# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
# As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime!
#general_log_file        = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#general_log             = 1
#
# Error logging goes to syslog due to /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqld_safe_syslog.cnf.
log_error               = error.log
# we do want to know about network errors and such
#log_warnings           = 2
#
# Enable the slow query log to see queries with especially long duration
#slow_query_log[={0|1}]
#slow_query_log_file     = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-slow.log
slow_query_log          = 1
slow_query_log_file     = mariadb-slow.log

long_query_time = 10
#log_slow_rate_limit    = 1000
#log_slow_verbosity     = query_plan

#log-queries-not-using-indexes
#log_slow_admin_statements
#
# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about
#       other settings you may need to change.
#server-id              = 1
#report_host            = master1
#auto_increment_increment = 2
#auto_increment_offset  = 1
#log_bin                        = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-bin
#log_bin_index          = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-bin.index
# not fab for performance, but safer
#sync_binlog            = 1
expire_logs_days        = 10
max_binlog_size         = 100M
# slaves
#relay_log              = /var/log/mysql/relay-bin
#relay_log_index        = /var/log/mysql/relay-bin.index
#relay_log_info_file    = /var/log/mysql/relay-bin.info
#log_slave_updates
#read_only
#
# If applications support it, this stricter sql_mode prevents some
# mistakes like inserting invalid dates etc.
#sql_mode               = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,TRADITIONAL
#
# * InnoDB
#
# InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/.
# Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many!
default_storage_engine  = InnoDB
# you can't just change log file size, requires special procedure
#innodb_log_file_size   = 50M
####innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size  = 8M
innodb_file_per_table   = 1
innodb_open_files       = 400
innodb_io_capacity      = 400
innodb_flush_method     = O_DIRECT

#参数优化
# 1 忽略大小写， 0 不忽略大消息，默认0 
lower_case_table_names = 1
# 最大连接数
max_connections         = 1000
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 20G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=10
sort_buffer_size=12M
read_buffer_size=8M
read_rnd_buffer_size=50M
join_buffer_size=8M
query_cache_size=1024M
thread_concurrency=16 #CPU核数 * 2
#
# * Security Features
#
# Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!
# chroot = /var/lib/mysql/
#
# For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca".
#
# ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem
# ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
# ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem

#
# * Galera-related settings
#
[galera]
# Mandatory settings
#wsrep_on=ON
#wsrep_provider=
#wsrep_cluster_address=
#binlog_format=row
#default_storage_engine=InnoDB
#innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
#
# Allow server to accept connections on all interfaces.
#
#bind-address=0.0.0.0
#
# Optional setting
#wsrep_slave_threads=1
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0

[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet      = 16M

[mysql]
#no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completion

[isamchk]
key_buffer              = 16M

#
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
#   The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
!include /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/