Docker安装MySQL 8 for Mac(图文详解)
安装拉取镜像image报错Docker获取镜像报错 docker: Error response from daemon% docker pull mysql:8Error response from daemon: Get https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/library/mysql/manifests/8: EOF解决方案:点击桌面顶栏的 Doc...
写作时间:2020-01-29
Docker: 2.1.0.2, MySQL: 8, MacOS: 10.15.2,
Docker 安装 MySQL
MySQL 是世界上最受欢迎的开源数据库。凭借其可靠性、易用性和性能,MySQL 已成为 Web 应用程序的数据库优先选择。
笔者的环境为MacOS,安装Docker for Mac客户端,请参考SpringBoot之Docker入门。
1. 查看可用的 MySQL 版本
访问 MySQL 镜像库地址:https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql 。
可以通过 Sort by 查看其他版本的 MySQL,默认是最新版本 mysql:latest 。
默认的选择Description标签,需要切换其它版本,点击Tags便签。
此外,我们还可以用 docker search mysql 命令来查看可用版本:
% docker search mysql
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 9073 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS… 3206 [OK]
mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create… 673 [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 67
centurylink/mysql Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link… 61 [OK]
mysql/mysql-cluster Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr… 60
deitch/mysql-backup REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r… 41 [OK]
bitnami/mysql Bitnami MySQL Docker Image 35 [OK]
tutum/mysql Base docker image to run a MySQL database se… 34
schickling/mysql-backup-s3 Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup… 28 [OK]
prom/mysqld-exporter 26 [OK]
linuxserver/mysql A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe… 24
centos/mysql-56-centos7 MySQL 5.6 SQL database server 18
circleci/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 16
mysql/mysql-router MySQL Router provides transparent routing be… 14
2. 拉取 MySQL 镜像
$ docker pull mysql:latest
#拉取8版本的镜像
$ docker pull mysql:8
3. 查看本地镜像
使用以下命令来查看是否已安装了 mysql:
$ docker images
4. 运行容器
% docker run -itd --name docker-mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -v ~/Docker/db/mysql/8.0.9:/var/lib/mysql mysql
参数解析:
-itd
:i
是交互式操作,t
是一个终端,d
指的是在后台运行-p
: 设置端口,--name
: 取名 ,-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456
:-e
指定环境变量, 设置 账号为 root ,密码为 123456.-v ~/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
是将Docker的/var/lib/mysql
文件夹映射到本机的~/Docker/db/mysql/8.0.9
查看进程如下:
% docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e9488be5b71d mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 hours ago Up 7 hours 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp docker-mysql
如果停掉容器,
$ docker stop Container ID or Names
下次启用已经停掉的容器,用下面的命令即可
$ docker start Container ID or Names
比如笔者启动容器docker-mysql
% docker start docker-mysql
docker-mysql
5. 进入容器
% docker exec -it docker-mysql bash
进入容器后,Terminal打头的格式为root@ContainerId
, 比如笔者的
root@0d4a5de80d4d:/#
6. 操作数据库
6.1 登录MySQL
$ mysql -u root -p
root@e9488be5b71d:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.19 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
显示数据库
$ show databases;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.05 sec)
6.2. 创建数据库用户zgpeace
创建数据库用户zgpeace,并把所有权限授权与zgpeace, 退出root用户。
mysql> create user 'zgpeace'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'zgpeace'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
用新创建的用户zgpeace登录。
root@e9488be5b71d:/# mysql -u zgpeace -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.19 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
7. 查看MySQL的配置信息,操作日志
打开一个新的Terminal
7.1 查看MySQL的配置信息
$ docker inspect Container ID or Names
笔者的数据库信息
% docker inspect docker-mysql
[
{
"Id": "e9488be5b71de86078c1e7714e2ac0ce7869d5216f79d40a918e880b8e52a315",
"Created": "2020-01-29T01:47:25.889370883Z",
"Path": "docker-entrypoint.sh",
"Args": [
"mysqld"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
...
},
"Image": "sha256:3a5e53f6328162f8d8bc70131658a721e8e7dcf7495f2fae7cfe4febdbcfefbb",
...
}
]
7.2 查看MySQL的操作日志
$ docker logs Container ID or Names
比如笔者列出容器docker-mysql的关键日志
% docker logs docker-mysql
2020-01-29 01:47:26+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.19-1debian9 started.
2020-01-29 01:47:26+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Switching to dedicated user 'mysql'
2020-01-29 01:47:26+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.19-1debian9 started.
2020-01-29 01:47:27+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Initializing database files
2020-01-29 01:47:31+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Database files initialized
2020-01-29 01:47:31+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Starting temporary server
2020-01-29 01:47:36+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Stopping temporary server
2020-01-29 01:47:38+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Temporary server stopped
2020-01-29 01:47:38+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: MySQL init process done. Ready for start up.
8. 踩坑填坑简历如下
如果是新电脑,一路走得很顺。笔者遇到坎坷历程如下:
8.1 拉取镜像image报错
Docker获取镜像报错 docker: Error response from daemon
% docker pull mysql:8
Error response from daemon: Get https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/library/mysql/manifests/8: EOF
解决方案:
点击桌面顶栏的 Docker 图标 > 选择 Preferences > 在 Daemon 标签下的 Registry mirrors 列表中加入下面的镜像地址:
http://141e5461.m.daocloud.io
点击 Apply & Restart
按钮使设置生效。
8.2 加载镜像image到Container报错:显示端口3306已经被暂用
% docker run -itd --name mysql-test -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
105a2534d6e2ea7deecb051092a239b1c6789e112e7605b94895cdc88194924b
docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint mysql-test (bfee7cfce6761d115797dbe0077495c1a5b30afa2f1e8a9c9abfc429d19956db):
Error starting userland proxy: listen tcp 0.0.0.0:3306: bind: address already in use.
尝试查找占用端口3306的进程,并杀掉该进程。
查找暂用端口3306的进程<PID>
// sudo lsof -i :port
sudo lsof -i :3306
杀掉该进程<PID>
sudo kill -9 <PID>
发现可以杀掉该进程,但是又启用了新的进程暂用端口3306. Root Cause是因为笔者本地安装了MySQL。
解决方法:左上角苹果标识 > System Preferences > 最下面一行 MySQL > Instances > Stop MySQL Server. 关闭以后的截图如下:
启动Container成功
% docker run -itd --name docker-mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
e9488be5b71de86078c1e7714e2ac0ce7869d5216f79d40a918e880b8e52a315
9. 参考
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000016083023
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3855127/find-and-kill-process-locking-port-3000-on-mac/59962930#59962930
https://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-install-mysql.html
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