我们使用二进制通用包安装mysql，这个类似于windows下的绿色软件，解压后配置即可使用，下载地址:

https://edelivery.oracle.com/EPD/Search/handle_go

MySQL Database 5.6.20 TAR for Generic Linux (glibc2.5) x86 (64bit)

V46615-01

301M

2.将二进制mysql安装文件解压到/usr/local下，这里使用软连接为mysql

[root@mysql1 soft]tar xvf mysql-advanced-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@mysql1 local]ln -sv mysql-advanced-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
[root@mysql1 local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@mysql1 local]# ls -l
total 64
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 20465 Aug 16 20:21 1
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Jun 28  2011 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Jun 28  2011 etc
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Jun 28  2011 games
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Jun 28  2011 include
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Jun 28  2011 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Jun 28  2011 lib64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Jun 28  2011 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root    43 Aug 17 18:25 mysql -> mysql-advanced-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root  4096 Aug 17 18:37 mysql-advanced-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Jun 28  2011 sbin
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root  4096 Aug 16 19:14 share
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Jun 28  2011 src

3.添加mysql用户和组，如果已经存在可以跳过这一步

[root@mysql1 local]groupadd -r -g 306 mysql           #-r表示是伪用户，只是用来运行mysql程序，不能登录系统
[root@mysql1 local]useradd -g 306  -r  -u 306 mysql

4.将安装文件的所属设置为mysql，这里将数据文件目录设置到/mydata/data下

[root@mysql1 mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/*
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata

5.初始化mysql

[root@mysql1 mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/

6.在support-files目录中将mysql.server复制到/etc/init.d中的mysqld中，创建初始化进程，并且加到服务中

[root@mysql1 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@mysql1 mysql]# ls -l /etc/init.d/mysqld 
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10880 Aug 17 18:52 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chkconfig --list |grep mysqld
mysqld         	0:off	1:off	2:on	3:on	4:on	5:on	6:off

7.配置mysql的配置文件

mysql的配置文件寻找顺序为/etc/my.cnf -> /etc/mysql/my.cnf -> $BASEDIR/my.cnf -> ~/my.cnf
如果存在多个配置文件，那么后者覆盖前者，主要加上datadir为数据文件目录位置
[root@mysql1 support-files]# grep -v '^#' /etc/my.cnf 

[mysqld]

basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /mydata/data
port = 3306

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 

8.启动进入mysql

[root@mysql1 support-files]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.                                            [  OK  ]
[root@mysql1 support-files]# netstat -tnlp 
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1224/rpcbind        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1567/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1439/cupsd          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1781/master         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:49830               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1347/rpc.statd      
tcp        0      0 :::111                      :::*                        LISTEN      1224/rpcbind        
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      1567/sshd           
tcp        0      0 ::1:631                     :::*                        LISTEN      1439/cupsd          
tcp        0      0 ::1:25                      :::*                        LISTEN      1781/master         
tcp        0      0 :::58044                    :::*                        LISTEN      1347/rpc.statd      
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      3899/mysqld  

这里还需要将mysql的环境变量加到profile文件中

[root@mysql1 ~]# grep PATH .bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export PATH

可以进入mysql了

[root@mysql1 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.20-enterprise-commercial-advanced MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

9.还有一些小配置

一、添加mysql的man帮助文档

修改/etc/man.conf，加入相应的配置，添加一行

MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man

[root@mysql1 data]# vi /etc/man.config

二、添加mysql的库文件

[root@mysql1 data]# cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d
[root@mysql1 ld.so.conf.d]# ls
atlas-x86_64.conf  ctapi-x86_64.conf  kernel-2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64.conf  qt-x86_64.conf
[root@mysql1 ld.so.conf.d]# vi  /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib

[root@mysql1 ld.so.conf.d]# ldconfig -v

使库文件生效
三、添加mysql的头文件

[root@mysql1 ld.so.conf.d]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include  /usr/include/mysql
`/usr/include/mysql/include' -> `/usr/local/mysql/include'