Docker(二十)--Docker k8s--Kubernetes存储--Configmap配置管理
Kubernetes存储1. Configmap配置管理2. 如何使用configmap1. Configmap配置管理-Configmap用于保存配置数据,以键值对形式存储。configMap 资源提供了向 Pod 注入配置数据的方法。旨在让镜像和配置文件解耦,以便实现镜像的可移植性和可复用性。典型的使用场景:1.填充环境变量的值2.设置容器内的命令行参数3.填充卷的配置文件- 创建Config
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Kubernetes存储
1. 环境的清理
##删除namespace
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl get ns ##查看所有namespace,并删除
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete pod --all -n demo --force ##先删除里面pod在删除ns会快一点
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete ns demo
##删除pod
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete pod --all -n test --force
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete ns test
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete pod nginx --force
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete deployments.apps deployment
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete pod demo --force
##删除服务
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl get svc
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete svc nginx-svc
##删除ingress服务
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete ingress ingress-demo
## 删除网络策略
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl delete networkpolicies. --all
2. Configmap配置管理
- Configmap用于保存配置数据,以键值对形式存储。
configMap 资源提供了向 Pod 注入配置数据的方法。
旨在让镜像和配置文件解耦,以便实现镜像的可移植性和可复用性。
典型的使用场景:
1.填充环境变量的值
2.设置容器内的命令行参数
3.填充卷的配置文件 ##使用较多
- 创建ConfigMap的方式有4种:
1.使用字面值创建
2.使用文件创建
3.使用目录创建
4.编写configmap的yaml文件创建
- 1.使用字面值创建
$ kubectl create configmap my-config --from-literal=key1=config1 --from-literal=key2=config2
- 2.使用文件创建
$ kubectl create configmap my-config-2 --from-file=/etc/resolv.conf
key的名称是文件名称,value的值是这个文件的内容
- 3.使用目录创建
$ kubectl create configmap my-config-3 --from-file=test
目录中的文件名为key,文件内容是value
- 4.编写configmap的yaml文件
$ vim cm1.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: cm1-config
data:
db_host: "172.25.0.250"
db_port: "3306"
$ kubectl create -f cm1.yaml
2.1 使用字面值创建
[root@server2 ingress]# kubectl get cm
[root@server2 ~]# kubectl create configmap my-config --from-literal=key1=config1 --from-literal=key2=config2
[root@server2 ~]# kubectl describe cm my-config
2.2.使用文件创建
[root@server2 ~]# kubectl create configmap my-config-2 --from-file=/etc/resolv.conf
[root@server2 ~]# kubectl describe cm my-config-2
2.3 3.使用目录创建
[root@server2 ~]# mkdir congfigmap
[root@server2 ~]# cd congfigmap/
[root@server2 congfigmap]# mkdir test
[root@server2 congfigmap]# cp /etc/resolv.conf test/
[root@server2 congfigmap]# ll test/
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 28 Feb 24 16:16 resolv.conf
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl create configmap my-config-3 --from-file=test
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl describe cm my-config-3
2.4.编写configmap的yaml文件
[root@server2 congfigmap]# vim cm1.yaml
[root@server2 congfigmap]# cat cm1.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: cm1-config
data:
db_host: "172.25.13.250"
db_port: "3306"
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f cm1.yaml ##应用
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl describe cm cm1-config ##描述详细信息
3. 如何使用configmap
- 如何使用configmap:
1.通过环境变量的方式直接传递给pod
2.通过在pod的命令行下运行的方式
3.作为volume的方式挂载到pod内 ##此方式最常用
3.1 使用configmap设置环境变量
[root@server2 congfigmap]# vim pod1.yaml
[root@server2 congfigmap]# cat pod1.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod1
spec:
containers:
- name: pod1
image: busyboxplus
command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "env"]
env:
- name: key1
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: cm1-config
key: db_host
- name: key2
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: cm1-config
key: db_port
restartPolicy: Never
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod1.yaml
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod1 0/1 Completed 0 8s
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl logs pod1 ##查看日志是否有cm1-config信息
key1=172.25.13.250
key2=3306
3.2 使用conigmap设置命令行参数
[root@server2 congfigmap]#
[root@server2 congfigmap]# vim pod2.yaml
[root@server2 congfigmap]# cat pod2.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod2
spec:
containers:
- name: pod2
image: busyboxplus
command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $(db_host) $(db_port)"]
envFrom:
- configMapRef:
name: cm1-config
restartPolicy: Never
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod2.yaml
pod/pod2 created
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod1 0/1 Completed 0 4m9s
pod2 0/1 Completed 0 9s
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl logs pod2
172.25.13.250 3306
3.3 通过数据卷使用configmap
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod2.yaml
pod/pod2 created
[root@server2 congfigmap]# cat pod2.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod2
spec:
containers:
- name: pod2
image: busyboxplus
command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "cat /config/db_host"]
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /config
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:
name: cm1-config
restartPolicy: Never
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod1 0/1 Completed 0 15m
pod2 0/1 Completed 0 36s
pod3 1/1 Running 0 8m2s
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl logs pod2
172.25.13.250[root@server2 congfigmap]#
3.4 configmap热更新(使用数据卷)
## 1. 配置并查看数据卷内容
[root@server2 congfigmap]# vim pod3.yaml
[root@server2 congfigmap]# cat pod3.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod3
spec:
containers:
- name: pod3
image: busyboxplus
stdin: true
tty: true
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /config
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:
name: cm1-config
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod3.yaml
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl attach pod3 -it ##进入pod3并查看数据卷内容
/ # cd /config/
/config # cat *
172.25.13.2503306/config #
## 2. 准备热更新
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl edit cm cm1-config ##编辑文件内容
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod #查看pod3是否运行
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl attach pod3 -it
/ # cd /config/
/config # cat *
172.25.13.1008080/config # ##内容更新成功
## 1. 配置并查看数据卷内容
## 2. 准备热更新
3.5 pod滚动更新
- configmap热更新后,并不会触发相关Pod的滚动更新,需要手动触发
[root@server2 congfigmap]# vim demo.yaml
[root@server2 congfigmap]# cat demo.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: demo
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: myapp
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: myapp
spec:
containers:
- name: myapp
image: myapp:v1
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.d
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:
name: nginx-config
[root@server2 congfigmap]# vim www.conf
[root@server2 congfigmap]# cat www.conf
server {
listen 8080; ##此处自己书写的测试文件端口是8080
server_name _;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
[root@server2 congfigmap]# mv www.conf default.conf
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl create configmap nginx-config --from-file=default.conf ##创建cm
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get cm
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl describe cm nginx-config
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f demo.yaml ##创建pod
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
demo-75679c99b4-cq52d 1/1 Running 0 9s
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl describe pod demo-75679c99b4-cq52d ##查看pod的详细信息
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod -o wide ##查看pod详细信息
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
demo-75679c99b4-cq52d 1/1 Running 0 3m52s 10.244.141.198 server3 <none> <none>
[root@server2 congfigmap]# curl 10.244.141.198 ##默认80端口是访问不到的
curl: (7) Failed connect to 10.244.141.198:80; Connection refused
[root@server2 congfigmap]# curl 10.244.141.198:8080 ##使用8080端口访问成功
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl exec -it demo-75679c99b4-cq52d -- sh ##进入终端查看nginx的默认conf文件
3.5.1 pod滚动更新的两种方式
3.5.1.1 使用命令更新(打补丁)
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl edit cm nginx-config ##编辑文件,修改端口号
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl describe cm nginx-config ##查看热更新是否成功
[root@server2 congfigmap]# curl 10.244.141.198:8080 ##发现更新成功后还是只能使用8080进行访问,这是因为pod没有更新
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl exec -it demo-75679c99b4-cq52d -- sh
/ # cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf ##查看配置文件是否是热更新
server {
listen 80;
server_name _;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
/ # netstat -antlp ##查看端口发现还是8080
##实现pod滚动更新
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl patch deployments.apps demo --patch '{"spec": {"template": {"metadata": {"annotations": {"version/config": "2021022401"}}}}}' ##打补丁
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
demo-7f476857fb-8xsmz 1/1 Running 0 8s
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
demo-7f476857fb-8xsmz 1/1 Running 0 55s 10.244.22.5 server4 <none> <none>
[root@server2 congfigmap]# curl 10.244.22.5
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
3.5.1.2 直接删除pod更新
- 适用于有控制器的pod
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl edit cm nginx-config ##把端口在改成8080
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl edit cm nginx-config
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
demo-7f476857fb-8xsmz 1/1 Running 0 6m44s
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl delete pod demo-7f476857fb-8xsmz
[root@server2 congfigmap]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
demo-7f476857fb-w7wbs 1/1 Running 0 77s 10.244.141.199 server3 <none> <none>
[root@server2 congfigmap]# curl 10.244.141.199:8080
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
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