mysql在k8s环境里安装及搭建主从架构
master_host: 这个参数是master的地址,kubernetes提供的解析规则是 pod名称.service名称.命名空间.svc.cluster.local ,所以我们master的mysql地址是 deploy-mysql-master-0.deploy-mysql-master-svc.deploy-test.svc.cluster.local。`user_id` BIGINT
1、环境准备
k8s集群,版本1.27.0
2、搭建nfs服务器
本次用的k8smaster节点作为nfs服务器,因为需要在两个工作节点上连接nfs,所以工作节点上也要安装nfs
yum install -y nfs-utils
我们直接在nfs服务器(k8s-master)当中创建这三个目录并写入 /etc/exports 文件夹中(创建的目录可以修改)
mkdir -p /data/nfs/{mysql-master,mysql-slaver-01,mysql-slaver-02}
cat >> /etc/exports << EOF
/data/nfs/mysql-master *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
/data/nfs/mysql-slaver-01 *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
/data/nfs/mysql-slaver-02 *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
EOF
执行命令启动并验证目录是否暴露成功
systemctl enable --now nfs-server
showmount -e 192.168.15.21
3、安装mysql集群
(1) 创建命名空间
kubectl create namespace mysql
或
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
name: mysql
spec: {}
status: {}
(2) 创建MySQL密码的Secret
创建一个存储了MySQL密码的Secret,我们可以直接使用这行命令生成这个Secret的资源清单文件:
# 注意修改root的密码和命名空间,我的root密码设置为的是qwerty,生成后存入yaml文件执行
kubectl create secret generic hamysql-password --namespace=mysql --from-literal=mysql_root_password=qwerty --dry-run=client -o=yaml
(3) 安装MySQL主节点
创建pv和pvc
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-master-nfs-pv
namespace: mysql
spec:
capacity:
storage: 1Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
nfs:
# 注意修改IP地址和暴露的目录(如果不一样)
server: 192.168.1.160
path: /data/nfs/mysql-master
storageClassName: "nfs"
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-master-nfs-pvc
namespace: mysql
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
storageClassName: "nfs"
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
volumeName: deploy-mysql-master-nfs-pv
创建pv和pvc kubectl apply -f xxx
kubectl get pv,pvc -n mysql
写一个my.cnf文件
[mysqld]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
secure-file-priv = /var/lib/mysql-files
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
user = mysql
secure-file-priv = NULL
server-id = 1
log-bin = master-bin
log_bin_index = master-bin.index
binlog_do_db =wvg_user
binlog_ignore_db = information_schema
binlog_ignore_db = mysql
binlog_ignore_db = performance_schema
binlog_ignore_db = sys
binlog-format = ROW
[client]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
注意几个配置
# server id,要注意多个mysql节点唯一
server-id = 1
# 生成的logbin的文件名
log-bin = master-bin
log_bin_index = master-bin.index
# 同步哪个数据库,这里我们为了测试之同步wvg_user这个数据库,写*/不写就是所有都同步
binlog_do_db = wvg_user
# 排除哪个数据库,可以写多行,排除的数据库不会被主从同步,这里写上mysql自带的几个数据库
binlog_ignore_db = information_schema
... # 还有几行省略
# binlog的格式
binlog-format = ROW
接下来将创建一个ConfigMap来存储这个配置文件。可以使用以下配置生成yaml资源清单文件内容:
kubectl create configmap mysql-master-cm -n mysql --from-file=my.cnf --dry-run=client -o yaml
部署mysql主节点
apiVersion: v1
data:
my.cnf: |
[mysqld]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
secure-file-priv = /var/lib/mysql-files
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
user = mysql
secure-file-priv = NULL
server-id = 1
log-bin = master-bin
log_bin_index = master-bin.index
binlog_do_db = wvg_user
binlog_ignore_db = information_schema
binlog_ignore_db = mysql
binlog_ignore_db = performance_schema
binlog_ignore_db = sys
binlog-format = ROW
[client]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: mysql-master-cm
namespace: mysql
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-master-svc
namespace: mysql
labels:
app: mysql-master
spec:
ports:
- port: 3306
name: mysql
targetPort: 3306
nodePort: 30306
selector:
app: mysql-master
type: NodePort
sessionAffinity: ClientIP
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-master
namespace: mysql
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mysql-master
serviceName: "deploy-mysql-master-svc"
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mysql-master
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
containers:
- args:
- --character-set-server=utf8mb4
- --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
- --lower_case_table_names=1
- --default-time_zone=+8:00
name: mysql
image: docker.io/library/mysql:8.0.34
ports:
- containerPort: 3306
name: mysql
volumeMounts:
- name: mysql-data
mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
- name: mysql-conf
mountPath: /etc/my.cnf
readOnly: true
subPath: my.cnf
env:
- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: mysql_root_password
name: mysql-password
volumes:
- name: mysql-data
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: deploy-mysql-master-nfs-pvc
- name: mysql-conf
configMap:
name: mysql-master-cm
items:
- key: my.cnf
mode: 0644
path: my.cnf
部署这个文件 kubectl apply -f mysql-master.yaml
(4) 安装mysql两个从节点
创建pv和pvc
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-slave-01-nfs-pv
namespace: mysql
spec:
capacity:
storage: 1Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
nfs:
server: 192.168.15.21
path: /data/nfs/mysql-slaver-01
storageClassName: "nfs"
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-slave-01-nfs-pvc
namespace: mysql
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
storageClassName: "nfs"
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
volumeName: deploy-mysql-slave-01-nfs-pv
第一个从节点的配置文件
[mysqld]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
secure-file-priv = /var/lib/mysql-files
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
user = mysql
secure-file-priv = NULL
server-id = 2
log-bin = slave-bin
relay-log = slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index
[client]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
创建configmap
kubectl create configmap mysql-slave-01-cm -n mysql --from-file=my.cnf --dry-run=client -o yaml
创建从节点yaml文件
apiVersion: v1
data:
my.cnf: |
[mysqld]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
secure-file-priv = /var/lib/mysql-files
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
user = mysql
secure-file-priv = NULL
server-id = 2
log-bin = slave-bin
relay-log = slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index
[client]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: mysql-slave-01-cm
namespace: mysql
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-slave-svc
namespace: mysql
labels:
app: mysql-slave
spec:
ports:
- port: 3306
name: mysql
targetPort: 3306
nodePort: 30308
selector:
app: mysql-slave
type: NodePort
sessionAffinity: ClientIP
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-slave-01
namespace: mysql
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mysql-slave
serviceName: "deploy-mysql-slave-svc"
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mysql-slave
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
containers:
- args:
- --character-set-server=utf8mb4
- --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
- --lower_case_table_names=1
- --default-time_zone=+8:00
name: mysql
image: docker.io/library/mysql:8.0.34
ports:
- containerPort: 3306
name: mysql
volumeMounts:
- name: mysql-data
mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
- name: mysql-conf
mountPath: /etc/my.cnf
readOnly: true
subPath: my.cnf
env:
- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: mysql_root_password
name: mysql-password
volumes:
- name: mysql-data
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: deploy-mysql-slave-01-nfs-pvc
- name: mysql-conf
configMap:
name: mysql-slave-01-cm
items:
- key: my.cnf
mode: 0644
path: my.cnf
第二个pv和pvc
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-slave-02-nfs-pv
namespace: mysql
spec:
capacity:
storage: 1Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
nfs:
server: 192.168.15.21
path: /data/nfs/mysql-slaver-02
storageClassName: "nfs"
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-slave-02-nfs-pvc
namespace: mysql
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
storageClassName: "nfs"
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
volumeName: deploy-mysql-slave-02-nfs-pv
配置文件
[mysqld]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
secure-file-priv = /var/lib/mysql-files
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
user = mysql
secure-file-priv = NULL
server-id = 3
log-bin = slave-bin
relay-log = slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index
[client]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
configmap
kubectl create configmap mysql-slave-02-cm -n deploy-test --from-file=my.cnf --dry-run=client -o yaml
安装mysql2
apiVersion: v1
data:
my.cnf: |
[mysqld]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
secure-file-priv = /var/lib/mysql-files
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
user = mysql
secure-file-priv = NULL
server-id = 3
log-bin = slave-bin
relay-log = slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index
[client]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: mysql-slave-02-cm
namespace: mysql
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: deploy-mysql-slave-02
namespace: mysql
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mysql-slave-02
serviceName: "deploy-mysql-slave-svc"
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mysql-slave-02
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
containers:
- args:
- --character-set-server=utf8mb4
- --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
- --lower_case_table_names=1
- --default-time_zone=+8:00
name: mysql
image: docker.io/library/mysql:8.0.34
ports:
- containerPort: 3306
name: mysql
volumeMounts:
- name: mysql-data
mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
- name: mysql-conf
mountPath: /etc/my.cnf
readOnly: true
subPath: my.cnf
env:
- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
key: mysql_root_password
name: mysql-password
volumes:
- name: mysql-data
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: deploy-mysql-slave-02-nfs-pvc
- name: mysql-conf
configMap:
name: mysql-slave-02-cm
items:
- key: my.cnf
mode: 0644
path: my.cnf
4、搭建主从集群并验证
kubectl exec -itn mysql pod/deploy-mysql-master-0 -- mysql -uroot -p qwerty
show master status;
来到子节点执行以下命令
change master to master_host='deploy-mysql-master-0.deploy-mysql-master-svc.deploy-test.svc.cluster.local', master_port=3306, master_user='root', master_password='root', master_log_file='master-bin.000003', master_log_pos=157, master_connect_retry=30, get_master_public_key=1;
master_host: 这个参数是master的地址,kubernetes提供的解析规则是 pod名称.service名称.命名空间.svc.cluster.local ,所以我们master的mysql地址是 deploy-mysql-master-0.deploy-mysql-master-svc.deploy-test.svc.cluster.local
master_port: 主节点的mysql端口,我们没改默认是3306
master_user: 登录到主节点的mysql用户
master_password: 登录到主节点要用到的密码
master_log_file: 我们之前查看mysql主节点状态时候的 File 字段
master_log_pos: 我们之前查看mysql主节点状态时候的 Position 字段
master_connect_retry: 主节点重连时间
get_master_public_key: 连接主mysql的公钥获取方式
然后 执行
start slave;
show slave status\G 查看状态
测试主从集群
CREATE DATABASE `wvg_user`;
USE `wvg_user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`user_id` BIGINT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户id',
`username` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
`age` TINYINT UNSIGNED DEFAULT 18 COMMENT '年龄',
`gender` TINYINT UNSIGNED DEFAULT 2 COMMENT '性别;0=男,1=女,2=未知'
) COMMENT '用户表';
INSERT INTO `user` (`username`, `age`, `gender`) VALUES ('wvg', '23', '0');
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