单机版hadoop使用docker构建及运行

一、环境：

组件信息

组件 版本
CentOS 7.9.2009
java 1.8.0_161
hadoop 3.1.3
docker 20.10.8

服务配置

机器 服务
node1 datanode
node1 namenode
node1 resourcemanager
node1 nodemanager
node1 secondrynamenode

二、准备镜像

使用最新版本的centOS.

docker pull centos:latest

三、下载软件包

1.下载hadoop,此处使用的是3.1.3版本

2.下载jdk

四、启动容器

由于镜像中不包含wget,也没有预先安装sshd,传统的scp与http方式均无法传输,需要通过bind mount的方式启动镜像,来完成文件传输.

此处使用本机的/export/software目录

docker run -it --name hadoop -v /export/software:/usr/local/software centos:latest

五、安装jdk与hadoop

将软件包放置到/export/software,可以在容器/usr/local/software看到对应安装包

先做一个目录规划.

/usr/local/bigdata/jdk              作为jdk目录
/usr/local/bigdata/hadoop           hadoop的目录 包含jar包 启动脚本 hadoop配置等
/usr/local/bigdata/logs             存放日志,方便查阅 这个后边用hadoop用户创建

解压软件包

## 创建目录并拷贝软件包
mkdir /usr/local/bigdata
cp /usr/local/software /usr/local/bigdata
cd /usr/local/bigdata
## 解压后重命名
tar -zxvf hadoop-3.1.3.tar.gz
tar -zxvf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz
mv hadoop-3.1.3 hadoop
mv jdk1.8.0_281/ jdk
## 清理安装包 减小容器大小
rm -f hadoop-3.1.3.tar.gz 
rm -f jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz

六、安装sshd

hadoop节点间通过ssh操作,默认镜像中并不包含sshd服务,因为需要安装.

yum update

一路Y回车.更新完yum后安装sshd

yum install -y openssl openssh-server
yum install openssh*

一路回车,创建密钥并启动ssh服务

ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-keygen -t dsa
ssh-keygen -t ecdsa
ssh-keygen -t ed25519
cp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 

修改sshd的配置文件

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

修改部分为

### 原内容
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
### 修改为
HostKey /root/.ssh/id_rsa
HostKey /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa
HostKey /root/.ssh/id_ed25519
HostKey /root/.ssh/id_dsa

允许远程登陆

vi /etc/pam.d/sshd
# 使用#注释掉此行
# account    required     pam_nologin.so

启动sshd服务并查看状态

/usr/sbin/sshd
ps -ef | grep sshd

启动成功

root       311     1  0 06:43 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd
root       332     1  0 06:44 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto sshd

七、安装net-tools

yum install net-tools

八、配置环境变量

接上步,root用户

vi ~/.bashrc

替换内容如下

# .bashrc

# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
        . /etc/bashrc
fi

# User specific environment
if ! [[ "$PATH" =~ "$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:" ]]
then
    PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/bigdata/jdk
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

# hadoop env
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/bigdata/hadoop
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH

# Uncomment the following line if you don't like systemctl's auto-paging feature:
# export SYSTEMD_PAGER=

# User specific aliases and functions

:wq保存,更新环境变量

source ~/.bash_profile

接下来更新hadoop配置,首先修改core-site.xml.

cd /usr/local/bigdata/hadoop/etc/hadoop
vi core-site.xml

替换内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://localhost:8020</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

:wq保存,创建日志目录

mkdir /usr/local/bigdata/logs

接下来修改hadoop-env.sh,

rm -f hadoop-env.sh
vi hadoop-env.sh

替换内容如下:

export JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_CONF_DIR:-"/etc/hadoop"}
for f in $HADOOP_HOME/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar; do
  if [ "$HADOOP_CLASSPATH" ]; then
    export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$f
  else
    export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$f
  fi
done
export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=1024
export HADOOP_NAMENODE_INIT_HEAPSIZE=1024
export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"
export HDFS_NAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS"
export HDFS_DATANODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=ERROR,RFAS $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"
export HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_NFS3_OPTS="$HADOOP_NFS3_OPTS"
export HADOOP_PORTMAP_OPTS="-Xmx1024m $HADOOP_PORTMAP_OPTS"
export HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS="-Xmx1024m $HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS"
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=${HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER}
export HADOOP_SECURE_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}/${HADOOP_HDFS_USER}
export HADOOP_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}
export HADOOP_IDENT_STRING=hadoop
export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=/usr/local/bigdata/logs

vi hdfs-site.xml

替换内容如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
        <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.http-address</name>
        <value>HOSTNAME:9870</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

九、初始化namenode

执行下列命令初始化namenode

hdfs namenode  -format

十、启动hadoop

cd /usr/local/bigdata/hadoop/sbin

1、在start-dfs.sh、stop-dfs.sh文件中的上面中添加启动用户

HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=hdfs
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_JOURNALNODE_USER=root
HDFS_ZKFC_USER=root

2、在start-yarn.sh、stop-yarn.sh文件的上面添加启动用户

YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root
HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn
YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root

3、启动

cd /usr/local/bigdata/hadoop/sbin
./start-dfs.sh 
./start-yarn.sh 

jps命令查看,启动成功

1122 SecondaryNameNode
900 DataNode
1399 ResourceManager
1849 Jps
779 NameNode
1517 NodeManager

十一、停止hadoop配置启动脚本

1、停止程序

cd /usr/local/bigdata/hadoop/sbin
./stop-dfs.sh 
./stop-yarn.sh 

2、分别创建core-site.xml.template以及hdfs-site.xml.template

hdfs-site.xml.template

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.http-address</name>
        <value>HOSTNAME:9870</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

core-site.xml.template

  <configuration>
      <property>
          <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
          <value>hdfs://HOSTNAME:9000</value>
      </property>
  </configuration>

3、创建启动脚本

vi /etc/bootstrap.sh

#!/bin/bash
source ~/.bash_profile
source /etc/profile

rm -rf /tmp/*
: ${HADOOP_PREFIX:=/usr/local/bigdata/hadoop}
$HADOOP_PREFIX/bin/hdfs namenode  -format

$HADOOP_PREFIX/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh


# installing libraries if any - (resource urls added comma separated to the ACP system variable)
cd $HADOOP_PREFIX/share/hadoop/common ; for cp in ${ACP//,/ }; do  echo == $cp; curl -LO $cp ; done; cd -

# altering the core-site configuration
sed s/HOSTNAME/$HOSTNAME/ /usr/local/bigdata/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml.template > /usr/local/bigdata/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
sed s/HOSTNAME/$HOSTNAME/ /usr/local/bigdata/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml.template > /usr/local/bigdata/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml


/usr/sbin/sshd
$HADOOP_PREFIX/sbin/start-dfs.sh
$HADOOP_PREFIX/sbin/start-yarn.sh

if [[ $1 == "-d" ]]; then
  while true; do sleep 1000; done
fi

if [[ $1 == "-bash" ]]; then
  /bin/bash
fi

十二、容器导出为镜像

到目前位置hadoop的安装配置启动就完成了,后面需要将这个容器导出为镜像,然后从这个镜像启动多个容器实例来搭建单机集群

docker export hadoop > hadoop.tar

导入成镜像

docker import hadoop.tar hadoop:3.1.3

十三、运行容器查看启动情况

1、运行

docker run --name hadoop3.1.3 -i -t -p 8020:8020 -p 9870:9870 -p 8088:8088 -p 8040:8040 -p 8042:8042 -p 49707:49707 -p 50010:50010 -p 50075:50075 -p 50090:50090 hadoop3.1.3 /etc/bootstrap.sh -bash

2、进入容器查看启动情况

docker exec -it hadoop3.1.3 bash

jps

1041 NodeManager
914 ResourceManager
644 SecondaryNameNode
1431 Jps
408 DataNode
269 NameNode

web端访问

宿主机ip:9870

宿主机ip:8088