安装nginx

docker pull nginx

创建并启动容器

# /usr/share/nginx/html：部署网站的根目录
# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf：nginx配置文件
# /etc/nginx/cert：证书存放目录
docker run -p 443:443 --name nginx443 -v /usr/local/docker/nginx443/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v /usr/local/docker/nginx443/logs:/var/log/nginx -v /usr/local/docker/nginx443/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /usr/local/docker/nginx443/conf/cert:/etc/nginx/cert -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime -d nginx

删除/usr/local/docker/nginx443/conf/nginx.conf文件夹，创建一个nginx.conf配置文件，内容如下：

worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
	
	ssl on;
    ssl_session_cache   shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_timeout 10m;
 
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/www.xxx.com.pem;     		#证书路径
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/www.xxx.com.key; 		#请求认证 key 的路径

	server {
		listen	443;   #监听端口，ssl默认443端口。如果需要配置多个端口，可以继续添加server，用不同的端口就行
		server_name  www.xxx.com;   #服务器域名，需要和申请的证书匹配
		
		location / {
			root  /usr/share/nginx/html;  #网站根目录，和容器创建时指定的位置一致
			index index.html index.htm;
		}
	}
}

重启nginx容器

docker restart nginx443

至此配置完成，可以在/usr/local/docker/nginx443/html目录下创建一个index.html,随便写一个内容，访问一下是否成功即可