我先安装了opencv-python

然后为了查看源码安装了opencv，再去import cv2的时候发现了这个问题

>>python
Python 3.6.5 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Mar 29 2018, 13:32:41) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
['', 'E:/software/anaconda3/Lib/site-packages/cv2\\python-3.6', 'E:\\software\\anaconda3\\python36.zip', 'E:\\software\\anaconda3\\DLLs', 'E:\\software\\anaconda3\\lib', 'E:\\software\\anaconda3', 'E:\\software\\anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages', 'E:\\software\\anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\win32', 'E:\\software\\anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\win32\\lib', 'E:\\software\\anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\Pythonwin']
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "E:\software\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\cv2\__init__.py", line 89, in <module>
    bootstrap()
  File "E:\software\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\cv2\__init__.py", line 79, in bootstrap
    import cv2
  File "E:\software\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\cv2\__init__.py", line 89, in <module>
    bootstrap()
  File "E:\software\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\cv2\__init__.py", line 23, in bootstrap
    raise ImportError('ERROR: recursion is detected during loading of "cv2" binary extensions. Check OpenCV installation.')
ImportError: ERROR: recursion is detected during loading of "cv2" binary extensions. Check OpenCV installation.

个人认为是第二次安装的opencv中也包含了opencv-python的包

发生了冲突，所以我把安装的opencv源码版本从环境变量中去掉，然后重新安装了opencv-pyhton

问题解决。