1.下载

项目环境

cd /data/docker/ubuntu/

mkdir mysql

Dockerfile内容为：

FROM sshd:dockerfile
MAINTAINER from www.csdn.com/wanchaopeng by wanchaopeng (chaopeng16@163.com)
#安装软件 
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive
RUN apt-get update && \
  apt-get -yq install mysql-server-5.6 pwgen && \
  rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# 删除预安装的数据库文件
RUN rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*

# 添加文件夹下的 MYSQL 配置文件
ADD my.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
ADD mysqld_charset.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqld_charset.cnf

# 添加 MYSQL 的脚本
ADD import_sql.sh /import_sql.sh
ADD run.sh /run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /*.sh

# 设置环境变量，用户名以及秘密
ENV MYSQL_USER admin
ENV MYSQL_PASS **Random**

# 设置主从复制模式下的环境变量
ENV REPLICATION_MASTER **False**
ENV REPLICATION_SLAVE **False**
ENV REPLICATION_USER replica
ENV REPLICATION_PASS replica

# 设置可以允许挂载的卷，可以用来备份数据库和配置文件
VOLUME  ["/etc/mysql", "/var/lib/mysql"]

# 设置可以映射的端口，如果是从我们的 sshd 镜像继承的话，默认还会开启 22 端口
EXPOSE 3306
CMD ["/run.sh"]

2. 创建镜像

docker build -t mysql:ubuntu .

3. 使用镜像

使用默认方式启动后台容器，不添加环境变量，并使用-P 参数自动映射22和3306端口

docker run -d -P mysql:ubuntu

检查

[root@ybsrv1 /data/docker/ubuntu/mysql]# docker ps 
c2626bae59fc        mysql:ubuntu        "/run.sh"           2 hours ago         Up 2 hours          0.0.0.0:32817->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:32816->3306/tcp   reverent_fermat 

通过ssh登陆docker容器

ssh 127.0.0.1 -p 32817

使用mysql直接登陆

查看admin账号的密码

[root@ybsrv1 /data/docker/ubuntu/mysql]# docker logs c262
=> An empty or uninitialized MySQL volume is detected in /var/lib/mysql
=> Installing MySQL ...
=> Done!
=> Creating admin user ...
=> Waiting for confirmation of MySQL service startup, trying 0/13 ...
=> Creating MySQL user admin with random password
=> Done!
========================================================================
You can now connect to this MySQL Server using:

    mysql -uadmin -pHNotI6if75YX -h<host> -P<port>

Please remember to change the above password as soon as possible!
MySQL user 'root' has no password but only allows local connections
========================================================================
190507 03:30:51 mysqld_safe Can't log to error log and syslog at the same time.  Remove all --log-error configuration options for --syslog to take effect.
190507 03:30:51 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysql/error.log'.
190507 03:30:51 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

密码是：HNotI6if75YX

4. 指定admin账号用户名和密码

docker run -d -P -e MYSQL_PASS="mmxcard" mysql:ubuntu

5. 挂载目录到容器

docker run -d -P -v /opt/mysqldb:/var/lib/mysql mysql:ubuntu

本地的/opt/mysqldb存放/var/lib/mysql

6. 启动主动模式

主从可以为数据库提供更好的可靠性

创建一个mysql的主容器

docker run -d -e REPLICATION_MASTER=true -P --name mysql mysql:ubuntu

创建一个mysql从容器

docker run -d -e REPLICATION_SLAVE=true -P --link mysql:mysql mysql:ubuntu

主容器必须是mysql

7. 使用docker-compose 启动docker容器

vim docker-compose.yaml

#
version: '2'
services:
  mysql:
    image: mysql:5.7
    container_name: mysql
    ports:
    - 8706:3306
    restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: sa
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
      - /u01/mysql/datadir:/var/lib/mysql
      - /u01/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf

完成！！！