Linux通过Nginx配置SSL实现服务器/客户端双向认证(详细)
1.下载tar.gz格式jdk并配置环境变量(已配置jdk环境的可以忽略第一步) 解压jdk压缩包到opt目录下:tar zxvf /opt/jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/ 配置环境变量: 通过vi命令编辑profile文件vi /etc/profile 按键i开启编辑模式,在文件最后添加:export JA...
1.下载tar.gz格式jdk并配置环境变量(已配置jdk环境的可以忽略第一步)
解压jdk压缩包到opt目录下:
tar zxvf /opt/jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/
配置环境变量:
通过vi命令编辑profile文件
vi /etc/profile
按键i开启编辑模式,在文件最后添加:
export JAVA_HOME="/opt/jdk1.8.0_144"
export PATH="$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH"
其中jdk1.8.0_144为jdk加压后的文件夹,修改完成后,esc键返回命令模式,输入:x保存并退出。
java -version
显示jdk版本,则配置成功。
备注:tomcat下载后解压即可,无需配置环境变量。
2.安装openssl
yum install openssl
3.配置yun源并安装nginx(centos不支持yum 安装 nginx,所以需要配置一下)
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
增加如下配置:
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
其中"7"代表CentOS7,"x86_64"代表系统架构。
安装nginx:
yum install nginx
4.生成nginx证书
创建证书文件夹,依次输入如下命令:
cd /etc/nginx
sudo mkdir ca
cd ca
sudo mkdir newcerts private conf server users
conf目录新建openssl.conf文件:
vi /etc/nginx/ca/conf/openssl.conf
增加如下配置:
[ ca ]
default_ca = myserver
[ myserver ]
dir = /etc/nginx/ca
database = /etc/nginx/ca/index.txt
new_certs_dir = /etc/nginx/ca/newcerts
certificate = /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.crt
serial = /etc/nginx/ca/serial
private_key = /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.key
RANDFILE = /etc/nginx/ca/private/.rand
default_days = 3650
default_crl_days = 3650
default_md = sha256
unique_subject = no
policy = policy_any
[ policy_any ]
countryName = match
stateOrProvinceName = match
organizationName = match
localityName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional
private目录创建根证书
生成私钥key文件:
sudo openssl genrsa -out /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.key 2048
生成根证书请求csr文件:
sudo openssl req -new -key /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.key -out private/ca.csr
生成凭证crt文件:
sudo openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.csr -signkey /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.key -out /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.crt
设置key起始序列号:
sudo echo FACE > /etc/nginx/ca/serial
创建CA键库:
sudo touch /etc/nginx/ca/index.txt
为 “用户证书” 的移除创建一个证书吊销列表:
sudo openssl ca -gencrl -out /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.crl -crldays 7 -config "/etc/nginx/ca/conf/openssl.conf"
server目录创建服务器证书
生成私钥key文件:
sudo openssl genrsa -out /etc/nginx/ca/server/server.key 2048
生成证书请求csr文件:
sudo openssl req -new -key /etc/nginx/ca/server/server.key -out /etc/nginx/ca/server/server.csr
生成凭证crt文件:
sudo openssl ca -in /etc/nginx/ca/server/server.csr -cert /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.crt -keyfile /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.key -out /etc/nginx/ca/server/server.crt -config "/etc/nginx/ca/conf/openssl.conf"
users目录创建客户端证书
生成私钥key文件:
sudo openssl genrsa -des3 -out /etc/nginx/ca/users/client.key 2048
生成证书请求csr文件:
sudo openssl req -new -key /etc/nginx/ca/users/client.key -out /etc/nginx/ca/users/client.csr
生成凭证crt文件:
sudo openssl ca -in /etc/nginx/ca/users/client.csr -cert /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.crt -keyfile /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.key -out /etc/nginx/ca/users/client.crt -config "/etc/nginx/ca/conf/openssl.conf"
5.修改Nginx配置文件nginx.conf
user root;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
#pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 120;
#gzip on;
client_max_body_size 120m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;
open_file_cache max=8192 inactive=20s;
open_file_cache_min_uses 1;
open_file_cache_valid 30s;
upstream tomcat_server {
server 192.168.1.220:8080 fail_timeout=0;
}
server {
listen 443;
server_name 192.168.1.220;
ssi on;
ssi_silent_errors on;
ssi_types text/shtml;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ca/server/server.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ca/server/server.key;
ssl_client_certificate /etc/nginx/ca/private/ca.crt;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_verify_client on;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
charset utf-8;
access_log logs/host.access.log main;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location = /favicon.ico {
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
expires 90d;
}
location / {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
include proxy.conf;
}
}
#include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
备注:upstream tomcat_server中的server修改为nginx转发服务器的ip地址及端口号,server中server_name为nginx所在服务器ip,此处配置ssl安全认证,故采用https默认端口号443,另外安装nginx后,若根目录没有logs文件夹,可手动创建,否则启动nginx会提示找不到logs文件夹错误。
6.Nginx代理文件配置
编辑nginx的proxy.conf文件:
vi /etc/nginx/proxy.conf
添加如下配置:
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_connect_timeout 60;
proxy_read_timeout 600;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header X-SSL-Client-Cert $ssl_client_cert;
proxy_set_header X-SSL-DN $ssl_client_s_dn;
7.修改Tomcat配置文件server.xml
<!-- proxyName:双向认证服务器地址,如映射外网地址,则为外网地址 -->
<!-- proxyPort:双向认证服务端口,与Nginx配置文件中server节listen端口相同,如映射外网地址,则为外网端口 -->
<!-- scheme:双向认证服务器协议类型,此处为https -->
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443"
scheme="https"
proxyName="192.168.1.220"
proxyPort="443" />
至此已配置结束,接下来我们测试一下:
8.启动Tomcat和Nginx服务
启动tomcat服务:
opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.20/bin/startup.sh
打印启动日志:
tail -f opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.20/logs/catalina.out
启动nginx服务:
nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
9.测试https请求
把客户端证书.crt转化为Windows可安装的.p12格式
sudo openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in /etc/nginx/ca/users/client.crt -inkey /etc/nginx/ca/users/client.key -out /etc/nginx/ca/users/client.p12
生成后把.p12格式的证书拷贝到windows系统上安装,重启浏览器访问https请求,例如:https://192.168.1.220:443,选择刚安装的证书,能显示tomcat或者应用首页则安装成功。
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