SUSE版本为11.4

1. 下载与安装

1.1 download
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

下载文件如下,这里下载的是社区版本，以下命令，如无特别说明，均为root用户在家目录下操作的：
db2a:~ # ls mysql*
mysql-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

1.2 Linux安装指引
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-rpm.html

db2a:~ # tar -xvf mysql-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-test-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
db2a:~ # zypper install mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*

对于Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle Linux, CentOS, 和 Fedora，需要把zypper换成yum

2. 启动与停止mysql服务

安装完成之后，不会自动启动mysql服务，对于Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle Linux, CentOS, 和 Fedora，服务名为mysqld:
service mysqld start

对于SLES命令如下：
db2a:~ # service mysql start
Starting service MySQL:            done
db2a:~ # service mysql status
Checking for service MySQL:        running
db2a:~ # netstat -an | grep -i 3306
tcp        0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN 

第一次启动时，MySQL会生成一个超级账户'root'@'localhost'，它的临时密码放到mysql错误日志里，对于Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle Linux, CentOS, 和 Fedora，查询方式如下
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

对于SLES，查询命令如下，注意，最后的逗号也是密码的一部分：
db2a:~ # grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
2017-07-23T15:22:23.397239Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost:thu1w+/XKf.,

使用刚刚得到的临时密码登录并修改密码为qingsong
db2a:~ # mysql -u root -p
Enter password:  <--这里输入thu1w+/XKf.,
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.19

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'qingsong';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'qingsong';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF   |
| validate_password_dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password_length             | 4     |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password_number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password_policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

停止MySQL服务：
db2a:~ # service mysql stop
Shutting down service MySQL:             done
db2a:~ # service mysql status
Checking for service MySQL:              unused

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html

http://www.2cto.com/database/201310/250287.html