Jenkins+Git持续集成Python项目并邮件发送构建结果

一、Jenkins的安装

1、安装Java11 64位，https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/jdk11-archive-downloads.html；

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2、安装Git，https://git-scm.com/downloads/；

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3、安装Python，https://www.python.org/downloads/；

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4、安装Jenkins，https://www.jenkins.io/download/，以下为Jenkins 2.357安装为例；

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5、修改JENKINS_HOME位置（建议，非必要步骤）；

1)打开任务管理器-服务，找到Jenkins服务，右击停止；
image-20220706231358801
2)编辑C:\Program Files\Jenkins\jenkins.xml配置文件，将JENKINS_HOME属性修改为D:\JenkinsHome并保存；
<env name="JENKINS_HOME" value="D:\JenkinsHome"/>
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3)重新启动Jenkins服务；
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二、Jenkins初始化

1、使用浏览器以IP+端口形式打开Jenkins，首次打开请等待加载完成自动跳转；

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2、查看本机该文件内容，将解锁密码粘贴至输入框；

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3、安装推荐的插件，此过程可能耗时较长，需要考虑网络因素（约10分钟左右）；

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4、创建管理员账号；

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5、配置Jenkins URL；

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6、重启；

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三、Jenkins插件安装和系统配置

1、登录Jenkins；

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2、安装一些必要插件；

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1)可选插件搜索安装Build Timestamp插件（这个插件在后面发送构建邮件中需要使用到时间戳变量）；
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2)Git、Email Extension Plugin插件在安装推荐插件的时候已经帮我们安装过了，如果未安装手动搜索进行安装；

3、系统配置

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1)配置系统管理员邮件地址（Jenkins全局邮件地址）；
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2)配置邮件服务器和登录信息；
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四、新建构建任务

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1)新建任务（自由风格）；
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2)源码管理，这里我们选择Git；
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3)构建触发器，有多种触发器可选，一般我们用到定时触发和代码变更触发；
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4)构建步骤；
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5)添加构建后操作，发送构建结果邮件；
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邮件主题模板（复制即可）：

项目<${PROJECT_NAME}>#${BUILD_NUMBER}构建情况 - ${BUILD_STATUS}

邮件正文模板（复制即可）：

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<body class="typora-export os-windows" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: auto; inset: 0px; font-size: 1rem; overflow-x: hidden; background: inherit; tab-size: 4; font-family: 'Open Sans','Clear Sans','Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 1.6; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 30px;"><div class="typora-export-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;">
<div id="write" class style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; width: inherit; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; white-space: normal; overflow-x: visible; max-width: 860px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 20px 30px 40px 30px; padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 100px;"><h1 id="项目构建情况" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; cursor: text; padding-bottom: .3em; font-size: 2.25em; line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; color: black; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">项目&lt;${PROJECT_NAME}&gt;构建情况</span></h1><h4 id="构建结果" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1.25em; color: green; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构建结果</span></h4><h6 id="successful" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1em; color: purple; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">${BUILD_STATUS}</span></h6><h4 id="构建编号" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1.25em; color: green; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构建编号</span></h4><h6 id="4" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1em; color: purple; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">${BUILD_NUMBER}</span></h6><h4 id="构建时间" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1.25em; color: green; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构建时间</span></h4><h6 id="2022-07-07-234847-cst" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1em; color: purple; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">${BUILD_TIMESTAMP}</span></h6><h4 id="构建触发" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1.25em; color: green; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构建触发</span></h4><h6 id="started-by-user-zhaoyafan" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1em; color: purple; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">${BUILD_CAUSE}</span></h6><h4 id="构建地址" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1.25em; color: green; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构建地址</span></h4><h6 id="http1270018080jobautomation8" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1em; color: purple; width: inherit; position: relative;"><a href="${BUILD_URL}" target="_blank" class="url" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; color: #4183C4; word-break: break-all;">${BUILD_URL}</a></h6><h4 id="构建详情" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4; cursor: text; font-size: 1.25em; color: green; width: inherit; position: relative;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构建详情</span></h4><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; overflow: visible; background: inherit; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 3px; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; padding: 0.2em 1em; padding-top: 8px; padding-bottom: 6px; background-color: #BBF1C4; width: inherit; white-space: normal; position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; height: auto; position: relative; overflow: hidden; background: inherit;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; 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position: absolute; inset: 0px; z-index: 0; background: inherit;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; top: 0px; bottom: 0px; z-index: 4; left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; break-inside: avoid; padding: 0px 4px; border-radius: 0px; border-width: 0px; background: 0px 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; color: inherit; z-index: 2; position: relative; overflow: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: normal; border-right: none; width: inherit; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-right: 0.1px;">${BUILD_LOG}</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 22px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="box-sizing: border-box; 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</body>
</html>
6)点击保存完成设置；

此时构建任务已经创建完成，只要有构建就会发送邮件；

7)手动构建测试；

返回首页，点击”My Views“就能看到我们创建好的构建任务；

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image-20220708131207824
# jenkins # git # ci
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