##############################################
# 基于centos7构建python3运行环境
# 构建命令: 在Dockerfile文件目录下执行 docker build -f python3.Dockerfile -t python3:v1.0.0 .
##############################################
FROM centos:7.6.1810
MAINTAINER kaikai # 指定作者信息
RUN set -ex \
    # 预安装所需组件
    && yum install -y wget tar libffi-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make initscripts \
    && wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tgz \
    && tar -zxvf Python-3.7.0.tgz \
    && cd Python-3.7.0 \
    && ./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3 \
    && make \
    && make install \
    && make clean \
    && rm -rf /Python-3.7.0* \
    && yum install -y epel-release \
    && yum install -y python-pip
# 设置默认为python3
RUN set -ex \
    # 备份旧版本python
    && mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python27 \
    && mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip27 \
    # 配置默认为python3
    && ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python \
    && ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
# 修复因修改python版本导致yum失效问题
RUN set -ex \
    && sed -i "s#/usr/bin/python#/usr/bin/python2.7#" /usr/bin/yum \
    && sed -i "s#/usr/bin/python#/usr/bin/python2.7#" /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down \
    && yum install -y deltarpm
# 基础环境配置
RUN set -ex \
    # 修改系统时区为东八区
    && rm -rf /etc/localtime \
    && ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime \
    && yum install -y vim \
    # 安装定时任务组件
    && yum -y install cronie
# 支持中文
RUN yum install kde-l10n-Chinese -y
RUN localedef -c -f UTF-8 -i zh_CN zh_CN.utf8
# 更新pip版本
RUN pip install --upgrade pip
ENV LC_ALL zh_CN.UTF-8

镜像构建

docker build -f python3.Dockerfile -t python3:v1.0.0 .

启动镜像测试

 docker run -it --rm --name python3 python3:v1.0.0 /bin/bash