一：

AutoHideIMEFrameLayout.java:

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;

public class AutoHideIMEFrameLayout extends FrameLayout {
    public AutoHideIMEFrameLayout(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }
    public AutoHideIMEFrameLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public AutoHideIMEFrameLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }
    @Override
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            Context context = getContext();
            if (context == null || !(context instanceof Activity)) {
                return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
            }
            Activity activity = (Activity) context;
            View focusView = activity.getCurrentFocus();
            if (focusView != null && shouldHideInputMethod(focusView, ev)) {
                hideInputMethod(focusView);
            }
        }
        return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
    }
    private boolean shouldHideInputMethod(View focusView, MotionEvent event) {
        Rect rect = new Rect();
        focusView.getHitRect(rect);
        return !rect.contains((int) event.getX(), (int) event.getY());
    }
    private void hideInputMethod(View currentFocus) {
        if (currentFocus == null) {
            return;
        }
        InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) currentFocus.getContext().getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
        imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(currentFocus.getWindowToken(), InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS);
    }
}

HideIMEUtil.java:

import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

public class HideIMEUtil {
    public static void wrap(Activity activity) {
        ViewGroup contentParent = (ViewGroup) activity.findViewById(android.R.id.content);
        wrap(contentParent);
    }
    public static void wrap(Fragment fragment) {
        ViewGroup contentParent = (ViewGroup) fragment.getView().getParent();
        if (contentParent!=null){
            wrap(contentParent);
        }
    }
    public static void wrap(ViewGroup contentParent) {
        View content = contentParent.getChildAt(0);
        contentParent.removeView(content);
        ViewGroup.LayoutParams p = content.getLayoutParams();
        AutoHideIMEFrameLayout layout = new AutoHideIMEFrameLayout(content.getContext());
        layout.addView(content);
        contentParent.addView(layout, new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(p.width, p.height));
    }
}

在fragment中，添加一行代码

public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
   this.inflater=inflater;
   this.container=container;
   view =inflater.inflate(R.layout.xxx,container,false);
   HideIMEUtil.wrap(Objects.requireNonNull(getActivity()));//键盘管理，点击除editText外区域收起键盘
}

如此便实现了点击edittext以外的位置，键盘收回。

二：

在这个布局所在的Activity中加一个属性，键盘就会覆盖屏幕：

<activity
   android:name=".MainActivity"
   android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan" />

参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/super_cmf_no1/article/details/53406334