kubeadm+nginx部署k8s高可用集群 Kubernetes 1.18.14

角色	IP地址	主机名
master1/node	192.168.26.150	k8s-01
master2/node	192.168.26.160	k8s-02

在192.168.26.150这台master操作

这里写个脚本
我们用master1机器做ssh免密
快速修改hosts和主机名

##先添加hosts文件
cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF 
192.168.26.150 k8s-01
192.168.26.160 k8s-02
EOF

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install expect ##4台都安装
[root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen ##一顿回车 生成公钥

vim ssh-hosts.sh

#!/bin/bash
##下方ip地址和主机名修改成自己的
##656768是密码也修改成自己的
for i in 192.168.26.150 192.168.26.160 k8s-02;do
expect -c "
spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@$i
    expect {
        \"*yes/no*\" {send \"yes\r\"; exp_continue}
        \"*password*\" {send \"656768\r\"; exp_continue}
        \"*Password*\" {send \"656768\r\";}
    } "
done
for host_name in k8s-02;do
scp /etc/hosts $host_name:/etc/
done

上面的脚本已经同步了hosts文件，下一步修改对应的主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-01 ##先修改自己的主机名

ssh k8s-02  ##第二台
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-02 
exit

回来100节点 ping检查以下是否有误
[root@k8s-01 ~]# ping k8s-01
PING k8s-01 (192.168.26.100) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from k8s-01 (192.168.26.150): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.020 ms

[root@k8s-01 ~]# ping k8s-02
PING k8s-02 (192.168.26.120) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from k8s-02 (192.168.26.160): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.252 ms

ok 初始环境准备完事，开始修改各节点系统配置

1. 配置系统环境 （全部机器执行）

以下操作默认每台机器都要执行

##可以每个步骤手敲，也可以直接建个脚本scp到各台机器，自动部署
vim k8s_init.sh

#!/bin/bash
##安装相关软件
yum install -y epel-release conntrack ipvsadm ipset jq sysstat curl iptables libseccomp
wait 

##关闭防火墙firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
wait

##关闭iptables
iptables -F && iptables -X && iptables -F -t nat && iptables -X -t nat && iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
wait

##关闭防火墙SELINUX
setenforce 0
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
wait

##关闭swap分区
swapoff -a
sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab
wait

##开启网络转发
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
modprobe -- br_netfilter
EOF
wait
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
wait

##系统配置
cat << EOF | tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0
vm.swappiness=0
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
EOF
wait
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

##安装docker环境
yum remove -y docker \
           docker-client \
           docker-client-latest \
           docker-common \
           docker-latest \
           docker-latest-logrotate \
           docker-logrotate \
           docker-selinux \
           docker-engine-selinux \
           docker-engine
wait
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache fast
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
yum -y install docker-ce-18.09.9-3.el7
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
sed -i "13i ExecStartPost=/usr/sbin/iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT" /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
wait

##配置加速器
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://bk6kzfqm.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2",
  "storage-opts": [
    "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
  ]
}
EOF
wait

##重启docker
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

wait
#安装k8s组件
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
#重建yum缓存，输入y添加证书认证
wait
yum makecache fast
wait
yum install -y kubelet-1.18.14 kubectl-1.18.14 kubeadm-1.18.14
wait

##将 Container Runtime、kubelet 配置成使用 systemd 来作为 cgroup 驱动
echo "KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--cgroup-driver=systemd" > /etc/sysconfig/kubelet
wait
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart kubelet
systemctl enable --now kubelet
systemctl status kubelet

#安装bash自动补全插件
yum install bash-completion -y

#设置kubectl与kubeadm命令补全，下次login生效
kubectl completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/kubectl
kubeadm completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/kubeadm

2.master节点配置api高可用 （master机器都执行）

创建 nginx 配置文件

# 创建配置目录
mkdir -p /etc/nginx

# 写入代理配置
cat << EOF >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
error_log stderr notice;

worker_processes auto;
events {
  multi_accept on;
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 1024;
}

stream {
    upstream kube_apiserver {
        least_conn;
        server 192.168.26.150:6443;
        server 192.168.26.160:6443;
    }

    server {
        listen        0.0.0.0:8443;
        proxy_pass    kube_apiserver;
        proxy_timeout 10m;
        proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
    }
}
EOF

授权配置文件

# 更新权限
chmod +r /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

创建系统 systemd.service 文件

cat << EOF >> /etc/systemd/system/nginx-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=kubernetes apiserver docker wrapper
Wants=docker.socket
After=docker.service

[Service]
User=root
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run -p 8443:8443 \\
                              -v /etc/nginx:/etc/nginx \\
                              --name nginx-proxy \\               
                              --restart=on-failure:5 \\
                              --memory=512M \\
                              nginx:alpine
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/docker rm -f nginx-proxy
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop nginx-proxy
Restart=always
RestartSec=15s
TimeoutStartSec=30s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动nginx

# 启动 Nginx
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start nginx-proxy
systemctl enable nginx-proxy
systemctl status nginx-proxy

3.初始化集群（k8s-01操作)

kubeadm init \
  --control-plane-endpoint "127.0.0.1:8443" \ 
  --kubernetes-version "1.18.14" \
  --pod-network-cidr "10.0.0.0/8" \
  --service-cidr "172.16.0.0/16" \
  --token "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" \
  --token-ttl "0" \
  --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
  --upload-certs

##上面的命令会有格式问题请勿直接粘贴，用下面粘贴版本 

kubeadm init --control-plane-endpoint "127.0.0.1:8443" --kubernetes-version "1.18.14" --pod-network-cidr "10.0.0.0/8" --service-cidr "172.16.0.0/16" --token "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" --token-ttl "0" --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --upload-certs

##初始命令会拉取集群镜像根据网络不同，等待时间不同，耐心等待

参数解释：
–control-plane-endpoint：为控制平面指定一个固定的虚拟IP地址。其值应与负载均衡vip一致，若负载均衡与master位于同一主机，请指定与6443不同的端口号。

–kubernetes-version：指定kubernetes版本号。

–pod-network-cidr：指定pod网络的IP地址集。

–service-cidr：为service VIPs指定IP地址集。

–token：用于控制平面和节点之间建立双向结构。

–token-ttl：设置token过期时间。“0”表示不过期。

–image-repository ：指定拉取控制平面镜像的仓库。

–upload-certs：上传控制平面证书到kubeadm-certs Secret。

##输出以下结果说明成功
##如果失败，检查vip是否启动成功 
##kubeadm reset 后重新执行初始化
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
##这段用来配置kubectl管理集群（只要安装了kubectl就能配置管理集群）
  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config ##提示没有admin.conf 就从master机器scp一份
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

You can now join any number of the control-plane node running the following command on each as root:
##这段用来加入master节点
  kubeadm join 192.168.26.150:16443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f \
    --control-plane --certificate-key 0b6faa9d215fd51d97587ece45480abe58b88607c8cb776fc85d0edd354c8dab

Please note that the certificate-key gives access to cluster sensitive data, keep it secret!
As a safeguard, uploaded-certs will be deleted in two hours; If necessary, you can use
"kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs" to reload certs afterward.

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
##这段用来加入node节点
kubeadm join 192.168.26.150:16443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f

##配置kubectl管理
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

4.其他节点加入集群

master节点用这段

k8s-02

kubeadm join 127.0.0.1:8443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f \
    --control-plane --certificate-key 0b6faa9d215fd51d97587ece45480abe58b88607c8cb776fc85d0edd354c8dab

##配置kubectl管理
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

（node节点）

kubeadm join 127.0.0.1:8443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f

如果需要在node节点管理集群 也可以同上配置kubectl管理即可

这里我就跳过

查看集群状态，NotReady说明正常，因为还没配置网络

5.配置网络calico （k8s-01执行）

wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.15/manifests/calico.yaml
vim  calico.yaml
## 搜ip地址192  大概是3580行 修改成刚刚初始化的pod网段后删除掉注释 保存退出

修改后效果

kubectl apply -f calico.yaml ##等待calico的pod启动成功 需要下载镜像 
kubectl get nodes  ##查看集群网络状态
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME     STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-01   Ready    master   19m     v1.18.14
k8s-02   Ready    master   14m     v1.18.14

6.修改标签，并且清除污点让master节点能运行pod

kubectl taint nodes <node-name> node-role.kubernetes.io/master-  ##删除污点

kubectl label nodes <node-name> node-role.kubernetes.io/node=    ##给节点打标签

kubectl get nodes  ##查看集群状态
NAME     STATUS   ROLES         AGE     VERSION
k8s-01   Ready    master,node   19m     v1.18.14
k8s-02   Ready    master,node   14m     v1.18.14